Daily Excerpts from the Ark of the Covenant

 

Listed below are the chapter titles in the original The Ark of the Covenant and the calendar dates when the excerpts start.

Chapter 1. January 1

Of the Foundation of the Covenant of Grace, or of the Covenant of Redemption. Where, 1. 'Tis proved that there is such a Covenant with Christ. 2. That this is the foundation of the Covenant made with us.

Chapter 2. January 27 

Of the necessity of the Covenant of Redemption. And 1. What kind of necessity for the being of this Covenant. 2. In what Respects, or to what Intents it is necessary. 

Chapter 3. February 4

Of the Nature, Properties, and Parties of the Covenant of Redemption.

Chapter 4. February 15

Of the Tenor, Articles, and Subject-matter of the Covenant of Redemption; or of the Commands,  Conditions, and Promises thereof.

Chapter 5. February 27

Of the Harmony of the Covenant of Suretiship made with Christ, and the Covenant of Reconciliation and Grace made with Sinners. 1. Wherein they agree. 2. Wherein they differ. 3. What Conjunction and Connection is betwixt these Covenants.

 

Chapter 6. March 1

Of the Grounds of assurance and comfort, and supports of Faith, resulting from the Covenant of Suretiship, unto all those who  are in the Covenant of Reconciliation and Grace.

 

Chapter 7. March 25

Of the Name Mediator, what it signifieth, and how it agreeth to Christ.

 

Chapter 8. April 15

Of the Necessity of a Mediator; and Reasons why this Covenant is established in the hands of a Mediator.

 

Chapter 9. April 29

Of the Person who is Mediator, and of the great discoveries of God which are made to us in and through Christ.

 

Chapter 10. May 17

Of Christ's Calling to the Office of Mediatorship.

 

Chapter 11. May 24

Of Christ's taking our nature upon him, which is his grand qualification for the Office of Mediatorship.

 

Chapter 12. June 4

Several Questions resolved, concerning Christ's taking our nature upon him.

 

Chapter 13. June 16

Of the Mediator's Unction, as it relateth to the separating of him for his Offices.

 

Chapter 14. June 27

Of the Mediator's Unction as it relateth to the endowing of him with all requisite Qualifications for that Work.

 

Chapter 15. July 5

Of the Requisites in a Mediator, which are eminently to be found in Christ the Mediator of the New Covenant.

 

Chapter 16. August 1

Of Christ's execution of the Office of Mediatorship.

 

Chapter 17. August 15

Of the grounds of Comfort and supports of Faith, arising to Believers from Christ's Mediatorship.

 

Chapter 18. August 20

Of the several Relations which Christ Sustaineth in the Covenant of Grace: and, 1. Christ a witness to the People.

 

Chapter 19. September 24

Christ the Messenger or Angel of the Covenant.

 

Chapter 20. October 5

Christ a Servant in the Covenant.

 

Chapter 21. October 13

Christ the Surety of the Covenant.

 

Chapter 22. November 21

Christ the Testator of the new Covenant or Testament.

 

Chapter 23. December 5

Christ a Covenant of the people; or in what respects Christ is all the Covenant.

 

 

 

January 1

There is a Covenant betwixt God and Christ; though the name of this mysterious transaction, which we call the Covenant of Redemption and Suretiship, be not found in the Scripture, in so many words (which may be among the reasons why most writers have been silent about the thing); yet the thing itself being so evidently held forth in the Scripture.

It is generally acknowledged by the Doctors of the Law, that the agreement or consent of two or more Parties upon the same thing, maketh a Paction; and that Proposals upon the one part, and a consent upon the other, makes a formal Covenant, though there were no condition or restipulation.

But more particularly and above all question, where there are Proposals, Commands, or Promises upon the one part, with conditions required upon the other, and a consent unto, or acceptation of these Proposals, with the conditions required upon the other part, or where there is a restipulation of conditions upon the other part, there must needs be a Contract or Covenant, not only materially and virtually, because there is all the essentials of a Covenant; but formally and explicitly, because there are all the formalities of explicit Covenanting.

It is manifest, that all these things are to be found betwixt Jehovah and Christ, concerning the work of Redemption….There is a consent and agreement betwixt God and Christ about this very thing,

It was his Father's Will to send him. John 6:40, And this is the will of him that sent me. And Acts 3:26, Unto you first, God having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him, etc.

And it was Christ's Will to be sent. Heb. 10:9, Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will. John 6:38, For I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the will of him that sent me.

It was his Father's will that he should lay down his life, and it was his will also. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all. John 10:18, No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself: I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father. Isa. 53:10, Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him, and it pleased him to be bruised. 

Isa. 50:6, I gave my back to the smiters, and my cheeks to them that plucked off the hair: I hid not my face from shame and spitting.

Still there was an agreement.

January

We find clear vestiges in the Scripture of Proposals made by Jehovah unto Christ, concerning his Will about the work of our Redemption; and of a consent and agreement upon Christ's part unto these Proposals; whereby he declares his will to be consenting to his Father's Will.

The first, to wit, Proposals made by God to Christ. We read Psal. 110:1, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool and Psal. 2:7-8, I will declare the decree, the Lord hath said unto me, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee. Ask of me and I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession.

That these Scriptures contain Proposals, is manifest. And that they are Proposals made by Jehovah to Christ, appears by the Holy Ghost's asserting it. Acts 13:33, God hath confirmed the same unto us their children, in that he hath raised up Jesus again, as it is also written in the second psalm, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee. Heb. 1:5, For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee?

These Proposals belong to the eternal transaction and Covenant of Redemption. To this end 'tis to be observed, That whatsoever is revealed in these Scriptures concerning the things that were between God and Christ, God said and propounded it unto Christ long before his coming in the flesh, and therefore it must needs relate to such transactions as were betwixt God and Christ in the counsel of his Will from all eternity.

The accomplishment of these things is declared to be that which God had revealed in the Old Testament to have been said long before by him to Christ. Therefore also the same Scripture is brought as an evidence of Christ's being consecrated by his Father unto the offices which he did bear for the work of our Redemption.

January 3

Psalms 25:14, The secret of the Lord is with them that fear him, and he will show them his covenant. Col. 1:26, Even the mystery which hath been hidden from ages and generations, but now is made manifest to his saints. And what is the secret that is now declared plainly? even that which follows: The Lord said unto me, Thou art my Son…..ask of me, etc., i.e.

God said to Christ, or made this Proposal to him, thou art the only fit person for undertaking this work of Man's Redemption, and I destinate and appoint thee for it: Now therefore ask, and have the noblest rewards that can be devised, only do the work.

I say then, here is but a declaration of that which was said and done, concluded and transacted by Proposals 'twixt God and Christ in his Decrees, and the Counsel of his Will.

January 4

     Besides the Scriptures before mentioned, we read also of God's Proposals to Christ, concerning the work of man's Redemption. Isa. 42:6-7, I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people for a light of the Gentiles. To open the eyes of the blind, to bring out the prisoners from the prison, and them that sit in darkness out of the prison house. And 49:5-6, And now saith the Lord that formed me from the womb to be his servant, to bring Jacob again to him; Though Israel be not gathered, yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord, and my God shall be my strength. And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldst be my servant, to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved of Israel. I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou mayst be my salvation to the ends of the earth, etc., which things no man can reason-ably doubt to be spoken by Jehovah to Christ, and to contain Proposals concerning the Redemption and Salvation of his elect people.

 

January 5

We find Christ's consent and agreement, and that before the beginning of the world, unto the Proposals made to him by Jehovah concerning this work of Redemption, and the office which he was called unto for that effect, clearly insinuated. Prov. 8:22-24, The Lord possessed me in the beginning of his way, before his works of old. I was set up from everlasting from the beginning, before ever the earth was. When there were no depths I was brought forth, when there were no fountains abounding with water…..30:31, Then I was by him as one brought up with him, and I was daily his delight, rejoicing always before him. Rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth, and my delights were with the sons of men.

 

January 6

But yet more explicitly, read his consent to the Proposals made by Jehovah to his Son Christ. Psalms 40:6-8, Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire, mine ears hast thou opened; burnt offering and sin offering hast thou not required. Then said I, Lo I come; in the volume of the book it is written of me, I delight to do thy will, O my God; yea, thy law is within my heart. Heb. 10:5-7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldst not, but a body hast thou prepared me. In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin, thou hast had no pleasure. Then said I, Lo I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. Concerning these Scriptures, let us observe some things for clearing the point in hand; to wit, Christ's consent and agreement unto Proposals made to him by Jehovah. And it is manifest that the words are Christ's words; for the Apostle makes Christ, not David to be the speaker here. Heb. 10:5, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, i.e. Christ saith; for it is of Christ's sacrifice, and his offering himself that the Apostle hath been speaking.

January 7

Sacrifice thou hast not required, but, etc., and this was no other but the obedience of his own Son, and the giving his soul an offering and Sacrifice for sin to satisfy the Justice of God.

Isa. 53:10, Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him, he hath put him to grief; when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. 

Consider the answer that Christ gives here, how it amounts unto a plenary consent and agreement unto the will and proposal of his Father unto him, which is a Covenant of Redemption or Suretiship, i.e. that he will undertake and do the work of our Redemption, according to his Father's will.

I say Christ's answer bears a consent, a willing consent, Lo I come. 'Tis an expression not unlike these of Isaiah and Samuel, whereby they expressed their free consent and readiness to obey the call of God. Isa. 6:8, Then said I, Here am I, send me. In the Original it is behold me, or lo me; which is equivalent to Lo I come.

January 8

Christ's answer bears a submissive humble consent, Mine ear hast thou opened, or bored. There seems to be an allusion to a Ceremony that was used toward the Servant that would not have his liberty, but loved his Master so, that he would not go out free from his Service, when he might according to Law, in the seventh year: whereof see Deut. 15:12-17; Exod. 21:6. So  the opening or boring of the ear is, not only a sign of hearkening and obedience, as the Phrase is used concerning Christ. Isa. 50:5, The Lord God hath opened mine ear, and I was not rebellious, neither turned away back. But it notes also his taking on the form of a Servant, such as had their ears bored, in token of their submission to serve when they might have been free. In place of this Phrase, the Apostle says, A body thou hast prepared me: giving a perspicuous interpretation of the opening of the ear, that it related to Christ's Incarnation, and the end thereof, which was that he might be found in the form of a Servant, to obey and do the will of his Father, as one who by his own consent was nailed and pinned to his Service in the work of Redemption. Phil 2:7-8, But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men. And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.

 

January 9

Christ's answer bears a consent given in contemplation of a satisfaction to divine Justice; and therefore he mentions the Law of God, and the things that God required, and offers himself to undergo these; for this he did propose to himself, that offended divine Justice might have an honorable satisfaction, and that the Law might have obedience in him. Gal. 4:4-5, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law: To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. Zech. 13:7, Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts, smite the shepherd. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us.

 

January 10

He offers himself to fulfil the Law (to which he voluntarily subjected himself) in the exact rigor thereof, in every thing that is written in the book of the law, Gal. 3:10. He offers himself to perform the utmost degree of obedience to the Will of God, to do thy, will, O God; yea, to do not only according to what is written in the book of the Law, but according to the indenture and contract betwixt God and him, to which I understand the volume of the book here mentioned, chiefly to relate; supposing the agreement betwixt God and Christ about the work of man's Redemption, and all his undertakings to be written as it were in a Book or Roll, in that sense that the Scripture speaks of a book of life, and the Lamb's book of life, and the writings therein, Rev. 13:8; 15:8; and 21:27.

 

January 11

Christ's answer bears a cheerful consent to the Proposals made by God to him, I delight to do thy will, O God, and thy law is within my heart; because his heart was to the business, and a design of love acted him all along his undertaking and performing the work of our Redemption. John 13:1, having loved his own; therefore he took pleasure in the work; therefore it was his delight. Prov. 8:31, Rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth, and my delights were with the sons of men. Luke 22:15, And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer. I conclude then, that this consent upon Christ's part to his Father's Proposals, makes a Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Christ.

 

January 12

Betwixt Jehovah and Christ there are Commands with Promises, holding forth what was the Will of God to Christ, in the matter of man's Redemption; and what he should expect from his Father for doing that work, and obeying his Will. John 6:39-40, This is the Father's will…..and this is the will of him that sent me. Zech. 6:12-13…..Behold the man whose  name is the Branch, and he shall grow up out of his place, and he shall build the temple of the Lord…..and the counsel of peace shall be between them both. Mich. 5:4-5, And he shall stand and feed in the strength of the Lord, in the majesty of the name of the Lord his God, and they shall abide, for now shall he be great unto the ends of the earth. And this man shall be the peace when the Assyrian shall come into our land. Isa. 42:1-4…..He shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. He shall not cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street. A bruised reed shall he not break, and the smoking flax shall he not quench; he shall bring forth judgment unto truth. Commands with explicit promises, such as are betwixt God and Christ, do amount to a Covenant.

 

January 13

Betwixt Jehovah and Christ, there are Promises with Conditions; I say Promises with Conditions (not absolute promises) read Isa. 53:10-12…..When thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand: He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. By his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many, for he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he hath poured out his soul unto death, and he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intersession for the transgressors. Now Promises with Conditions, are promises with re-promissions, or conditions upon the one part, and upon the other. This is a declaration of what God will do, and what he doth require, which is a formal Covenant.

 

January 14

He receives a command from his Father to lay down his life and he willingly consents. John 10:18, No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself; I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father. His Father propounds his Will to him, and makes offer of fair conditions, and he accepts. Isa. 53:10…..When thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. Heb. 10:5, 7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me.....Then said I, Lo I come, (in the volume of the book, it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. Here is a formal explicit Covenant.

 

January 15

There is betwixt Jehovah and Christ, Consenting with Performing; not only a mutual agreement upon the things to be done by Christ, and to be done to Christ; but a real performance of the mutual conditions agreed upon betwixt them. And this is more than a consummate Covenant, this is the fulfilling of an explicit Covenant, and the acknowledgment of both parties, that it was mutually covenanted, and that the conditions were observed, and were performed on both sides. John 17:4, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do, saith Christ and his Father saith, Isa. 42:1, Behold my servant whom I uphold, mine elect in whom my soul delighteth, I have put my spirit upon him, and he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. Phil. 2:8-9, And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name.

January 16

There is betwixt Jehovah and Christ, asking and giving: the Father asketh a satisfaction to his Justice for the sins of all the elect. Isa. 53:10, It pleased the Lord to bruise him, he hath put him to grief: and the satisfaction which his Father asked, was, that he should make his soul an offering for sin: and Christ yieldeth and giveth the satisfaction which was asked. Psalms 40:6, Lo I come, saith he, to do thy will. Isa. 53:5, But he was wounded for our transgressions, and he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and with his stripes we are healed.

Again, Christ asketh of his Father a reward and satisfaction for the travail of his soul in that great work of our Redemption and Salvation: And his Father gives it him according to the encouraging Proposals, whereby he had invited him to the undertaking so great a work. Psal. 2:8, Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession. Isa. 53:5, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. John 17:4-5, I have glorified thee on earth, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do: And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the world was. This kind of asking and giving on both sides, amounteth to a formal explicit Covenant.

 

January 17

There is betwixt Jehovah and Christ, work and wages. There is working propounded upon the one part, and undertaken upon the other: and a reward promised upon the one part, and expected upon the other; craved upon the one part, and paid upon the other. And this is a formal Covenant strictly so taken. I give this upon condition you do that, and I do this upon condition you give that.

Isa. 53:11-12, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquity. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he hath poured out his soul unto death, and he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. And 49:3, 6, And said unto me, Thou art my servant, O Israel, in whom I will be glorified.....And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldst be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved of Israel: I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou mayest be my salvation unto the end of the earth. And agreed unto by him. John 10:17, Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again. Heb. 10:7, Then said I, Lo I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. Therefore we find upon the one part and the other, God promising a reward,and Christ expecting it. Isa. 53:12, Therefore I will divide him a portion with the great, with Isa. 49:4, Surely my judgment is with the Lord, and my work with my God. Again, we find God proposing the reward for Christ's encouragement in so hard a work, and Christ eying the reward under all discouragements. Psal. 110:7, He shall drink of the brook in the way, therefore shall he lift up the head; with Heb. 12:2, Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. We find also Christ craving his reward, and challenging it as due to him. John 17:4, I have glorified thee on earth, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. And his Father paying the promised reward, Phil. 2:8-9, Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, etc.

 

January 18

His Offices and Employments; Christ is Lord Mediator of the New Covenant, Heb. 8:6; 9:15. He is Lord Ambassador and Messenger of the Covenant, Mal. 3:1. He is the Lord's Shepherd and his Servant in the work of Redemption, Zech. 13:7; Isa. 42:1. Not by nature, but by condescension and agreement, to be in these employments. Christ Mediator is a King, not by nature but by Covenant and Agreement, he receives a dispensatory Kingdom. Psal. 2:6, Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill Zion. Acts 2:36, God hath made the same Jesus both Lord and Christ. Heb. 1:2…..whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds. Psal. 89:27, Also I will make him my firstborn, higher than the kings of the earth. Christ is a Prophet and a Teacher of his people, not by nature but by appointment. Acts 3:22, For Moses truly said unto the fathers, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren like unto me, him shall ye hear in all things whatsoever he shall say unto you. Isa. 55:4, Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people. Christ is a Priest not by nature, but by divine appointment, and that in the way of agreement and consent. Heb. 5:4-6, And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. As he saith also in another place; Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec. And 7:21…..The Lord sware and will not repent, thou art a priest for ever, after the order of Melchisedec.

January 19

How came his name to be in our bond, and he to take upon him to perform the condition of the Covenant of works? how came he to be under the Law, and to fulfill the Law? Sure it was not by nature, nor by any necessity of nature; but by divine appointment, and by his own voluntary yielding to it, which is Compact; so Jesus was made surety, Heb. 7:22; and made under the law, Gal. 4:4; how came he to have the disposing of the eternal interests of all men? Sure he had this trust and authority by agreement with his Father, who laid it upon him, and he freely received it. John 5:22, For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment to the Son and 17:2, As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him. How came the keys of the house of David, to lie upon his shoulder? the great trust and management of all affairs relating to his Church and People? undoubtedly this was by Compact with Jehovah, who laid this trust upon him. Isa. 22:23-24, And the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder, so he shall open and none shall shut, and he shall shut and none shall open. And I will fasten him as a nail in a sure place, and he shall be for a glorious throne to his father's house. And they shall hang upon him all the glory of his house, the offspring and the issue, all vessels of small quantity, from the vessels of cups, even to all the vessels of flagons. Rev. 1:7…..He that hath the key of David, he that openeth and no man shutteth, and shutteth and no man openeth.

 

January 20

Though God the Father was the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ by eternal generation, and he is the natural Son of God; yet who can declare how God is the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, but by Covenant? 1 Pet. 1:5. God foretold this Covenant-Interest of Christ's, Psal. 89:26, He shall cry unto me, Thou art my Father, my God, and the rock of my salvation; with Heb. 1:5, For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son? And Christ frequently owns that Covenant compellation. Matt. 27:46, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? Rev. 3:12, Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go no more out, and I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, which is new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God, and I will write upon him my new name. John 20:17, Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not, for I am not yet ascended to my Father; but go to my brethren and say to them, I ascend unto my Father and your Father, and to my God and your God.

 

January 21

Therefore the Scripture giveth us ground to say, that God first chose Christ to this work of Redemption, and then made a Covenant with him. Psal. 89:3, I have made a covenant with my chosen. We find that Christ having taken upon him these offices, trusts, employments, etc., before mentioned, was under a blessed, holy necessity, to fulfill the things belonging to his offices and trusts; and therefore the Scripture saith, it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, Heb. 2:17. And it behoved Christ to suffer, Luke 24:46. And he must needs go through Samaria, John 4:4. I must work the works of him that sent me, John 9:4. But neither of these necessities was any ways repugnant to his own free consent and willingness to bear these offices and trusts.

Therefore is the thing that was laid upon Christ, so often called the will of him that sent him, John 6:39-40. Neither was there any such necessity upon Christ to take these offices and employments, he could not be compelled to lay down his life. John 10:18, No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself: I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again; this commandment received I of my Father. Phil. 2:6-8, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God. And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.

 

January 22

There was no natural necessity, such as that of the Sun to give light, and the fire heat; sure there was no such necessity of God's sending of Christ; God did not by any natural necessity send forth Christ; nor was the Son of God under any natural necessity to undertake the work of our Redemption, for God might have done otherwise, he might in Justice have prosecuted the Covenant of works. Yea, there was no kind of necessity upon God to send, or upon Christ to go this errand, abstracting from his own Decrees, and the purpose of his Will. Eph. 1:5-6, Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will: to the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved. Now the Scripture is plain and express, that all the offices, trusts, authorities, employments and Covenant-relations which Christ did bear, were not usurped, were not taken upon him without divine ordination and appointment, without his Father's consent and command; but that he was designed, chosen and called thereunto. See Prov. 8:23, I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was. John 5:22, For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son. Isa. 42:1, 6, Behold my servant whom I uphold.....I the Lord have called thee in righteousness. And 49:1, 3…..The Lord hath called me from the womb, from the bowels of my mother hath he made mention of my name…..Thou art my servant, O Israel, in whom I will be glorified. Heb. 5:5-6, So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever, after the order of Melchisedec. Acts 3:26, Unto you first, God having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him to bless you, in turning away every one from his iniquities. Psal. 40:6, Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire, mine ears hast thou opened; burnt offering and sin offering hast thou not required, etc. I conclude therefore, that all these offices, trusts, powers, and Covenant-relations which Christ did bear, being upon him by mutual agreement and consent betwixt Jehovah and Christ, all and every one of them doth prove a Compact and Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Christ.

 

January 23

If this Covenant of Suretiship had not been concluded betwixt Jehovah and Christ, there could never have been any Covenant-dealing with us upon terms of Grace; for suppose this Covenant had not been, the Lord should then have prosecuted the Covenant of works, and followed a course of Justice against all Mankind, the door should have been shut forever against all condescensions, and all Gospel ways of Grace. Therefore we find the Apostle reckons the change of Law-dispensation, and life by the tenor of the Covenant of works, into a new way of Grace, to have its foundation, original and rise from God's gracious eternal transaction with Christ. 2 Tim. 1:9, Who hath saved us and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began.

 

January 24

How can fallen broken man (who understands his condition to be such) think of dealing with God, unless he bring a Cautioner with him; or how shall he bring to God Christ, a surety of the better testament, who hath not heard of and believed his eternal act of Suretiship. Rom. 10:14, How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher? This Covenant of Suretiship therefore must needs be the foundation of the Covenant of Grace and reconciliation; hence 'tis that David and Hezekiah flee to this act of Suretiship, and lay the weight of their dealing with God on it. Psal. 119:122, Be surety for thy servant for good. Isa. 38:14…..O Lord, I am oppressed, undertake for me.

 

January 25

The Covenant made with us, hath its stability from the Covenant of Suretiship made with Christ, and therefore this must be the foundation of that; I say, upon the stability of the Covenant made with Christ, doth depend the stability of the Covenant with us; because that stands firm and sure, therefore doth this stand fast also; therefore the mercies of the Covenant with us, are sure mercies, and the promises of the Covenant are yea, and amen; because they are the sure mercies of David, which were first promised to Christ, Isa. 55:3, and because the promises were made to us in him. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him are amen. There-fore the Covenant made with us is an everlasting Covenant, because of the Covenant by which he was given to his people. Isa. 53:3-4, I make with you an everlasting covenant, even the sure mercies of David. Behold I have given him for a witness of the people, a leader and commander of the people. Therefore our faith, and perseverance, and salvation are sure, as sure as Heaven and earth can make them, because of the act of Christ's Suretiship, and his undertaking for them; because they hang upon Christ's fulfilling his Covenant of Suretiship with God, and upon condition of his doing the work that his Father gave him to do. John 17:4, 8, 15, 24, I have glorified thee on earth, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do…..For I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me, and they have received them….I pray not that thou shouldst take them out of the world; but that thou shouldst kept them from the evil…..Father I will, that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am. Matt. 16:18…..And upon this rock will I build my Church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

 

January 26

The Holy Ghost's leading us so frequently in the Scriptures, from the Covenant made with us, in all the force, efficacy, stability, eternity, standing, and perseverance thereof, to look up to the Covenant of Suretiship made with Christ; is a clear demonstration that this Covenant made with us depends upon the Covenant made with him; and that the Covenant made with Christ, is the foundation and ground of the Covenant made with us. Read Ezek. 16:60-61, Nevertheless I will remember my covenant with thee in the days of thy youth, and I will establish unto thee an everlasting covenant. Then thou shalt remember thy ways, and be ashamed when thou shalt receive thy sisters, thine elder, and thy younger, and I will give them unto thee for daughters; but not by thy covenant. Where the efficacy of the Covenant made with us, is hanged, not upon that same Covenant, but another; to wit, that made with Christ. And Isa. 22:22-23, And the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder, for he shall open, and none shall shut, and he shall shut and none shall open; and I will fasten him as a nail in a sure place, and he shall be for a glorious throne to his father's house, etc. Where under a type of Eliakim's trust, the fixing of Christ in the Covenant is stated, as the ground of all the gracious efficiency thereof; and Psal. 89:33-34, Nevertheless my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. The establishment of the Covenant with Christ's sinful seed (there spoke of by the name of David and his seed), is reduced to the Covenant, the sworn Covenant with Christ, as the ground and foundation thereof, whom God laid in Zion for a sure foundation, to the intent that he who believeth may not make haste, nor be suddenly removed from his Faith and steadfastness, Isa. 28:16.

 

January 27

If so it had pleased God, he might have not entered that Covenant with his Son; for it was not absolutely necessary that man should be redeemed. God might have passed by man as he did the Apostate angels; which choice of objects, to be redeemed by Christ, is mentioned for aggravating God's love to man. Heb. 2:16, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham.

 

January 28

The work of Redemption performed by Christ, was such as could not be undertaken and performed without a Covenant. For it required commanding and obeying, sending and going, asking and receiving, working and rewarding, all which imported suppose superiority and inferiority, or subordination, which could not be betwixt the Father and the Son, who is equal with God, Phil. 2:6, unless that by Agreement, Compact, Consent and Covenant, the Son of God had humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross, Phil. 2:8. The work of Redemption unto which Christ was designed in the counsel of God, required several offices, employments, trusts, and relations to be sustained by him which not being essential to the Son of God, nor belonging to him by any natural, absolute, or immutable necessity; upon supposal of the decree of God, that the Son should do the work of Redemption, there was a necessity of Consequence, that there should be a Covenant of Redemption and Suretiship; that by the Father's calling and command, and by the Son's consent and agreement, making up a voluntary Compact, the Son of God might bear these offices, and trusts, and relations, which otherwise he should not have borne. Isa. 42:1-6, Behold my servant whom I uphold, mine elect whom my soul delighteth…..I the Lord have called thee in righteousness and will hold thine hand. Psal. 2:7, I will declare the decree, the Lord hath said unto me, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee. Heb. 5:5-6, So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest, but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.

 

January 29

The Covenant of Redemption made with Christ was necessary; God having purposed in procuring our salvation, to glorify his mercy and justice, a Mediator and Surety behooved to be engaged; and there being (in regard of infinite wisdom which determined it) none so fit as the Son of God; he must needs be engaged by his own consent, and by a Covenant agreement with Jehovah.

 

January 30

How sweetly mercy and justice did meet, when peace and righteousness, Law-demands and Gospel-condescensions, Law-severity and Gospel-lenity did meet together, and were made friends by this Covenant. Psal. 85:10-11, Mercy and truth are met together, righteousness and peace have kissed each other, etc. For by this means God brought forth to heaven and earth, and all the creatures, the glorious harmony of Justice, Truth, Mercy, Power, Wisdom, and Grace. Rev. 5:12-13, Saying with a loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain, to receive power, and wisdom, and riches, and strength, and honour, and glory, and blessing. And every creature which is in heaven and on the earth, and under the earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are in them, heard I saying, Blessing, honour, glory, and power be unto him that sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb for ever and ever. In God's sending his Son, and the Son's undertaking and offering himself willingly to his Father, to do this work, and the Holy Ghost's exercising the power of the Godhead, fitting and enabling him, the man Christ Jesus, to do the work; there was a glorious manifestation of the distinction of Persons in the Godhead, and of the offices of these Persons. See Isa. 42:1, Behold my servant whom I uphold, mine elect in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him, he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles. Heb. 9:14, How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit, offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? And 10:7, Then said I, Lo, I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. Psal. 2:7-8, I will declare the decree, the Lord hath said unto me, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee, Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession. John 14:26, But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father, will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you. Matt. 3:16-17…..And he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him: And lo, a voice from heaven saying, This is my beloved Son in whom I am well pleased; and such like Scriptures. Yea, so much was the Covenant betwixt God and Christ about our Redemption for the glory of God, even considered personally; that thereby (beside the glory that was common to all the three Persons) there did accrue a peculiar glory to the distinct Persons of the Godhead, in regard of their distinct offices and working in this business of Redemption; a peculiar glory to the Father, who gave Christ, and who sent him upon this business, and blessed us in him, even a peculiar honor to the Father from the Lord Mediator and Redeemer. John 8:49, But I honour my Father, saith Christ; and a peculiar honor to the Father from the ransomed and redeemed people. 1 Pet. 1:3, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which according to his abundant mercy hath begotten us again into a lively hope by the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead. A peculiar honor to the Son, to Christ the Lord Mediator, and that both upon earth and in heaven, a peculiar glory to the Lamb that wrought the Redemption, unto which his Father appointed him. John 5:22-23, For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment to the Son: That all men should honor the Son, even as they honor the Father; which the Son claimeth. John 17:1, 4, These words spoke Jesus, and lift up his eyes to heaven, and said, Father, the hour is come; glorify thy Son, that thy Son also may glorify thee: I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. And which is paid to him in heaven, Rev. 7:10, Saying, Salvation to our God which sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb. And 5:9, And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood, out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation. A peculiar glory unto the eternal Spirit, by whom the Son of God offered himself without spot to God, Heb. 9:14; and to whom the effectual application of the purchased Redemption by peculiar office belongs. 1 Cor. 6:11, And such were some of you; but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God. John 6:63, It is the Spirit that quickeneth. Gal. 4:6, And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

 

January 31

This Covenant of Suretiship was necessary for our establishment under this new dispensation, that our Rights might be in a surer hand than our own. Man is a mutable thing, and free-will is a tottering uncertain thing, as experience hath taught; but Christ is a sure foundation; and holding of him, or rather in him, is a sure tenure. The Rights and Charters that are under his custody, are well kept. And therefore God who instituted this dispensation, did for the better securing of the Believer's interests, enter into Covenant with a mighty responsible person, even Christ; and consolidates our Covenant-right in Christ our head, and did trust to his keeping and answering all the intents of the Magna Charta, the great Charter of the Gospel-covenant. Hence it is that the Covenant of peace made with us, is a sure Covenant, because 'tis thus ordered. Christ acted that business in the Covenant of Redemption; there were mutual assurances given between the Father and the Son, which makes all Covenant-dealing with us sure, and holds all fast. Psal. 89:34-35, My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. Hence 'tis, that the blessings and mercies of the Gospel-covenant, are sure mercies; because there was concluded-Articles about them in this Covenant of Suretiship, when Christ treated for his heirs and children not yet born nor created. Isa. 55:3-4…..And I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies  of David. Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people. Heb. 2:13…..Behold  I, and the children which God hath given me. John 6:39-40, And this is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up again at the last day. And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day. O what strong and everlasting consolation hath God allowed upon his people from these immutable and everlasting grounds! Heb. 6:17-18, Wherein God, willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath: That by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us. 2 Thess. 2:16, Now our Lord Jesus Christ himself, and God, even our Father, which hath loved us, and hath given us everlasting consolation and good hope through grace, etc.

 

February 1

     This Gospel-dispensation is a better Covenant than that of the Law of works; and the promises thereof are better promises, and the crown and heaven thereof a better crown; even because Christ is in this Covenant, and the foundation of it was laid in his Suretiship; by this means the blessedness and heaven of this Covenant is bettered.

     1. It is the glory of new heavens, created of purpose for the residence of the redeemed, in the company of him that redeemed them by his own blood. 2 Pet. 3:13, Nevertheless, we according to his promise, look for new heavens, and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness.

     2. It is the glory of a paradise wherein is the tree of life, and the river of the water of life, which were not ingredients of the Law-glory; neither were placed in the first paradise. Rev. 7:17…..and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters.

     3. It is a heaven and glory where the new song is sung, and where the Musicians are all redeemed, and where the meeting of these redeemed ones to sing together, is the sweeter, that they once were all lost, and that they came out of tribulation and a land of sighing. Rev. 5:9, And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof; for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation. But there should not have been any new song, nor redeemed Musicians in the glory and heaven of Law-dispensation.

     4. It is a heaven and glory wherein all the inhabitants wear crowns; for Christ hath made them kings unto God, and to his Father, Rev. 1:6. But there should have been no crowns worn in the first paradise; nor should the happiness thereof have amounted so high as a crown and a throne; there being no occasion for it, nor any promise to that effect.

     5. It is a heaven and glory, where the inhabitants are all conquerors, each hath a palm in his hand, in sign of his victory. Rev. 7:9…..clothed with white robes, and palms in their hands; this garland should not have been in the first Covenant-glory; where there was no fighting, there could be no victory, at least over the world, and sin and death.

     6. It is a heaven and glory, where all the inhabitants are clothed with long white robes, and with fine linen clean and white. Rev. 19:8, And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white: for the fine linen is the righteousness of saints. But there should have been no such robes in the Law-heaven: whatsoever shining-beauty and whiteness should have been on Adam's skin; yet there should have been there no garments of glory, no righteousness should have been worn there, but that which should have been of our own working.

     7. It is a heaven wherein there is a throne for the Lamb, where the man Christ in our nature is upon the throne, where the greatest beauty of all the Kingdom, and the most highly exalted person, is the man Christ; where the Lord Mediator is the glorious light of all the land. Rev. 21:22-23, And I saw no temple therein; for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb, are the temple of it. And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon to shine in it; for the glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof. And 5:12, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain, to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and glory, and honour, and blessing. There was no such glory in the first Covenant nor in the heaven thereof: which no doubt should have made it less glorious, and speaks forth the greater glory of this latter Covenant-happiness.

     8. It is a heaven that was purchased at a dear rate, that was the price of blood, 1 Pet. 1:18-19, For as much as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, but with the precious blood of Christ as of a lamb without blemish, and without spot.

     9. It is a heaven wherein is a lovely and numerous assembly, a fair mystical body, whereof Christ is the head, and whereof each redeemed soul is a member. O so lovely a company with the captain of their salvation! so glorious a body with their glorious head! So beautiful a bride with so fair a husband! Such a lovely couple, such a body corporate, such a complete society, when Christ mystical is perfected, and all the members compared together, and joined unto their glorious and blessed head! Eph. 5:27, That he might present it to himself a glorious Church, not having spot or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish. Rev. 19:7, Let us be glad and rejoice, and give honour to him; for the marriage of the Lamb is come, and his wife hath made herself ready. But there should have been no such body-corporate in the Law-heaven, no such mystical body of Christ, no marriage of the Lamb, nor any melodious rejoicing at that solemnity. The glory, and crown, and heaven of the Covenant of redemption, is better, and far more glorious, than should have been the lot of man, by Law-righteousness and works, without Christ's Suretiship.

 

February 2

     This Covenant was necessary, for having in readiness a Physician, before we should be sick. He well knew that it would be a wretched hopeless condition, for man to provide a Physician to himself, and to have him to seek when his sickness should be desperate. He therefore by a foresight and providence of pure, sovereign, free, transcendent Grace, did provide one; and indeed it was necessary for our good, that it should be so. For had man fallen sick of sin, before this Covenant for sending a healer to him, he had died ere the cure could come.

 

February 3

     This Covenant was necessary for cutting off all matter and occasion of self-gloriation from man in his own Redemption and Salvation. For if the business of our Redemption and Salvation was transacted, concluded, done and ended betwixt Jehovah and Christ, without our knowledge or consent, before we had a being; what have we to boast of? If the agreement about the price to be paid and accepted, tarried not for man; wherein can we glory that we have contributed to our own happiness? 2 Tim. 1:9, Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began. Eph. 2:10, For we are his workmanship created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them. 1 John 4:10, 19, Herein is love, not that we loved God; but that he loved us, and sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins.....We love him, because he first loved us.

 

February 4

     1. There must needs have been a Person set apart and designed from eternity unto the doing of the work of Redemption, and this Person was the Son only; not the Father, nor the Spirit. 1 Pet. 1:20, Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world; but was manifested in these last times for you.

     2. The preparation and fitting of the Person set apart to take our Law-place, and room, that Justice might smite him in our stead; which also was by an eternal act of the will of God decreed, that the Son of God should be Immanuel, God with us, or God made manifest in the flesh, Isa. 7:14; 1 Tim. 3:16. And unto this incarnation of the Son of God, his own words have reference, as unto the grand qualification whereby he was destinated beforehand, that he might be in a capacity to do this work. Heb. 10:5, A body hast thou prepared me.

     3. Christ was by an eternal act of God's will called to this work, and that long before he came into the world. Isa. 42:6, I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. Heb. 5:5, So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee.

    4. The investing of the Person designed, with offices, powers and authorities, for the doing of this work, such as his Mediatory-office, and the powers and authorities thereunto belonging, which was not suspended until the time of his actual discharge of the offices of King, Priest, and Prophet. But by an eternal act of the will of God, he was set up and vested with these offices and powers from everlasting, and had the glory of the designed, called, invested Mediator; as he plainly insinuates. Prov. 8:23, I was set up from everlasting, saith wisdom. John 17:5, And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the world was.

     5. The mission of the Son, Christ designed, fitted, called, invested for this work, was also by an eternal act in the counsel of God, sent to do this work. He had a solemn eternal, authoritative mission, a command to go, and was bidden go. He had the will of God by an eternal act or commisson given out to him concerning all this work, long before he was actually made under the Law; to which he hath respect, when he saith, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God, Heb. 10:7, even that will of God that was in the book of his eternal decrees. John 6:39, And this is the Father's will which hath sent me. And 10:18, This commandment have I received of my Father. But in all these, we do not so much multiply the distinction of acts, as we take notice of the distinction and difference of phrase used by the Holy Ghost, speaking of this mystery in the Scriptures. Upon the other part, there concurred unto this agreement, an eternal personal consent and compliance upon Christ's part, unto all these eternal acts of the will of God; for Christ God, equal with the Father, does not begin to consent and agree unto anything in time; nor can the eternal Son of God will anything in time, which he did not will and consent unto from eternity. But Christ was present with the Father, and did from eternity consent and agree to these eternal acts.

 

February 5

     1. To the designation of himself to be the person that should satisfy the Justice of God, he heartily acquiesced and offered himself; he said, Lo, I come to do thy will, Heb. 10:5, 7. He poured out his souI unto death, Isa. 53:12.

     2. He consented unto the putting himself in that low capacity that the working of this work required. Heb. 2:7, Thou madest him a little lower than the angels; to leave the throne of glory, and come down to his footstool, there to be in disgrace; the Lord of the Law, to be made under the law, Gal. 4:4. The holy one that knew no sin, to be made in the likeness of sinful flesh, Rom. 8:3. Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God. And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross, Phil. 2:6-8.

     3. He consented and agreed unto the eternal act of his calling to this work; no sooner was it his Father's will that he should travail in the business, but it was his also. He was as a ready Servant, whose ear was bored in token of his love and willingness to serve his Master, when he might have been free. Psal. 40:6, Mine ears hast thou opened or bored. Isa. 50:5-6, The Lord hath opened mine ears, and I was not rebellious, neither turned away back.

     4. He consented to the taking on these offices and trusts that the work of our Redemption required; there was no force nor constraint upon, no necessity of nature that he should step in betwixt the disagreeing parties, that he should step into the fire that we had kindled, that he should make himself a Sacrifice for our sins, that he should receive a dispensatory Kingdom; but frankly and freely he consented to do all these things. John 10:18, No man taketh my life from me; but I lay it down of myself. John 17:2, As thou  hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him. Prov. 8:23, I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was.                                                                              

     5. He consented unto his mission, his Father's sending of him, and was well content to go that errand; yea, so hearty was his consent, that he took delight in it. Psal. 40:8, I delight to do thy will, O my God; yea, thy law is within my heart. John 4:34; Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work. And to all these things he gives a personal consent from eternity, and with so much delight, that he solaced himself, and took pleasure in the future accomplishment of these eternal acts of  the will of God concerning the sons of men. Prov. 8:23, 30-31, I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was.....Then I was by him as one brought up with him, and was daily his delight, rejoicing always before him: Rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth, and my delights were with the sons of men.

 

February 6

     The Properties of the Covenant of Redemption, are: Freedom, Graciousness, Eternity, Equality, Order, and Stability.

     1. Upon the Father's side, it was free to Jehovah to have followed a strict Law-course according to the rigor of the Covenant of works; or to follow a Gospel-way of mitigation and condescension as pleased him. It was free to him to send, or not to send a Saviour to suffer for man; to take a satisfaction by a Surety, or only in the soul that sinned; as pleased him.

     2. Upon Christ's part, it was as free to him to be a suffering Redeemer and Surety, or not; as pleased him; to undertake the work of our Redemption, or not to undertake it; to humble himself unto this service, or not; to go this errand, or not, as pleased him. Hence 'tis observed, that it was otherwise with the second Adam, than with the first; for it was not free to Adam to withdraw from, or to deny subjection to the first Covenant; neither could he withdraw himself from the Law of Nature, nor slight the promise thereof, without the violation of that Law. But the Son of God was free, and tied by no Law antecedent to his own consent.

 

February 7

     The Father and the Son were not only free from all natural necessity and outward compulsion; but also from all hire, allurement or motive from anything without their own will. There was nothing in man, no not foreseen, that could allure or move; far less hire the Father to give Christ, to engage him in this work, nor Christ to engage his name in our bond; since he well foresaw what it would cost him. It's true he values his seed as a satisfying return of his travail. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied; but beside that, there is no proportion betwixt his work, and this poor wages. Was man a price for the Lord of glory to work for? or was he a reward for him to wrestle for? Could he be hired for so low a wager, if the sovereign freedom of his own will had not acted him?

 

February 8   

      Another Property of this Covenant is Graciousness. It is not only the Covenant transacted with us, the Gospel-Covenant, that is, pure Grace; but this also that was transacted betwixt Jehovah and Christ, even while it was yet in his purpose, and as it was the eternal act of his will. Graciousness is attributed to the Covenant of Redemption, in regard of both Parties transacting. It was pure Grace that determined both the Parties, and engaged them both; the Father to send, and the Son to come. And this Grace was equally in both the Parties, and did shine equally and by way of efficiency in them both. Zech. 6:13, The counsel of peace was between them both.

 

February 9

     Another Property of the Covenant of Redemption, is Eternity.

     1. Both the Parties are eternal, the eternal God who is from everlasting to everlasting, Deut. 33:27, and the eternal Son of God, whose eternal power and Godhead, Rom. 1:20, is equal with God his Father, Phil. 2:6. And who shall declare his generation? Isa. 53:8. John 1:1-2, In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God, the same was in the beginning with God. Rev. 1:8, I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, saith the Lord; which is, which was, and which is to come.    

     2. The union of the two natures in the Person of the Redeemer, which was transacted in this Covenant, is an eternal union. I mean, the human nature, which was from eternity designed unto a substantial union with God; being once assumed, stands in that substantial union forever; so that it is impossible that the personal union which was transacted in the Covenant of Redemption, can be dissolved unto all eternity: for 'tis unquestionable that Christ shall stand glorified in our nature in heaven forever; for even there is a throne for the man Christ, for the Lamb slain forever. Rev. 22:3, but the throne of God and of the Lamb shall be in it. Acts 17:31, Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.

     3. The New Covenant-relations which were established betwixt Jehovah and Christ, by this Covenant of Redemption, are eternal relations, which shall never cease. Heb. 1:5, For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son? This Covenant-relation (I say) whereby God is the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, and whereby he hath a new Sonship. 1 Pet. 1:3, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Even this, shall stand eternally; therefore Christ speaking of the promised glorious state of his people in heaven, doth four times own that Covenant-relation to his Father, even with respect to his and their being together in his Kingdom. Rev. 3:12, Him that overcometh, will I make a pillar in the temple of my God, and he shall go no more out: and I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, which is new Jerusalem, which cometh down out of heaven from my God; and I will write upon him my new name. And if our Covenant-relation to God which did spring out of his, shall stand, and not cease in our glorified state in heaven, much more his. Rev. 5:10, And hath made us unto our God kings and priests, and we shall reign on the earth. There the redeemed Musicians, that have the new song in their mouths, own their Covenant-relation to God, and the Covenant-compellation, our God, is a note in their new song.

     4. The offices, which Christ did take on by this Covenant, are eternal offices, such as shall never cease, and whereof he shall never be divested; that his Mediatory-office, his Kingdom and Priesthood, are partakers of the eternity of this Covenant, is plain Scripture. Luke 1:33, And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever, and of his kingdom there shall be no end. Heb. 1:8, But unto the Son, he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever, a scepter of righteousness is the scepter of thy kingdom. And 5:6, Thou art a priest for ever, after the order of Melchisedec. And 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

 

February 10

     The Covenant betwixt Jehovah and Christ, is an equal Covenant.

     1. This Covenant was betwixt parties equal. I do not say that the Man Christ, or Christ Mediator was equal with God; for in this respect there was an inferiority and subordination unto which Christ humbled himself, by giving his actual consent in this Covenant unto the designation of him to be the Person that should do the work of our Redemption; but considering Christ as the eternal Son of God, and antecedently to his actual consent to humble himself. Yea, and after that consent too, considering Christ the second Person as the natural Son of God, the parties transacting this Covenant were equal in Power, Greatness, Wisdom, Honor, etc., as hath been before showed from Phil. 2:6, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God. John 10:29-30, My Father which gave them me, is greater than all…..I and my Father are one.

     2. This Covenant was betwixt equal parties, when they stood in equal terms, and were at a perfect freedom to chose or refuse, to give consent to this Covenant or refuse it, as pleased either party. In the Covenant of Suretiship (whatsoever inequality and subordination was subsequent, by the tenor of this Covenant) at the time when it was transacted from eternity, the parties stood both on equal terms, and were at perfect freedom to transact or not, as pleased either. For this Covenant was not only consented to by Christ, a person equal with God; but by him being in the form of God, Phil. 2:6-7, that is, while he stood in equal terms with God, and was under no necessity to be found in the form of a servant, till he humbled himself, and made himself of no reputation, etc.        

     3. The design that acted both parties in this transaction, was equal; for it was one and the same. A design of love acted both the Father and the Son; the carrying on a purpose of Grace and design of love which God had laid upon his elect people, acted Jehovah in sending Christ to do this work of Redemption, and in making him Surety for his people. And the same design also acted Christ in his consenting to take our Law-place, and in his coming accordingly to act our part. John 3:16, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. With Gal. 2:20…..I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me.

     4. This Covenant of Suretiship was made upon equal or like conditions and terms.

       (a) There was an equality of Justice betwixt the conditions on the one part and the other. Punitive Justice could exact no more of man, by the curse of the broken Covenant, than that which Christ suffered as his Surety. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us.

        (b) There was an equality of proportion or merit betwixt the conditions required from, and performed by Christ, by virtue of this Covenant, and the conditions promised and performed unto Christ by this Covenant. John 17:4-5, I have glorified thee on the earth, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self. Phil. 2:7-8, But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of man. And being found in fashion as a man he humbled himself…..Wherefore God hath highly exalted him, etc.

     5. The advantage redounding to both parties by this Covenant is equal. I mean, the glory and honor of this transaction. I say of the Covenant of Suretiship, that though the profit is ours, and extendeth only to the redeemed people; yet the advantage of honor and glory, doth equally reach both the parties transacting in their own order. For thereby there is a peculiar honor of our Redemption and Salvation to God, the Author thereof, who gave Christ, and sent him to work this Redemption; and a peculiar honor to Christ Mediator, to the Lamb the grand Instrument that wrought it, and whose soul travailed in it. So that the honor accruing hereby is not peculiar to any one of the parties, but parted betwixt them. John 5:23, That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. Rev. 7:10, And cried with a loud voice, saying, Salvation unto our God which sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb.

 

February 11

     Another Property of the Covenant of Redemption, is order.

     1. His ordering and sending of a Saviour and Redeemer to fallen man.

     2. His ordering the things that the Person designed should do and suffer for purchasing this Redemption.

     3. His ordering the means whereby the purchased Redemption should be applied to the Redeemed people.

     4. His ordering the efficacy of means towards the ends purposed by him, that there might be no misgiving in all the matter.

     I comprehend God's ordering:

     1. That the satisfaction of Divine Justice shall be by a Surety.

     2. That the satisfaction of the Surety shall meet with, and fully come up to the demands of the Law and Covenant of works, by his obeying the command, and bearing the curse.

     3. That the Surety's satisfaction shall stand for the broken man's; he taking our Law-place upon him, and acting our part.

     4. That Justice shall be so satisfied, as mercy be also entreated. That the means and methods of Redemption, may answer the intent of God, to glorify these two attributes, Justice and Mercy, in Man's Redemption.

 

February 12

     Another Property of the Covenant of Redemption, is stability. God's Covenant with Christ is an immutable, inviolable transaction; and all the things therein concluded are firm and unalterable. Nothing thereof can fail.

     1. It is transacted in the unchangeable counsel of God's will, where all the decrees and conclusions are unalterable. Heb. 6:17, Wherein God willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise, the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath. Isa. 14:27, For the Lord of hosts hath purposed, and who shall disannul it?

     2. It must be an inviolable Covenant, being transacted betwixt two parties who have all imaginable Properties that can ensure their dealings and transactions, and render them firm.

        (a) Betwixt God unchangeable, with whom there is no variableness, nor shadow of turning, James 1:17. I am the Lord, I change not, Mal. 3:6. And Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever, Heb. 13:8.

       (b) It is betwixt God the strength of Israel, who is not as the son of man, that he should repent, 1 Sam. 15:29, who hath sworn to Christ, and will not repent, Heb. 7:21, and Christ Jesus, in whom all the promises of God are yea, and amen, 2 Cor. 1:20.

       (c) It is betwixt the true God, Jer. 10:10; the God of truth, Deut. 32:4; and Jesus Christ, who is the truth itself, John 14:6.

       (d) It is betwixt the faithful God which keepeth covenant, Deut. 7:9; who abideth faithful, and cannot deny himself, 2 Tim. 2:13; and Jesus Christ the faithful witness, Rev. 1:6.

     3. This must be a sure and inviolable Covenant, being a sworn confirmed Covenant; for God hath not only sworn and confirmed his Covenant with us, but he hath also confirmed this Covenant with an oath, and sworn to Christ. Psal. 89:35, Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. Heb. 7:21, For those priests were made without an oath, but this with an oath, by him that said unto him, The Lord sware, and will not repent; thou art a priest for ever, after the order of Melchisedec.

 

February 13

     There can be no place in either of the parties for unskillfulness nor rashness, in contriving or entering this eternal Compact, being the deed of parties, whose understanding cannot be searched out, Isa. 40:28; the depths whereof are to be admired, Rom. 11:33; O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God; whose foolishness is wiser than men! 1 Cor. 1:25; who doth all his matters by counsel and eternal deliberation, Eph. 1:11, who worketh all things after the counsel of his will. Is there place in either of the parties for unrighteousness? Rom. 3:5-6, Is God unrighteous? God forbid: nor for inconstancy or unfaithfulness or any other thing that is contrary to Covenant-keeping. Nor is there any weakness or wearying in either of the parties to perform their undertaking, against discouragement and opposition that stands in the way of per-forming what is mutually engaged. No such thing is incident to Jehovah. Luke 1:37, For with God nothing shall be impossible. Isa. 40:28, The Creator of the ends of the earth fainteth not, neither is weary. Nor can Christ Mediator be impeached of such things. Isa. 42:4, He shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment on the earth; and the Isles shall wait for his law. And 63:1…..travailing in the greatness of his strength: I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.

February 14

     But it is plain Scripture that it was not Christ God that was Mediator and Surety; but Christ God-man. 1 Tim. 2:5, For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus. Heb. 7:22, By so much was Jesus made surety of a better testament. 1 Tim. 3:16, And without controversy, great is the mystery of godliness, God was manifested in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory. Gal. 4:4, But when the fullness of time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law. Rom. 8:3, For what the law could not do in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh.

     Christ God-man in one person, having man's nature that offended, united into a personal union with the Godhead; was thereby fitted so to stand in our place, and upon our side, as a party different from God, that he might therein satisfy wrath, and therein merit by making a full and real compensation to offended Justice. Christ God-man, who makes the satisfaction as he is God, being one with the Father, while he satisfies the Father's Justice, satisfies his own. But as he is God-man, being a party different from the Father, he is by the Sovereignty of free Grace given to be a Surety. And the satisfaction which he makes in our Nature as our Surety, is accepted by his Father, as by another party.

February 15

     By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and Christ, What should be the Redeemer's work; or what should be the price that he should pay, and the satisfaction that he should make to divine Justice.

     1. That Christ shall take upon him our Law-place and room, and in order to that his taking our nature upon him, that Justice might reach him in our stead and place. Gal. 4:4, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law.

     2. That Christ as our Surety should die, and lay down his life for us, that he should pay for us the whole sum that was owing; even all that the Law and Justice could exact of the broken man. John 10:18, No man taketh it from me; but I lay it down of myself. Rom. 8:3, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us.

     3. That the payment and satisfaction that should be made to Justice, by our Surety in our nature, and in our room, should be accepted as our payment, and as a condign price for our right to Heaven. Heb. 9:15, And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.

     4. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and Christ, what should be the term of paying this price, and making this satisfaction to Justice. A time and term-day is condescended upon, such as seemed fit to infinite wisdom to appoint, Gal. 4:2, 4…..until the time appointed of the Father......but when the fulness of the time was come. Heb. 9:10-11, until the time of reformation. But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come. Dan. 9:26, And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off; but not for himself. I say, though the price was agreed upon from eternity; yet God in his wisdom thought fit to put off the time of actual paying this price, till the Redeemer that should come out of Zion should be long waited for. Luke 2:38…..and spake of him to all them that looked for redemption in Jerusalem. But though the payment was suspended till the fullness of time; yet neither Christ's acting as Mediator, nor the force of the blood of this Covenant; but in contemplation of the price to be paid at the time appointed by the Father, he was the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world, Rev. 13:8.

     5. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and Christ, how the Redemption wrought by him should be applied.   

     6. By this Covenant it was agreed betwixt Jehovah and Christ, what should be the reward and wages that he should have for this great Service, for working the work of our Redemption.

        (a) That he should have a seed, and a people; that for all his labor he might have a redeemed people. When he had his reward and satisfaction at his own asking, he made the redeemed ones, his end, his asking, his satisfaction; this was the result of his transcendent love, that he might be Immanuel, God with us; that he might enjoy his poor worthless people. Isa. 53:10-11, Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him, he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied.

        (b) That he might have a Crown to himself; I mean, a peculiar glory of being Lord Mediator and Redeemer, and of working this great work. And this he had in Heaven before the foundation

of the world, even since the eternal designation and destination of him unto this work; for thenceforward he was the Lamb of God slain from the foundation of the world, Rev. 13:8. And was set up from everlasting, Prov. 8:23, and was glorified with the Father, not only with the essential glory that is common to all the three persons, which was obscured in his humiliation for the work of Redemption; but also with a peculiar glory, as Lord Mediator, which he had with him before the world began, John 17:5. And this glory he shall have in Heaven, throughout eternity. Even after the last Judgment, there shall be in Heaven a peculiar throne, and glory following, and a peculiar song to the Lamb; whereof read Rev. 22:3, 7, 10, 17, and 5:9.

        (c) That he might have a crown and throne for each of these redeemed ones, whom he took for a satisfaction to his soul. Their crown, and throne, and robes was part of the reward and wages that he wrought for, and asked of his Father. John 17:24, Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am, that they may behold my glory which thou hast given me. And 14:3, I will come again and receive you unto myself, that where I am, there ye may be also. Luke 12:32, Fear not little flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom. Rev. 3:21, To him that overcometh will I grant to sit in my throne with me; even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne.

 

February 16

     Although it was eminent pure Grace that made the Covenant of Redemption; yet the conditions thereof required from Christ, were works. It was doing, not believing, that was required of him. Rom. 5:19, By the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. John 9:4, I must work the works of him that sent me.

     If we keep the Law, we are not obliged to suffer. Gen. 2:17, But of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it; for in the day thou eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die. But Christ by the conditions of the Covenant of Redemption,

     1. He is a full doer and obedient fulfiller of the commands thereof in all points. Matt. 3:15, For thus it behoveth us to fulfil all righteousness.

     2. He fully suffers the penalty of that Covenant, and satisfies for the broken commands thereof. Isa. 53:5-6, He was wounded for our transgressions......The Lord laid upon him the iniquity of us all. Hence,

     3. By the conditions of this Covenant which he performed, he had right to Law-justification, and life eternal, even by the Law of works. For the righteousness which he wrought was perfect Law-righteousness, though the imputation of it to us be an act of Grace; and our receiving it by faith, make it Gospel-righteousness to us. 1 John 1:7, But if we walk in the light as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin. Compared with Rom. 4:5, But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.

 

February 17

     Whatsoever he undertook to do, whether in his own person, or in his people; for carrying on, and perfecting the work of Redemption from beginning to end, must be part of the conditions required at his hand; whereof read Psal. 40:6-11, compared with Heb. 10:5-11; all which may be summed up in six comprehensive Heads.

     1. Christ's accepting the grand charge of this work of Redemption, even the Mediatory-office that was put upon him; he receives the keys of the house of David, the trust: and weight of the lost, but elect world; and all the burden and care of them is devolved upon him, with this office. Isa. 22:22, 24, And the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder; so he shall open, and none shall shut; and he shall shut, and none shall open.....And they shall hang upon him all the glory of his father's house, the offspring and the issue; all  vessels of small quantity, from the vessels of cups, even to all the vessels of flagons.

     2. His taking our nature upon him, and that not in its primitive virgin integrity, but when it was at the worst; it was a condition of this Covenant, that Christ should humble himself to take on him the likeness of sinful flesh, Rom. 8:3, that he should take the same nature that offended divine Justice, even the same flesh and blood, whereof the children are partakers, and no other, Heb. 2:14.

     3. His taking our Law-place, was another condition. Not our nature only, but our Law-place and room; that is, to put his Soul in our soul's stead, that the Law of God might reach him, who otherwise could not be reached by the Law; and that Divine Justice executing the curse and penalty of the Law, might smite him, as the guilty man being by his own consent, and his bond of Suretiship become legally the debtor and sinner (though not intrinsically). Gal. 4:4, made under the law, and made sin for us, 2 Cor. 5:21, though he knew no sin.

     4. His acting our part in a real manner. He came upon the stage to represent our person. And in our nature and Law-place he really acted our part; and this was another condition required of him, who perfectly obeyed the command of the Law, and suffered the threatening thereof for us, even all that Justice had threatened to inflict upon the offender and transgressor of the Law. Gal. 3:13, he was made a curse for us, Isa. 53:5, the chastisement of our peace was upon him, etc.

     5. His taking a new Covenant-right unto God his own Father, and not to God only, but to heaven, and glory, and all the New-covenant blessings, whereby the Covenant-right and rites of his redeemed people might be consolidated in him, as their head; and whereby he might forever carry their names and interests before his Father, as being there represented by him. Psal. 89:26, He shall cry unto me, Thou art my Father, my God, and the rock of my salvation. Heb. 2:11, 13, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified, are all of one; for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren.....And again, I will put my trust in him; and again, Behold I, and the children which thou hast given me. And 9:24, For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us.

     6. His effectual application of the Redemption purchased by his Suretiship unto all his redeemed ones. And under this, I comprehend Christ's undertaking for the pouring out of the Spirit, to send to them his Spirit, to draw them to him, to cause them to believe and receive his Surety-righteousness, to keep them in his favor and love, to cause them to persevere, to present them perfected, and without spot to God. John 15:26, But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me. John 12:32, And if I be lifted up from the earth, I will draw all men unto me. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me shall come to me: and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. John 6:39-40, And this is the Father's will that hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me, I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day. And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life, and I will raise him up at the last day. John 14:3, And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and receive you unto myself, that where I am, there ye may be also.

 

February 18

     But if ye inquire after the formal condition of the Covenant of Suretiship; I say it was his whole obedience active and passive, even unto death, Phil. 2:8, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.

     Christ was under a special explicit command for the performance of this condition of laying down his life; as is clear from John 10:18, and Christ was under a special act to obey this command, as himself acknowledges. Heb. 10:7, Then said I, Lo I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.

     The Father of our Lord Jesus Christ states the condition of this Covenant upon this eminent solemn act of his obedience, even his making his soul an offering for sin, etc.

     Our Lord Jesus Christ himself does own this as the special condition of his Covenant of Suretiship; and that both at his entering into the world. Heb. 10:5, 7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldst not; but a body hast thou prepared me....Then said I, Lo I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. And about, or at the time of his leaving the world, when he had fulfilled, or was  about to fulfill all his undertaking and conditions to his Father, John 17:4, I have glorified thee on the earth, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. With 19:30, When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished, and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.

 

February 19

     The first kind of promises made to Christ in the Covenant of Redemption, were such as relate to the offices, authorities, trusts and powers that were covenanted to him, for the doing of this work.

     1. I say, Jehovah promiseth to invest Christ with offices suitable to that great work of Redemption, to make him Lord Mediator of the new Covenant; to make him great Lord Ambas-sador, that he might go and travail in that business of our Redemption; to make him a King, a Priest, and a Prophet, for effecting this business.

     2. God did not only promise to invest Christ with offices and trusts; but with authorities and powers also, with headship and power of Judgment over Men and Angels, that shall make them all bow to him. Rom. 14:10-11, We shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ; for it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God. He was not a titular King or Priest, nor a scenic one, a King upon a stage, but a King upon a throne. Luke 1:32-33, And the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David. And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever, and of his kingdom there shall be no end. A King that had power to bow the hearts of his Subjects, and to crush the greatest Heads and Rulers in the world that oppose him. Psal. 110:3, 5-6, Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power…..The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath. He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill the places with the dead bodies, he shall wound the heads over many countries. A person in offices, who had all judgment committed unto him, who had power given him over all flesh, John 17:2, and all power in heaven and earth, Matt. 28:18. This was he to whom all the honorable offices and absolute powers of his Father's house was promised, that he might act and give orders, and set up, and put down, and none to control him. Isa. 22:22, 24, And the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder; so he shall open, and none shall shut, and he shall shut, and none shall open.

     3. I say, the Lord Mediator had all these offices and authorities by Covenant. The Lord promised to him, and covenanted with him to give him these offices, for doing the work of Redemption. Therefore we read Psal. 89 that Christ (who there is called David) is constituted a King by Covenant, v. 3-4, and by what Covenant? even by that Covenant whereby the help of God's elect people was laid upon him, v. 19. And this was the Covenant of Suretiship and Redemption. And in the same place we read of the standing fast of God's Covenant with him, v. 28, even that Covenant whereby he was made higher than the Kings of the earth, v. 27. And again, we find the same Covenant whereby he had a lasting Kingdom sworn with him, v. 34-35, My covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips: Once have I sworn by my holiness that I will not lie unto David. To the same purpose also, there is an oath interposed with the promise of his Priesthood, to show that he was in that office by a more unalterable Covenant than that which was made with Levi. Mal. 2:5, My covenant with him was of life and peace; compared with Heb. 7:21, For those priests were made without an oath; but this with an oath, by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever.

 

February 20 

     The second kind of Promises made to Christ, are such as relate to the gifts, endowments, and habitual furniture which was necessary unto the man Christ, for performing this great work; he had an instrumental fitness for this extraordinary work. Isa. 11:2-4, And the spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge, and of the fear of the Lord. And shall make him of quick understanding in the fear of the Lord: and he shall not judge after the sight of his eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears. But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth: and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked.

 

February 21

     The third kind of Promises made by Jehovah to Christ, and covenanted to him, were such as relate to his actual support in the execution of this office, and performing of the work which he undertook; for the man Christ being a creature, needed more than habitual Grace, and anointing with gifts for such a work, there was a necessity that he should not act independently, without influence from God. And to this kind of promises may be referred the promises of heavenly influences to all the acts of his Mediatory-office, and his Surety-obedience. So that as the man Christ needed the Spirit and Influences, these were ensured by Covenant unto him; so that it was impossible that the man Christ could sin, or come short in performing all his Father's pleasure (as Adam sinned, and fell short of the command), having actual influences ensured unto him, as well as habitual Grace. Hence he saith of himself, John 16:32 and 8:16, I am not alone. It was impossible that he could be left alone of his Father; and to him was the promise made, Isa. 11:12, The spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him. The Spirit and heavenly influences, were his constant companions. Isa. 50:4, He wakeneth morning by mornings, he wakeneth mine ear to hear as the learned. The promise of help, strength, support, and assistance, which are the immediate effects of actual influences, and in which the heavenly influences of the Spirit have a proper efficiency and causality. There is a divine furniture of strength and assistance promised to him in the discharge of his office, and in every act of his obedience. Isa. 42:6, I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee. Psal. 89:21, With whom my hand shall be established, mine arm also shall strengthen him. The promise of confirming Grace: the man Christ had the promise of the same confirming Grace in his obedience, and office, and covenant-state of favor, which is now given to the elect angels in Christ their head. Isa. 42:4, He shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment in the earth. To him is the promise made, that he shall never be bowed nor broken; he shall not be turned off his work nor his way, by anything that he can meet with.

February 22

     This kind of Promise is made to Christ-man, to encourage him (as Mr. Roberts observes)

     1. Against the utmost extremity of his sufferings, when he should make his soul an offering for sin, when the wakened up sword of divine Justice should smite him. Zech. 13:7, Awake O sword against my shepherd, etc., and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts. Though he was forsaken for a time, and wanted influences of consolation, and felt-fruition of the presence of God, Psal. 22:1; Matt. 27:45; yet these promises were verified to him, and God stood by him with influence of strength, support, assistance, and preservation in all his Mediatory-administrations, till he said, the work is finished, John 19:30. Psal. 22:9, But thou art he that took me out of the womb, thou didst make me to hope when I was upon my mother's breasts.

     2. Against all oppositions and enemies: There was much opposition made to Christ, and many were against him. But against all the rage, plots, combinations of Jews and Gentiles, the Lord stood by him, and set up his Kingdom. Psal. 2:2, 6, The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together against the Lord, and against his anointed…..Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion. Acts 4:27-28, For of a truth against the holy child Jesus, whom thou hast anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles and the people of Israel were gathered together, for to do whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done.      

     3. Against the deepest discouragements that he should meet with in the discharge of his office: He is supported by these promises made to him, and accordingly he encourageth himself. Isa. 49:4-6, Then said I, I have laboured in vain, I have spent my strength for naught, and in vain; yet surely my judgment is with the Lord, and my work with my God. And now, saith the Lord that formed me from the womb to be his servant, to bring Jacob again to him: Though Israel be not gathered; yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord, and my God shall be my strength. And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldst be my servant to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the perserved of Israel; I will also give thee for a light of the Gentiles, that thou mayst be my salvation unto the end of the earth.

 

February 23

     The fourth kind of Promises made by Jehovah unto Christ in the Covenant of Redemption, were such as relate to the successfulness and prospering of the work of Redemption in his hand.

     1. The promise of God's making Christ the man of his right hand; and that not only in respect of special love and honor, but especially in respect of instrumentality; whereby God promises to make him the main Instrument of action, that should be made serviceable to his ends in the work of Redemption. Psal. 80:17, Let thy hand be upon the man of thy right hand, upon the Son of man whom thou madest strong for thyself.

     2. The promise of a successful issue of his undertakings: the Lord covenanted to Christ, and giveth to him assurances that he shall effect the work which he undertaketh; as if Jehovah had been Surety for this, he strikes hands with him, that he shall go and prosper. Isa. 53:10, The pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand…...He shall see of the travail of his soul…...by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many.

     3. The promises of victories over all his enemies: the Lord covenanteth with Christ, that whosoever maketh opposition to him in any of his offices, in any part of his work, of working Redemption and Salvation for his elect people, shall be trodden down, and shall fall before him. Psal. 110:1, 5-6, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath. He shall judge among the heathen, he shall fill the places with the dead bodies, he shall wound the heads over many countries.

     4. The promises of triumph: God covenanted with him, not only to give him the victory, but a most glorious public triumph over Principalities and Powers, and all oppositions and enemies to his kings. Isa. 53:12, Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong. Eph. 4:8, Wherefore he saith, When he ascended up on high, he led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men. Col. 2:15, And having spoiled principalities and powers, he made a shew of them openly, triumphing over them in it. It was in the faith of these Promises made to Christ concerning his Father's standing by him in this work, and crowning it with success in his hand, that he put on that holy hardness against all opposition, and walked as unconcerned who stood in his way, since his Father was with him, engaged by so solemn an act of promise and covenant made with him. Isa. 50:6-9, I gave my back to the smiters, and my cheeks to them that plucked off the hair: I hid not my face from shame and spitting. For the Lord God will help me; therefore shall I not be confounded; therefore have I set my face like a flint, and I know that I shall not be ashamed. He is near that justifieth me, who will contend with me? let us stand together; who is mine adversary? let him come near to me. Behold, the Lord God will help me, who is he that shall condemn me? lo, they all shall wax old as a garment, the moth shall eat them up.

 

February 24

     The fifth kind of Promises made by Jehovah to Christ in the Covenant of Redemption, were those that relate unto his Father's acceptance of the travail of his soul in this work of our Redemption.

     1. Whatsoever was spoken to him of his Father's delegation, and taking pleasure in the person of Christ God-man, and in his Mediatory transactions; all delight ariseth from suitableness, and this from Christ's suitableness unto the Lord's ends, and the service unto which he was chosen, and his suitable actings unto these ends. Luke 3:21-22, Now when all the people were baptized, it came to pass that Jesus also being baptized, and praying, the heaven was opened: And the Holy Ghost descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him, and a voice came from heaven, which said, Thou art my beloved Son, in thee I am well-pleased.

     2. The promise of gracious acceptance to whatsoever he should ask or request, on the behalf of his Redeemed ones, within the time of Grace. Isa. 49:8, Thus saith the Lord, In an acceptable time have I heard thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee. John 11:41-42, Father, I thank thee that thou hast heard me: And I knew that thou hearest me always. Heb. 5:7, Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications, with strong crying and tears, unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared.

     3. The Promise of Justification: there was some sort of Justification covenanted to him, which he eyeth, and wherewith he encouraged himself under hard and reproachful usage. Isa. 50:8, He is near that justifieth me, who will contend with me? and accordingly it is said of him, 1 Tim. 3:16, he was justified in the Spirit; and though he was not capable of remission of sin, and justification from intrinsicale guilt; for he had none, being holy, harmless, undefiled, and separate from sinners, Heb. 7:26, because he had done no violence; neither was there any deceit in his mouth, Isa. 53:7. Yet justification is promised to him, and he is said to be justified,

       (a) Because he was a perfect doer and obeyer of the Law. 1 John 1:7, But if we walk in the light as he is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleanseth us from all sin. Christ did in all things give consummate and perfect obedience to the Law: and this is to be justified by a Law-justification and title to life, which Adam should have had; if he had obeyed the Law and Covenant of works.

       (b) When his cause is justified, he himself is formally justified, in respect of these sins for which he undertook to satisfy: the cause that he stood for in the Covenant of Redemption, the action is win in Law that he stood for, and that was his elect people's cause, for whom he stood when Justice smote him. He is justified and acquitted from our sins, though he had none of his own. Rom. 6:9, knowing that Christ being raised from the dead, dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him.

       (c) He is justified as a public person (though in no private capacity) as head of the party whom he represented, and whose Law-place he took upon him, as one who personated and acted the part of another by allowance and warrant of Law. Heb. 2:10, 13, For it became him for whom are all things, and by whom are all things, in bringing many sons unto glory, to make the captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings…..And again, I will put my trust in him; and again, Behold, I, and the children which God hath given me.

       (d) He is justified declaratively, in regard that he was declared by a Law-act and Judicial-declaration, to be Jesus the righteous, 1 John 2:1, who had satisfied the Law. Rom. 1:4, And declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead; he was declared justified by his resurrection, even as he was declared condemned by his death.

       (e) He is justified by cancelling his bond of Suretiship which he gave to Jehovah, and now having completely satisfied for our debts, which was the intent of that bond of Suretiship, the right is cancelled, according to the manner of the Creditor's delivering back the bond to the Debtor when it is satisfied. And thus we are to conceive, when he blotted out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, Col. 2:14, that he had then a discharge of his bond of Suretiship for our debt; for his bond could not lie for our debt, when ours was cancelled.

       (f) He is justified, because it is acted and recorded in the volume of the book of the written word, that he hath fulfilled what was written of his undertaking in the book of God's eternal Decrees, and in this sense a person may be said to be justified, who being acted in the record of a book to perform anything, or to pay any debt, or to become bail for any person, when it is thereafter also recorded of him, that he satisfied and performed his undertaking. And thus we find that his undertaking and suretiship that was recorded ere he came into the world. Psal. 40:6, Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire, mine ears hast thou opened, burnt offering and sin offering hast thou not required, etc., is also recorded of him to have been satisfied by him, when he came into the world. Heb. 10:5-7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldst not, but a body hast thou prepared me. In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure. Then said I, Lo I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.        

     (g) He is justified, because he is openly relaxed and dismissed after that he had entered his person for payment of the broken man's debt: the Debtor being under lash and execution of Law at the Creditor's pursuit, and let go again, is justified and acquitted. And thus was Christ judicially and by authority of God loosed from death, from the Prison and Fetters, because the Prison could not hold him, nor the gripes and fetters of death detain him Prisoner, when the Sentence of the Law was satisfied, and the Judge declared him free. Acts 2:24, Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death, because it was not possible that he should be holden of it; 'Tis a Phrase like to that Psal. 105:20, The king sent and loosed him, even the ruler of the people, and let him go free. Rom. 6:9, Knowing that Christ being raised from the dead, dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him.

 

February 25

     The sixth kind of Promises made by Jehovah unto Christ, were these that relate to the reward that should be given to him for this great work and service in our Redemption. And such were,

     1. The promise of exaltation, after the debasement, and ignominy that he should humble himself unto, in the execution of his Suretiship, Jehovah covenanteth with him to advance him to the greatest height of dignity and honor that is in earth or heaven. Psal. 89:27, Also I will make him my firstborn, higher than the kings of the earth. Phil. 2:8, And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross; therefore God hath highly exalted him, etc. Heb. 1:3, When he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high.

     2. The promise of satisfaction, a reward that should satisfy him, a reward that should be according to his own heart, and at his own asking and craving. Isa. 53:11, He shall be satisfied. Psal. 2:8, Ask of me, and I shall give.

     3. The promise of a seed. Since a redeemed seed was one of Christ's ends for which he served; he endured hard labor, he suffered, he died: which, next unto the honor of God, was upon his heart. The Lord by Covenant with him, promiseth that he shall not want offspring, he shall neither want children nor heirs, he shall have the satisfaction, which he desired. Isa. 53:10-11, When thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed......He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. Heb. 2:13, Behold, I, and the children which God hath given me. Eph. 5:25-27, Christ also loved the Church, and gave himself for it, that he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word: That he might present it to himself a glorious Church, not having spot or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish. There is no more desirable sight to the eye of Christ, than to see all his Redeemed seed about him in his Father's house, fairly landed, and without the reach of all possible danger of perishing. John 17:24, Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where l am. Heb. 2:13, Behold, I, and the children which God hath given me. Then, there can be nothing more certain than the faith, perseverance and salvation of Christ's elect and redeemed seed; in regard it is both undertaken by Christ in his part of the Covenant of Suretiship, and promised to Christ by his Father; and so undertaken by Jehovah also, in the articles of the Covenant of Redemption.

     4. The promise of a large Dominion and Kingdom: the Lord promiseth to Christ, that a large and flourishing Kingdom shall be given him, over many countries, and that he shall have many subjects, and these conquering too, who shall stand last in the fields, and have a prosperous war until the day of their Redemption. Psal. 2:8, Ask of me, and I will give thee the heathen for thy inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession. Dan. 7:14, And there was given him dominion and glory, and a kingdom that all people, nations and languages should serve him; his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.

     5. The promise of glory, a peculiar glory in heaven, throughout eternity to the Lord Mediator and Redeemer, to the Lamb that was slain, who wrought this great and glorious work of our Redemption; this glory he craveth as his wages. John 17:4-5, I have glorified thee on earth, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do: And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self. This glory he eyed when he was at hard labor about the work. Isa. 49:4-5, Surely my judgment is with the Lord, and my work with my God.....Though Israel be not gathered; yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord, and my God shall be my strength. Heb. 12:2, Who for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross. This glory was promised to him. Zech. 6:13, He shall build the temple of the Lord, and he shall bear the glory. Isa. 22:24, And they shall hang upon him all the glory of his father's house; this glory is actually paid to him in heaven, where the Lamb has a throne. Rev. 22:3, But the throne of God, and of the Lamb, shall be in it. And 7:17, For the Lamb which is in the midst of the throne, shall feed them; where there is a new song sung unto the Lamb, Rev. 5:9-10, And they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof; for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood, out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation: And hast made us unto our God kings and priests, and we shall reign on the earth. Yea, and a crown and glory for his redeemed seed, was part of the reward promised to him, and for which he wrought. John 17:24, Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am, that they may behold my glory which thou hast given me. Luke 12:32, Fear not little flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom. 2 Pet. 5:4, And when the chief shepherd shall appear, ye shall receive a crown of glory.

 

February 26

     The last kind of Promises made by Jehovah to Christ, were these which relate to the whole design and intent of his Suretiship: And the great and public effects which it should produce in the whole frame of the creation, for the elect redeemed people's sake. And such were,

     1. The promise of delivery of the whole creation from bondage and vanity, unto which it was made subject for man's Sin, and whereof the whole world is sick, like a woman travailing in birth. Rom. 8:20-22, For the creature was made subject unto vanity, not willingly, but by reason of him that hath subjected the same in hope: Because the creature itself also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God: For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now.

     2. The promise of restoring all things to their primitive perfection: all things were broken, defaced and marred by man's sin; insomuch that the beauty of them all is gone, and nothing remains upon these inferior creatures, but the old ruins of glory. But there shall come a time of the restitution of all things, Acts 3:21, and who shall do this? Christ mends and makes all things new again by his Surety-covenant, that were broken by the rupture of the Covenant of works. Rev. 21:1, 5, And I saw a new heaven, and a new earth; for the first heaven, and the first earth were passed away, and there was no more sea.....And he that sat upon the throne said, Behold, I make all things new. 2 Pet. 3:13, Nevertheless, we according to his promise, look for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness.

     3. The promise of restoring the broken league that was betwixt man and the rest of the creatures in their original condition, when all obeyed Adam, and were dependent upon him; after the violation of which there was continual war and jarring betwixt man and the rest of the creatures. Sin did make a breach in the whole creation; when man sinned, all the creatures became enemies to him, and one to another; but now in Christ all the creatures are reconciled. Eph. 1:10, That in the dispensation of the fulness of times he might gather together in one, all things in Christ, both which are in heaven, and which are on earth, even in him. Hos. 2:18, And in that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of the field, and with the fowls of heaven, and with the creeping things of the ground; and I will break the bow, and the sword, and the battle out of the earth, and I will make them to lie down safely. By Christ's Suretiship and the Covenant-promises through him, the creatures are brought in a new league with man. Job 5:23, For thou shalt be in league with the stones of the field, and the beasts of the field shall be at peace with thee. Psal. 121:6, The sun shall not smite thee by day, nor the moon by night.

     4. The promise of removing the Law curse out of all dispensations, and writing the Gospel-blessing upon them, that all and every of them may be blessings in Christ to his Redeemed people. Deut. 28:4-5, Blessed shall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy ground, and the fruit of thy cattle, and the increase of thy kine; blessed shall be thy basket and thy store; that even the rods and chastisements, which are curses of the Law to the wicked, (Deut. 28:15-16, But it shall come to pass, if thou wilt not hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to observe to do all his commandments and statutes which I command thee this day, that all these curses shall come upon thee and overrun thee. Cursed shalt thou be in the city, and cursed shalt thou be in the field, etc.) should be covenanted-mercies, and written in the book of the Covenant of Grace to God's elect people. Psal. 89:30, 31, 33, If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments; If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments, then wilt I visit their iniquity with the rod.....Nevertheless, my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail.  Heb. 12:6, For whom the Lord loveth, he chaseneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth.

     5. The promise of establishing and settling all things that were set a reeling by the breach of the Covenant of works: it is promised that Christ shall be the repairer. It is he that establishes the earth, so that the creatures that are for man's use, are not destroyed, for Justice did require as speedy vengeance upon men, as it did upon the angels; and the Sentence had been executed immediately, had not the Covenant of Suretiship prevented it. And in this respect the very reprobate have some temporal advantage by way of Concomitancy, and for the elect’s sake. Isa. 49:8, Thus saith the Lord, In an acceptable time have I heard thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee. Col. 1:17, And by him all things consist. Heb. 1:3, Upholding all things by the word of his power. All these, and promises of like nature, were made to Christ the first heir, whom God appointed heir of all things. Heb. 1:2, and for his sake they redounded unto them who shall be heirs of salvation, Heb. 1:14 And it is upon this very account that the whole creation are commanded to sing, because Christ the restorer of all things, is come to the throne. Psal. 96:11-13, Let the heavens rejoice, and let the earth be glad: let the sea roar and the fulness thereof. Let the field be joyful, and all that is therein: then shall all the trees of the wood rejoice before the Lord, for he cometh; for he cometh to judge the earth; he shall judge the world with righteousness, and the people with his truth. And 98:7-9, Let the sea roar, and the fulness thereof: the world, and they that dwell therein. Let the floods clap their hands, let the hills be joyful together before the Lord, for he cometh to judge the earth; with righteousness shall he judge the world, and the people with equity.

     6. The promise of the respective eminent change of the Government from the sole essential Government of Jehovah, to; the dispensatory Government of the Mediator. John 5:22, For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son. 1 Cor. 15:25, For he must reign till he hath put all enemies under his feet; for supposing that, the Covenant of works shall be broken, the world cannot now any more be ruled according to the rules of that Covenant, to wit, by God the Father immediately; for then he must destroy man. Therefore together with the change of the Covenant, there must needs be a change of the Government. Christ as Mediator must govern the world. Isa. 9:6, The government shall be upon his shoulder: and he must judge the world in our nature. Acts 17:31, The man whom God hath appointed: and he reigns not only over the Church; but also (though in a far different way) over all the Kingdoms of the world, and all things in the world, for the Church's sake. Eph. 1:21-22, Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come. And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the Church. Heb. 2:5-8, For unto the angels hath he not put in subjection the world to come, whereof we speak…..Thou madest him a little lower than the angels; and thou crownedst him with glory and honour, and didst set him over the works of thy hands. Thou hast put all things in subjection under his feet; for in that he put all in subjection under him, he left nothing that is not put under him: But now we see not yet all things put under him.

     7. The promises of the service of all the world, and of all the creatures God promiseth, and will have the services of all the creatures brought about; first, to Christ, and then to him by Christ. He hath the service of all the world promised him, and indeed he paid for it; for he bought it with a price; the service of some as sons to live with him, and enjoy him for ever. Psal. 110:3, Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness, from the womb of the morning.

 

February 27

     God would dispense nothing of himself unto the creatures, but by his Son. And through his Covenant with him, and with us, he purposed to communicate himself to us. 1 John 5:11, And this is the record, that God hath given to us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. And 1:3, And truly our fellowship is with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ.

 

February 28

     In the Covenant of Suretiship he taketh our Law-place and room, and putteth himself in the sinner's stead (as hath been said). Heb. 10:7, Lo, I come; to do thy will. And again, in the Covenant of Reconciliation, we take Christ's Law-place, or rather have bestowed upon us that place and room with God, which the Law allowed to him that obeyeth the Law, and satisfieth the Law to the full. Hence 'tis said, that we are made the righteousness of God in him, 2 Cor. 5:21. This is our place by the Covenant of Reconciliation, to have that high righteousness of our Surety, unto which the Godhead gave excellency, and the righteousness of the law (is said) to be fulfilled in us, Rom. 8:4; to wit, the passive righteousness thereof, in suffering for the breach of the Law: and how was this? only by commutation and exchange of places with Christ our Surety, who put himself in our place, and put us in his.

 

February 29

     The connection of the Covenants of Redemption and Reconciliation may be illustrated by a similitude or two. It is as if a deed of favor were drawn for children and heirs not yet born, and the whole conveyance settled, how that deed of favor shall redound unto the benefit of children not yet born, which in due time by the wisdom of the contriver takes place and becomes actually profitable to those for whom it was intended. The Covenant of Redemption is the wise contrivance of this deed of favor to a seed given to Christ, but not yet created; and the Covenant of Reconciliation is the conveyance by which the favor intended for this elect people takes place.

     Or, as if a marriage were concluded by a wise father betwixt his only son, and a person wholly under his power at his disposing; but now underage, not marriageable, nor capable to give consent to such a contract as were drawn up; but the knowledge of this is kept up from the bride a great while, but at last the bridegroom makes proposals according to his father's concluded contract, and gains the bride's heart and consent to the intended match. This matter is all of a piece, and every part of it connected with another. But the first part is the work of the Covenant of Redemption betwixt Jehovah and Christ: And the latter part is the work of the Covenant of Reconciliation betwixt God and Sinners.

     Or as if a King upon paction with his Son should grant a fair Charter with many privileges, to persons who yet know nothing of the King's favor, the actual communication of these privileges being suspended till the King's Son actually own these persons for his Subjects, and they actually own him for their Lord. The Covenant made with Christ is the fair Charter: the Covenant made with us is the mutual owning betwixt the King's Son, and the persons to whom the favors and privileges of the great Charter of Redemption was intended.

March 1

     The original and foundation of God's Covenant-dealings with us, is an eternal compact betwixt Jehovah and Christ, and had not its beginning and rise from our first thoughts of that business, when we begun to entertain the news of a Saviour, and of Redemption by him. It bred not in our breasts, but was under deliberation betwixt God and Christ long before ever it entered into our hearts. Heb. 6:17-18, Wherein God, willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his will, confirmed it by an oath: That by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might have strong consolation, who have fled for refuge, to lay hold upon the hope set before us. O how comfortable and strengthening is this to the weak Believer, that eternal Covenant-love, Covenant-dealings, and Covenant-relations and engagements, begin at the head Christ, fall first upon him, and descend to his redeemed seed.

 

March 2

     The same love of the Father and of Christ, which now hath appeared and broken forth, in drawing thee into this new Covenant-state. Jer. 31:3, The Lord hath appeared of old unto me, saying, I have loved thee with an everlasting love, therefore with lovingkindness have I drawn thee; hath been in action for thee and about thee in eternity, when thou wast not. Prov. 8:23, 31, I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was…..Rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth, and my delights were with the sons of men. How should that support faith, and comfort assure our hearts, that the love of God and of Christ did provide a rich inheritance for us when we were not yet created, and did provide a physician before we fell sick: who had a Redeemer in readiness, before the fall of Man, which he foresaw: who provided a Surety before he was needed, to be in readiness to strike hands for our Debt; that Christ spoke kindly for us, when we were not present: that he took our case in hand undesired: that he undertook for us when we had neither being, nor action, nor vote, nor knowledge of his undertaking.

 

March 3

     Our Redemption and Salvation hath so very little of our will in it, and so much of God's Will, and that of Grace, so much of his gracious Will, or of the good pleasure of his will, Eph. 1:5. Being now by the Covenant of Suretiship, the will of the Father and of Christ, without our knowledge or consent, or any act of our will. John 6:39, And this is the Father's will that hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day. With 17:24, Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am. And there is now no more of our will in all the business, but so much as is captivated, bowed and carried after God's will. Phil. 2:13, For it is God that worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure. Psal. 110:3, Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power. And how sweet and comfortable is it, that Salvation is by the Covenant of Suretiship, taken off the mutable will of man, the slippery yea and nay of man's free-will, and laid upon the immutability of his counsel, Heb. 6:17, and will, with whom there is no variableness! Rom. 9:15, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion. James 1:18, Of his own will begat he us with the word of truth.

March 4

     By the Covenant of Suretiship, the fountain and well-spring of Life, and Salvation, and of all the influences that must needs act us toward it, lay out of ourselves, and are placed in Christ. Psal. 8:7, All my springs are in thee. Col. 3:3, Your life is hid with Christ in God. The Well-head of Life to Adam was in himself; and that which was placed in himself went dry. He had no other Fountain whence he had assurance to draw and fetch any more: but by Christ's Suretiship, the spring of Life and Salvation to us is placed in him, which makes it indefectible to us. And O how sweet is that to the believer, that his Salvation is fountained in Christ! Thus when his water fails within, he needs do no more but turn the water cock of Faith that is in his own heart, and take in fresh supplies from Jesus, the resurrection and the life. John 11:25; Isa. 27:3, Lest any hurt it, I will keep it night and day: I will water it every moment. John 4:14, The water that I shall give him, shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life. John 14:19, Because I live, ye shall live also.

 

March 5

     The Covenant of Suretiship, our Rights and Charters, I mean the promises not of Heaven and Salvation only, but of all our concernments, are in a surer hand than our own, and under better keeping. For now by that Covenant they are in Christ's keeping, to whom the promises are made. Gal. 3:16, Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. He is the first heir of all things, Heb. 1:2, to whom the first title and right to the promises, which are our Charters, doth belong. They were first his, before they were ours. Yea, and he was the first possessor too; upon Christ did all the acts of God's Covenant-love to us fall first. Acts. 13:34, I give you the sure mercies of David. Most of the promises were made formally to Christ, even those which directly relate to our Calling, Justification, Salvation. Isa. 53:10-11, And the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. By his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many, for he shall bear their iniquities. And these that were not made formally to him, such as the promise of a new heart, a new spirit, remission of sins; yet these were made to him eminenter. They were laid down in him, and consigned in his hand. For Christ is not only the fountain and original cause of all the promises, who merited by his Blood, Remission, Righteousness and Life, which the Lord makes ours by free promise, but he is also the first subject of the promises. Christ receiveth all the Covenant-promises which are our Rights and Charters, and he keepeth them, and manageth them for our use, as may most tend to our good. Christ is made by his Suretiship, that excellent Ark which keepeth the tables of the Covenant, and the book of the Law and Covenant, Deut. 31:26; 1 Kings 8:9. How sweet and satisfying is it, that our Rights of Heaven is in such a Charter-chest, and in the hands of such a keeper, even under Christ's custody, who shall give a good account to his Father of all that is committed to him! John 17:12, Those whom thou gavest me I have kept, and none of them is lost: and whose keeping is in high account with all those who know him. 2 Tim. 1:12, For I know whom I have believed; and I am persuaded that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him against that day.

 

March 6

     His name is put in our Bond. For he wrote himself the sinner (legally,) and in the sinner's place under the Law accursed: and our name is put in the Writ of Justification given to him, and the new Law of Faith writes the believer righteous and blessed. 2 Cor. 5:21, For he hath made him to be sin for us who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him. Gal. 3:13-14, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree. That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles....through faith. Rom. 3:22, Even the righteousness of God, which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all, and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference.

 

March 7

     One Writ makes Christ the first Heir, and Son of the promise, and the Believer a younger brother coming in under Christ the first Heir. Psal. 89:27, Also I will make him my firstborn. Gal. 3:26, For ye are all the children of God, by faith in Christ Jesus. Rom. 8:17, And if children, then heirs, heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ. One Writ and letter of acquaintance dischargeth both Christ and the Believer from the curse and condemnation of the Law. Rom. 8:3-4, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh. That the righteousness of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit. O how comfortable and strengthening is this, that Christ and we are in one Writ, that our Covenant interests and relations to God, and all his and our concernments are thus bound up in one Writ! if his title to God, to Heaven, to promises, be good and valid, ours is so too. If he acquit and defend his own Charters, he doth the same for ours. Blessed are they who are united to him in this New Covenant-relation.

 

March 8

     By the Covenant of Suretiship, Christ is constituted the grand Instrument and Actor of all things that appertain to his people's Redemption and Salvation. And that not only of eternal Salvation and Redemption, which he alone brought unto his people. Heb. 5:9, And being made perfect, he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him. Heb. 9:15, And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they who are called, might receive the promise of eternal inheritance. Luke 1:68, Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, for he hath visited and redeemed his people: And of such part of that Redemption as is wrought within time. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him: but of whatsoever Salvation and other administrations are good for them in this life. And therefore we find that Christ was the grand Instrument, and had an active hand in the deliverance of his people from all afflictions and oppressions in all ages. Isa. 63:5, 9, And I looked, and there was none to help, and I wondered that there was none to uphold: therefore mine own arm brought salvation unto me, and my fury it upheld me.....In all their afflictions he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them, and in his love and in his pity he redeemed them, and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old. It was Christ the Angel of the Covenant, Mal. 3:1, who delivered Jacob from all evil, Gen, 48:16. It was he who brought the people out of Egypt, and said to Moses, And now come, I will send thee unto Egypt. He it was who appeared unto Moses in the bush, and made him a ruler and a deliverer, Acts 7:32, 34-35. It was he that brought the people out of Babylon, and built the temple. Zech. 6:12-13, Behold the man whose name is the Branch, and he shall grow up out of his place, and he shall build the temple of the Lord. Even he shall build the temple of the Lord, and he shall bear the glory, etc. If the temporal Salvation of the Church and people of God lay upon men, how cold a comfort were that? Isa. 59:16, And he saw that there was no man, and wondered that there was no intercessor. Psal. 142:4, I looked on my right hand, and beheld and there was no man that would know me: refuge failed me, and there was no man cared for my soul. And if the working of that part of our Salvation which the Lord hath made the Believer's Duty, and hath commanded him to do for his own soul, if that lay upon us alone, how heavy would it prove? Phil. 2:12, Work out your own salvation with fear and trembling. But O how warm, how comfortable is it, what a support to faith, that Christ is by his Suretiship engaged to work all manner of Salvation for his people, and to become the grand instrument, and chief actor thereof! Isa. 63:1, 3, I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save.....I have trodden the winepress alone, and of the people there was none with me. Phil. 2:13, For it is God that worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure. Heb. 12:2, Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith.

March 9

     By the Covenant of Suretiship, all the hard conditions lay upon Christ. All that the Law requires of Man condition-ways: he was made under the law, Gal. 4:4, that we might not be under the law, but under grace, Rom. 6:14. O how sweet and comfortable is it to the poor weak Believer, who finds himself so very insignificant a creature at all Covenant-conditions, to know that by Christ's Suretiship,

     1. He did take upon him all conditions which the law requires of man, to abide in everything that it requires. The Believer is yet under the commands of the Law; but I say not under the conditions thereof. For it is not to him a Covenant. Christ also did bear the curse of the Law, but that which the Believer suffers even of the things that were sometimes written in the book of the Law, are now written in the book of Covenant-mercies.

     2. Christ did take upon him all the conditions that are works, and nothing rests to the believer condition-wise, but that which is grace. Rom. 4:16, Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace. It's true, the Believer yet worketh, and is created unto good works, Phil. 2:10, but all working condition-ways, was upon Christ by his Suretiship. 

     3. The principal and most significant condition of Redemption, Salvation, and all Covenant-blessings and privileges promised to us, is Christ's doing his part of the Covenant of Suretiship; his laying down his life. This was not only a condition of the reward that was to be given to Christ personal, but even of all the promises that were made to him, concerning his redeemed seed. Isa. 53:10-11, And the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many, for he shall bear their iniquities.

     4. By this Suretiship, beside all that he hath fulfilled and done in his own person, he is under a Covenant to work in his people what God requireth condition-ways of them. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me, and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. O how comfortable is it, that Christ is under a Covenant to enjoy his elect people, not for anything they can do for themselves, but for the work that he hath wrought, and the conditions that he hath fulfilled in his own person, and is obliged to fulfill and work in them. And indeed the promises are fulfilled to us, not because we fulfill the condition, but for Christ, in whom they are made to us, and who by his Suretiship did perform all conditions that the law doth require.

 

March 10

     In the Covenant of Suretiship the Believer is undertaken for by both the parties. Jehovah undertakes, for as much as he promises a redeemed seed to Christ, and engages that he shall see them. Isa. 53:10, He shall see his seed. Now he who undertakes for this, must needs undertake that they shall be born again; so that the Lord is undertaker for our Believing, Justification, Perseverance, and Salvation. Then Jehovah is engaged by Covenant with Christ to make sure our believing and Salvation, as he will be true to his Son, to whom he gave this promise, and to himself and his holy nature, for he cannot deny himself.

 

March 11

     Christ hath undertaken for us also. He is made surety, Heb. 7:22. He hath given Bond for our believing, and Salvation. He hath by an eternal act of cautionary, acted himself for all them who shall believe on him, body for body, life for life, soul for soul, that his life shall go for theirs, that his soul shall be in their soul's stead. Isa. 53:10, when thou shall make his soul an offering for sin. And by the Mediatory office that he took upon him, he hath laid Bonds upon himself, and made a necessary duty of his office, to save his people, to become a captain of salvation to them, to bring many sons to glory, Heb. 2:10. And that he will be faithful in this office he hath taken Bonds upon him, that by virtue of his office, and place, he must do whatsoever is for his people's welfare. See Heb. 3:1-2, Consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus, who was faithful to him that appointed him. Chap. 2 v. 17, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest, in all things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. How comfortable is this to the weak Believer? and how strengthening to Faith, to consider that Jehovah gave Bond from eternity to Christ, and stands engaged to him, for the bowing of our rebellious wills, and for such a frame of heart to us, as our Redemption and Salvation necessarily requires! And that Christ stands engaged to be to all his own a merciful and faithful high priest! and that by the Bonds he hath laid upon himself, it behoved him to be so! Heb. 2:17. O consider! he can no more be unconcerned with our concernments, he can no more be untouched with, and want a feeling of our infirmities, than he can cease to be a merciful and faithful high priest which qualifications he behooved to take upon him, by taking on that office, Heb. 5:2-3; 2:17; 4:15. Christ can no more fail in anything pertaining to our peace with God, and our Salvation, than he can break his faith of Suretiship, and fail in Covenant-faithfulness, and the Bonds that he hath given to Jehovah.

 

March 12

     By the Covenant of Suretiship passed betwixt Jehovah and Christ, the believer is in a sure confirmed state. He is not in a tottering, slippery, mutable condition, as were the angels that fell, and like to Adam's first Covenant-state; but the believer is in a sure confirmed state, as sure as the elect angels who never fell.

 

March 13

     By the Covenant of Suretiship the believer's help is laid upon one that is mighty, Psal. 89:19. A potent person is his helper, for their Redeemer is strong. Deut. 33:27, The eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms. Isa. 40:28-29, Hast thou not known, hast thou not heard, that the everlasting God, the Lord, the Creator of the ends of the earth, fainteth not, neither is weary, there is no searching of his understanding? He giveth power to the faint: and to them that have no might, he increaseth strength.

 

March 14

     By this Covenant there is a great juncture of undertakings for the believer's standing, to wit, by both the parties of that Covenant.

     By this Covenant the believer's standing and perseverance is taken off the creature's mutable will, and is now upon the gracious immutable counsel of God's will. Heb. 6:17, Wherein God, willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel, etc. Luke 12:32, Fear not little flock, for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom.

     By this Covenant-salvation, the weight of Salvation is taken off the creature's acting, and laid upon Christ's. Isa. 49:6, That thou mayest be my salvation unto the end of the earth. John 17:2, As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him.

 

March 15

     The same confirming-grace that is given to the elect angels, is by Christ's Covenant of Suretiship ensured, yea, given in Christ to the believer, in whom ye are complete, Col. 2:10. 2 Tim. 1:9, Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus, before the world began.

 

March 16

     The honor of Christ Mediator, by this Suretiship of his, lies at the stake for the weak believer's standing. John 17:10, All mine are thine, and thine are mine. I am glorified in them.

     How should this comfort the believer's heart, and support his faith, that though he be not yet without the reach of dangers, yet by Christ's Suretiship he is in a confirmed state? that he can no more fall quite away from his state of Grace and Faith, than Jehovah can break to Christ, or Christ break to his Father, which is impossible? Psal. 89:35-36, Once have I sworn by my holiness that I will not lie unto David. His seed shall endure for ever. Rev. 1:5, And from Jesus Christ who is the faithful witness. That the faith of the least of them that believe on Christ, can no more fail, than Christ can want his reward, which is impossible. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. Christ cannot be left unsatisfied, which he should be if the faith of any of his should fail, in regard of Christ's Suretiship. The weak believer's legs can no more fail, in regard of Christ's Suretiship, than his arms can fail. Psal. 40:11, He shall gather the lambs with his arms.

 

March 17

     Whatsoever Christ acted by the Covenant of Suretiship, he did it for us, and we did that in him. For,

     1. Whatsoever he acted by virtue of the Covenant of Suretiship, he acted as a Surety. Now a Surety is one that undertakes and does for another, and whose deed by the allowance of the Law, stands for the deed of that person for whom he was undertaker. A person who puts himself in the stead of another, such a person was Judah for Benjamin, Gen. 43:9; 44:32.

     2. Whatsoever he acted by virtue of this Covenant, he acted as a public person. I do not say that in the transacting of the Covenant of Suretiship Christ acted as a public person: for then fallen man should be an undertaker to satisfy justice, and to pay a price of blood to God for his own sin, because a person who represented him, did undertake this. But I say, after Christ personally considered, had by the Covenant of Suretiship taken upon him this public capacity and place, whatsoever he acted by doing or suffering, he acted still as a public person. Now a public person is one who personates, represents and acts the part of another, so that what he doth (as such) that other person whom he represents, is reckoned by the Law to do. Such public persons were Adam and Christ; the first man and the second, the heads of two families, who represented all that came of them, their seed and heirs, Rom. 5:12, etc.; 1 Cor. 15:21-22. Consider, how comfortable this is to the believer, and what support it affords to his faith. Look over his state, his condition, his actings, all that he was made, all that he did, all that was done to him; he was made, and did, and suffered all that for the believer; and his elect people were made, and did, and suffered, and received all that in him. When he died, God reckoned us dying then, and would have us reckon so also. Rom. 6:10-11, For in that he died, he died unto sin; but in that he liveth, he liveth unto God. Likewise, reckon ye also yourselves to be dead indeed unto sin, but alive unto God through Jesus Christ our Lord. When he suffered and satisfied the Law, God reckoned that we did so also. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us. When he was acquitted and discharged of the Debt, when he rose again, and was released from the Prison and Bonds of the Law, we did so also. Rom. 4:25, Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification. 1 Cor. 15:20-21, But now is Christ risen from the dead and become the firstfruits of them that slept. For since by man came death; by man also came the resurrection of the dead. When he entered into Heaven, and had reception, and a welcome of Covenant-favor, there we did so also, and had the same Welcome. Eph. 2:6, And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus. For he acted all these things in our stead; and all these things were done to him, as a person representing us.

 

March 18

     By the Covenant of Suretiship, beside all other Attributes in God, Justice itself, that is most terrible to the believer, and was sometimes a dreadful Attribute, and speaking nothing less than Damnation to fallen man, is now turned to be as much for the believer's Salvation, as any other attribute in God: and upon that account is, and may be comfortably looked upon. 1 John 1:9, If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. If you ask, How can that be, that Justice should be for the forgiveness of our sins, if we do but confess them, though we can make no satisfaction to justice for them? Christ by his Suretiship hath brought about the business, and handled the matter of Salvation so, that Justice and Righteousness is as forward, as much engaged to save the believer, as any other Attribute in God. 1 John 2:2, And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for our sins only, but also for the sins of the whole world. For,

     1. Christ hath satisfied Justice by a condign-price, the price of the blood of a person who is God. He hath paid the believer's Debt to the least farthing.

     2. He pleads this satisfaction, and his own righteousness for the people whose Debt he took upon him to pay, and thus he carried his matter by righteousness and Justice. Now Justice, when 'tis satisfied and made for a person, is as comfortable, as 'tis terrible when it is unsatisfied, and against a person. How sweet and comfortable is this to the believer, that by the Suretiship of Christ, not only favor and grace is for him, but Justice also? that satisfied Justice is the sinful believer's friend, stands on his side. And if God be righteous and just, he will, he must, he cannot but forgive the confessing believer, and save him upon Christ's account, who suffered and satisfied punitive Justice, and merited by a condign-price, holding proportion with the thing which he bought, that communitative drive and remunerative Justice should give this reward for his work.

 

March 19

     Learn hence, from the Covenant of Suretiship, to frame an answer to all temptations from our own frailty, mutability, inconstancy, mixture of unbelief with faith, of corruption with grace, etc., and the like: the weak believer thinks, Adam and the angels fell, who had no sin in them, who had habitual grace in perfection, and how can I stand? The Covenant of Suretiship answers these and the like assaults of the weak believer's faith.

     1. Thou standest by faith, which excludeth boasting: and if thou be not high minded, but fear, Rom. 11:20, thou shalt stand by faith. But they stood by the Law of works, which doth not exclude boasting, Rom. 3:27. And therefore they feared not, but were lifted up, and fell.

     2. That same low despised thing, the little weak faith that is in thee, as it is of another kind than any faith which was in them, which was not faith in Christ Mediator, so it is given to thee for another end, even that thou mayest by going out of thyself, stand by faith; and cometh from another spring, which makes it indefectible, Luke 22:32, But I prayed for thee that thy faith fail not: this is his seed that remaineth in him that is born of God, 1 John 3:9.

     3. Although Adam and the angels that fell, had habitual grace in perfection, without mixture of corruption; yet they had no promise nor assurance of the Spirit and actual influences which the weakest believer hath settled upon him by promise. Ezek. 36:27, And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them.

     4. Neither had these grace in the store-house, Christ given to them; though they had a fair stock. Yet it was all in their own hand at adventure, and the well head and fountain of life to them was placed in themselves, or the streams were cut off from the fountain. But to the weak believer, the fountain of life and grace is placed in Christ. Eph. 2:10, For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works. John 1:25, And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace.

     5. Nor was Christ an undertaker and Surety for the angels that fell, nor for Adam in his first Covenant state. He gave no Bond, nor came under any act of Suretiship for their standing. Heb. 2:16, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham. God never said to them as he doth to the believer, Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty.

 

March 20

     Learn hence to admire and study these eternal depths of love and wisdom that shine forth in God's Covenant-transactions with Christ. Eph. 3:18-19, That you may be able to comprehend with all saints, what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and height; and to know the love of Christ which passeth knowledge. This glorious mystery the angels desire to search into, though not so much concerned in it as we, and shall not believers much more study it?

     1. The wisdom and knowledge that found out this way, that was beyond the possible reach of men and angels, that lost man who was in as hopeless a condition as the Apostate angels, should be by a Surety, by such Surety undertaken for, when angels were passed by, Heb. 2:16.

     2. The everlasting out-goings of that same eternal love, which came forth in Covenant-transactions betwixt the Father and the Son, when these objects of his love and eternal delight were not yet revealed, nor knew anything of it, Prov. 8:23-31. What a wonder is this, that the heart of God, the delights of God should be taken up about such objects!

     3. The Sovereign graciousness and free preventing-grace of this Suretiship, that Christ became Surety and undertaker, and came to fulfill his Suretiship, not sought for, not sent for, not so much as desired by us, to undertake and act anything for us. Isa. 65:1, I am sought of them that asked not for me, I am found of them that sought me not. I said, Behold me, Behold me, unto a nation that was not called by my name.

     4. The seasonableness of his sending the notice of this unto us; the Lord provided a physician before we were sick, and sent him to us in due time, 1 Tim. 2:6; Gal. 4:4. When fallen man was sick unto death, when Justice with a fiery sword kept him out from happiness, when he was running away, and hiding himself at the voice of God, Gen. 3:10: When the cure was desperate, and the remedy impossible to our knowledge, then came the news of a Surety to undertake for us in our low condition.

    5. The double tenure whereby the believer holds his pardon and life through Christ's Suretiship, by free-grace, and by Justice, James 3:24, Being justified freely by his grace, through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ. The Covenant of Redemption has provided both, that Free-grace should acquit wretched sinners, and Justice also should discharge them for a full price laid down: Christ hath said to Jehovah by his Covenant of Suretiship, as Paul said to Philemon concerning Onesimus, Philemon verses 18-19, If he hath wronged thee, or owed thee ought, put that on mine account. I Paul have written it with my own hand, I will repay it. And this answers all that Law and Justice, and the accuser can say; and therefore the believer may well say with Paul, Rom. 8:33-34, Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth, who is he that condemneth?

 

March 21

     Learn how needful the knowledge and persuasion of Christ's Suretiship and undertaking for us is. Nothing is more necessary than to believe this,

     1. For the right understanding of our Debt to him, who did so freely, being under no necessity of nature, and not desired by us, undertake for us, and put his soul in our soul's stead: a worthy study indeed, and well becoming a believer to know what we owe to Jesus the Surety of the Covenant, who spoke for us behind our backs, when we were absent, and who laid down his bond for ours. 1 Cor. 6:19-20, Ye are not your own, for ye are bought with a price, therefore glorify God in your body and in your spirit which is God's.

     2. For the establishing our hearts in the faith of our Salvation, and complete Redemption: is there anything can so establish the heart of a believer, as to know that Christ is an undertaker for him? He that can believe that Christ became Surety for him, in the eternal Counsel of God, cannot reasonably doubt, but he will fulfill all his undertaking, and that he shall be saved by his Surety-actings. Rom. 5:8-10, But God commendeth his love towards us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Much more then being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him. For if when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son: much more being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life.

     3. For silencing all the actings of unbelief in us, and the perverse suspicions of our heart concerning God's Covenant Good-will towards us, all which do resolve upon some apprehensions of breach of the Covenant of Suretiship betwixt Jehovah and Christ: for if that stand fast upon both sides, what place is there for doubting and unbelief. 2 Tim. 2:13, If we believe not, yet he abideth faithful, he cannot deny himself. Rom. 3:3-4, For what if some did not believe, shall their unbelief make the faith of God without effect? God forbid.

 

March 22

     Morally, and by way of excitement and motive: the faith of Christ's Suretiship and undertaking for us, is both an inviting, and encouraging motive to be holy, forasmuch as we are chosen in Christ to be holy, and given to him to be made holy. Eph. 1:4, According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy, etc., John 17:17, Sanctify them through thy truth, thy word is truth. Heb. 2:11, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified, are all one.

 

March 23

     By way of obligement: Christ's Suretiship doth oblige us, and lay on Bonds and Obligations to this duty, that we should believe and be holy: and he who hath the faith of Christ's Suretiship cannot but judge so. 2 Cor. 5:14-15, For the love of Christ constraineth us, because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead. And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, etc. 1 Cor. 6:20, For ye are bought with a price, therefore glorify God in your body, and in your spirit, which are God's.

 

March 24

     By way of real influence: the faith of Christ's Suretiship hath real influence upon the believer's heart, to make him study to walk like the redeemed people. If the threatenings of the Law and Gospel have some influence upon the spirit of man, to make him obey the Law or Gospel, 'tis without doubt they have a moral influence; and when accompanied with the Spirit, they have real influence. Heb. 2:3, How shall we escape, if we neglect so great salvation? Heb. 12:25, See that ye refuse not him that speaketh: for if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven. Sure the gracious Covenant of Suretiship betwixt Jehovah and Christ, the undertakings of Christ, for the believer must much more have influences upon the believer's spirit, and really put him to it, to walk like a ransomed soul. Gal. 2:20, I am crucified with Christ; nevertheless, I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me. 2 Cor. 7:1, Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse our selves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of the Lord.

 

March 25

     That there is a Mediator of the Covenant of Grace, and but one only, even the Lord Jesus Christ, doth clearly appear from Heb. 8:6; 9:15; 12:22-24; 1 Tim. 2:5, For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

     The first Covenant which was of works, had no Mediator: for then there was no disagreement betwixt God and Man. But this Covenant under which we stand by Grace, hath a Mediator, and needeth one.

 

March 26

     The Name Mediator properly signifies a midler, whether he be such in regard of his Person or Office, one betwixt two, Gal. 3:20, Now a mediator is not a mediator of one, but God is one. And a Reconciler, as the Hebrew word signifies. Job 9:33, Neither is there any daysman betwixt us, that might lay his hand upon us both, one who interposeth for taking away differences betwixt disagreeing parties. It signifies also one that declareth things betwixt parties, one that goes betwixt parties, and carries the mind of each to other; in which sense Moses was a typical Mediator betwixt God and the Children of Israel, who carried the will of God to them, and carried back their answer to God, Gal. 3:19-20 with Exod. 19:3; 20:19; Deut. 5:5.

 

March 27

     Christ is called the Mediator of the new Covenant.

     1. He is one betwixt two, that middle person, God and man equally distant from both, equally drawing near to both parties, and so in a fit capacity to mediate and interpose, Matt. 1:23, And they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted, is God with us.

     2. He is the daysman, the Reconciler, of the difference, who hath interposed and actually composed the difference. Eph. 2:14, 16, For he is our peace, who hath made both one…..And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby. 2 Cor. 5:19, God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them, and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. Col. 1:20, And having made peace by the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things to himself.

     3. He is the Mediator in this sense also, and Interpreter, who published and declared the new Covenant, and the peace. Eph. 2:17, And came and preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were nigh. He went betwixt the parties, and carried the offers of one, and the acceptation of the other. In which respect: he is called the Messenger or Angel of the Covenant, Mal. 3:1. And so much for a taste of the Name and signification of the word Mediator.

 

March 28

     Why is Jesus called the mediator of the new covenant, Heb. 12:24? Or, in what respect does this Name agree to him? and what may it import?

     I think he is called the Mediator of the new Covenant upon a fourfold account.

     1. In respect of his Person, because he was a middle person, participating of both parties, having interest in both parties, God-man; Emmanuel, God with us, or God us, Matt. 1:23.

     2. In respect of his Office, not only a middle-person, but a middle officer, designed for a middle-work, for dealing betwixt God and man in the great transaction of Reconciliation, Col. 1:20; 2 Cor. 5:19.

     3. In respect of his fitness and qualifications to interpose betwixt God and man. He was the only fit person to lay hands on both parties. In Heaven or earth, there was not found a fit person to mediate betwixt God and man until Heaven and earth, God and man, be joined in one person, to make a fit Mediator, a person equally distant from, and equally near unto both parties. A person who is God's fellow. Zech. 13:7, Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow. And who is our fellow, made himself our companion, and like unto his brethren, Heb. 2:14, 17. A person who is God's Son, and our brother. John 20:17, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God, Job 19:25, For I know that my redeemer liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth. Our kinsman, who had the right of Redemption.

     4. He is called Mediator, the midling person, not only in regard of his fitness, but upon the account of his actual interposing, and stepping in betwixt the disagreeing parties; because he acted and executed the Mediator's Office which he took upon him, and for which he was fitted; he acted the daysman's part in the treaty of peace: he, through whom the whole Covenant of peace from beginning to end was transacted; who stood in every passage of it as a middle person, through whom God dealt with us, and we with him.

 

March 29

     Through him was the Covenant with us first motioned, and by him was the motion and overture entertained on our behalf: there had never been a Covenant betwixt God and fallen men, had not Christ stepped in to overture the reconciliation of Justice and Mercy. Prov. 8:30-31, Then I was by him, as one brought up with him, and I was daily his delight, rejoicing always before him. Rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth: and my delights were with the sons of men. He is Mediator Propositionis, or rather proponendo, the person through whom the first motion of it was made and entertained.

 

March 30

     Through him was the business done, and ended in the Counsel of God: he entertained the motion of a Covenant; and agented it till it was a closed bargain, in an eternal plot betwixt his Father and himself. Psal. 89:3, I have made my covenant, with my chosen: I have sworn unto David my servant. Psal. 40:7, Then said I, Lo, I come.

 

March 31

     Through him were we represented in Christ's transaction with his Father: he interposed and did the business by way of representation, as the Head of the Church in the name, and on the behalf of many. Heb. 2:13, Behold I, and the children which God hath given me. 2 Tim. 1:9, Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works but according to his own purpose and grace which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began. He is Mediator representationis, the person that stood and represented many: When God spoke with us in him, as the angels did with Israel in Jacob's loins, for there he spake with us, Hos. 12:4.

 

April 1

     Through him did God strike hands with us: the stipulation on our part was made by him, whom God took as a responsible person, and in our room to bargain with. Heb. 7:22, By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament. Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty. I have exalted one chosen out of the people. He is Mediator, the person who put his name in our Bond, and stepped in as a Sponsor and Surety for the broken man.

 

April 2

     Through him is the whole Covenant fulfilled, and every word of it hath a being, ex parte dei, he fulfilleth all that is promised on God's part. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him are Amen: And ex parte hominis, he worketh in us, and for us, whatsoever is required of us. Phil. 1:21, Being filled with the fruits of righteousness, which are by Jesus Christ, unto the glory and praise of God. Heb. 12:2, Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith. He is Mediator impletionis, the person in whom the  whole Covenant is fulfilled and accomplished.

 

April 3

     Through him came the news of this second Covenant: he proclaimed and published the glad tidings. Isa. 61:1, The spirit of the Lord is upon me, because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek. Eph. 2:17, And came and preached peace to you which are afar off, and to them that were nigh. Psal. 40:9, I have preached righteousness in the great congregation. He is Mediator promulgationis, the chief herald and messenger, the person by whom and by his appointed servants, the Covenant was and is preached.

 

April 4

     Through him is the mystery made manifest in the hearts of his people: he shines upon the mystery of the Covenant, and makes it to be understood; and this second discovery of God in Christ, can never be revealed but by the Mediator himself. John 17:6, I have manifested thy name. 2 Cor. 4:6, For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. John 1:18, No man hath seen God at any time: the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him. He is Mediator illuminationis, or the very medium of this new- Light, the person by whom the Covenant is revealed.

 

April 5

     By him was a price told down to Justice on our behalf. He interposed to satisfy Justice on the terms it stood upon, and entered his person in prison for us, till he paid the Debt by the price of his blood, after which he was set at liberty. Heb. 9:12, 15, But by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained redemption for us…..And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, etc. Rom. 3:24, Being justified freely by his grace, through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ. He is Mediator redemptionis seu satisfactionis, the person that made the satisfaction, and paid the price to Justice to the full, by his obedience to death.

 

April 6

     Through him is the difference actually composed, and the peace made, the disagreeing parties are brought together in him as a middle person, and fit resting place. Eph. 2:13-14, But now in Christ Jesus, ye who sometimes were far off, are made nigh by the blood of Christ. For he is our peace, who hath made both one. Heb. 2:17, To make reconciliation for the sins of his people. He is Mediator reconciliationis, the person that made the peace, and in whom the difference is composed. 2 Cor. 5:19, God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself.

 

April 7

     Through him are all the blessings of the Covenant applied to us, and the fruit of his purchase is drawn forth by his intercession as a Priest forever, which he doth as a Mediator, Heb.7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. Hs is Mediator applicationis seu intercessionis, the person that still mediates and officiates before God on our behalf, for fresh applications of all his purchase.

 

April 8

     Through him we receive all the blessings of the Covenant: he receives them for us, and Christ Mediator is constitute great Lord Dispensator and Treasurer, the head of the Church, who receiveth blessings for the whole body, and every member thereof. 2 Tim. 1:9, According to his own purpose and grace which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began. Eph. 1:3, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ. Psal. 68:18, thou hast received gifts for men. He is Mediator receptionis, the person who receiveth all the blessings of the Covenant at the first hand; who is the storehouse, and fountain, the person on whom all the acts of God's love are first put forth. John 1:14, 16, And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us; and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth……And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace.

 

April 9

     Through him was the Covenant with us confirmed: he sealed the new testament with his own blood, and interposed by his death to make the Covenant God's irrevocable will of grace to us-ward. Gal. 3:15, 17, Though it be but a man's covenant, yet if it be confirmed, no man disannulleth or addeth thereunto.....And this I say, That the covenant that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law which was four hundred and thirty years after cannot disannul, that it should make the promises of none effect. Heb. 6:17-18, Wherein God, willing more abundantly to manifest unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath, that by two immutable things, wherein it was impossible for God to lie, we might have strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us. He is Mediator confirmationis, the person in whom, and by whom the Covenant was confirmed.

 

April 10

     Through him is the Covenant a closed bargain, as to the addition of our consent to it: through him are our hearts engaged to the bargain: he travaileth with us to get our consent to it. 2 Cor. 5:19, God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. Ezek. 20:37, And I will cause you to pass under the rod, and I will bring you into the bond of the covenant. Rev. 22:17, And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. He is Mediator, adstipulationis seu consensus nostri, the person who interposeth for the subjection of our consent, and to get our heart to say Amen to the Cove-nant; and is therefore called the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, or a adstipulation, Heb. 3:1.

 

April 11

     Through him is the Covenant held fast with all those who are once really engaged in it, that it crumble not away as the first Covenant did, but may stand firm and stable. Psal. 89:34-35, My covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that l will not lie unto David. John 17:12, Those that thou gavest me I have kept, and none of them is lost. He is Mediator conservationis, the person who conserveth and keepeth the peace betwixt the covenanted parties, and makes the Covenant sure. 1 John 2:1-2, And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. And he is the propitiation for our sins.

 

April 12

     Use 1. This showeth the mystery of all those who are under the Covenant of works, which is the state of all natural men. Christ is not Mediator of that Covenant under which you stand. You must either do for yourselves, or think of changing your Covenant state, for Christ's mediation doth not reach you, so as you continuing in that condition can have any actual benefit by it. John 17:9, I pray for them, I pray not for the world, but for them that thou hast given me, for they are thine.

 

April 13

     Use 2. This showeth also the blessed state of believers who are in the Covenant of grace. You are not come to the Mountain that cannot be touched, you may with boldness approach to God with your services and for obtaining blessings and directions from him. You have a Mediator to deal for you; if he be angry at any time, you have one to put between you and his anger, to speak for you when you dare not speak for yourselves; to procure blessings for you when you deserve none. 1 John 1:2, If any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. Eph. 2:18, For through him we both have an access by one Spirit unto the Father. Eph. 3:12, In whom we have boldness and access, with confidence by the faith of him.

    

April 14

     Use 3. Since Jesus Christ is Mediator of the new Covenant, then he must be employed, and acknowledged in all things pertaining to the Covenant, Heb. 2:17, and in all things pertaining to God: for if it be a business betwixt God and a man who is within this Covenant, that falls within his office. 1 Tim. 2:5, For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus. In all things he must be employed as Mediator, and acknowledged and honored as Mediator. John 5:23, That all men should honour the Son even as they honour the Father.

 

April 15 

     The Reasons showing the necessity of a Mediator, or God's ends in establishing the Covenant in the hand of a Mediator, are of three sorts, according to three great ends which God hath before him in the work of our Redemption: The glory of God, the glory of Christ, and the good of his people.

 

April 16

     It was for his honor that he should carry like a Superior wronged. It became the Majesty of the Lord to keep at a distance with sinners, and not to be dealt with immediately by the parties who had done him the wrong; but by the Mediation and Intercession of another great Person. Mal. 1:14, For I am a great king, saith the Lord. Heb. 7:25, Men must therefore come to God by him, by a Mediator. It became the Majesty and Honor of God to be dealt with only by his own Son, he being the greatest Courtier in Heaven, and who knew most of his Father's mind. John 1:18, No man hath seen God at any time: the only begotten Son which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.

 

April 17

     For the glory of his Wisdom: This was a plot becoming the wisdom of God, and much for the honor of it, to find out this way of making up an union betwixt God and man. Again, by bringing down God to man, and bringing up man to God, and trusting both to meet in a Mediator: wonderful did the wisdom of God appear in the Reconciling Justice and Mercy, and making them meet together in this business, in punishing sin, and setting the sinner free; in making a Covenant with us through a Mediator, when there could be none without a Mediator. Eph. 3:10-11, To the intent, that now unto the principalities and powers in heavenly places, might be known by the Church the manifold wisdom of God: according to the eternal purpose which he purposed in Christ Jesus our Lord.

 

April 18

     It was for the glory of God's Goodness and Free-grace, that grace may be acknowledged, and dealt with like Free-grace. Therefore there must be a Mediator, who throughout the accomplishment of our Salvation shall deal with grace by way of entreaty, and requests, and shall obtain our Salvation as freely by requests, as if there had been no purchase made of it through satisfaction to Justice. Heb. 5:7, Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared. Heb. 7:25, Seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

 

April 19

     It was for the glory of his Justice, which must be dealt with in a way of satisfaction. Grace will be dealt with by requests, salva justitia, which must be dealt with by a satisfaction. Therefore the Covenant is established in the hands of a Mediator, who may tell down a price to Justice. 1 Tim. 2:6, Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time. These two the Apostle joins, Rom. 5:24-26, Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ: Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God. To declare, I say, at this time his righteousness, that he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus. The highest Justice, and the freest grace, met together in the Mediator, to save us by paying a price as fully as if there had been no grace and entreating of favor in the matter of our Salvation. And yet as much entreaty and request is made to grace, as if Justice had received no satisfaction.

 

April 20

     Other Reasons respect Christ: the Covenant is established in the hands of a Mediator, for the glory of the Mediator in this employment, whose honor and glory God had in his eyes, as well as his own. John 5:23, That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. And 16:14, He shall glorify me, for he shall receive of mine, and shall shew it unto you. Now the constituting and appointing Christ Mediator of the new Covenant, is for his honor,

     1. In respect of the honorable offices which are laid upon him as Mediator: for it is as Mediator that he is constituted a King, a Priest, and a Prophet to his people. Heb. 1 and 7 Chapter throughout, which are honorable offices. Heb. 5:4, And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God as was Aaron. John 5:22-23, But hath committed all judgment to the Son, that all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father.

     2. In respect of the exceeding great power which is put in his hand as Mediator: no less than the administration of the whole affairs in Heaven and earth, and that every knee should bow to him, Phil. 2:10. And the government shall be upon his shoulder, Isa. 9:6. Matt. 28:18, All power is given unto me in heaven, and in earth. Rev. 3:7, He that hath the key of David, he that openeth, and no man shutteth: and shutteth, and no man openeth.

     3. In respect of the great dependence that shall be upon Christ Mediator, by many supplicants resorting to him, and waiting on him, for the representing and offering of their requests. John 15:16, Whatsoever ye shall ask of the Father in my name, he shall give it you. Zeph. 3:10, From beyond the rivers of Ethiopia, my supplicants, even the daughter of my dispersed shall bring mine offering.

     4. In respect of his sole and absolute working of the whole business of our Salvation from beginning to end, every part of it being immediately from him as the Fountain and storehouse, and Great Lord Treasurer of all the blessings of the Covenant. Heb. 12:2, Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith. Eph. 1:3, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ. Acts 2:33, Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.

 

April 21

     Without Christ the Mediator, we should have had no knowledge of God which is saving: for since the fall, God dealeth not with man immediately: nor can man see him, or hear him speak without a Mediator. This was typified, Exod. 20:19, And they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die. But in the Mediator we see God's face, and know him savingly. John 17:3, And this is life eternal that they might know thee the only true God and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent. 2 Cor. 4:6, To give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God, in the face of Jesus Christ.

 

April 22

     Without Christ the Mediator, there could be no union betwixt God and man: the distance was so great, that the parties could not come near to one another. Eph. 2:13, But now in Christ Jesus, ye who sometimes were far off, are made nigh by the blood of Christ.

 

April 23

     Without the Mediator there could not have been any communion with God. Union is the foundation of communion. Without Christ, the Creature should everlastingly have lost the fruition of God. Without Christ.....and without God, go together, Eph. 2:12.

 

April 24

     Without the Mediator we could never had any conformity with God. We lost the Image of God, but could never have regained it; but in Christ it is restored more excellently. 2 Cor. 3:18, But we all, with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory to glory, even as by the Spirit of the Lord. In a word: without a Mediator, no part of man's spiritual or everlasting good should have been brought to pass, forasmuch as all the good which God had from eternity decreed to do to man, was decreed to come to him in and through a Mediator. Hence we are said to be chosen and ordained unto adoption, holiness, obedience, perseverance, etc., in and through him. Eph. 1:3-5, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ. According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy, and without blame before him in love. Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will. 1 Pet 1:2, Through sanctification of the Spirit unto obedience, and sprinkling of the blood of Christ.

 

April 25

     But by establishing the Covenant in the hands of a Mediator, man's good is advanced. For,

     1. There is a foundation laid of a higher happiness to be recovered in Christ, than was lost in Adam. For there is much more of God manifested and revealed in Jesus Christ, than was in the creation: for now we may behold his face as in a glass, 2 Cor. 3:18 throughout. Christ, who is the brightness of his Father's glory, Heb. 1:3. Therefore this is a better covenant, which hath better promises in it, laid to our hand in a Mediator, Heb. 8:6.

     2. Not only a higher happiness, and a better Covenant in that respect, but also through the Mediator there is a foundation laid of a better security for that happiness, a surer Covenant, and standing in it, than was before: a Covenant that cannot be disannulled, as was the first; this being established, and ordained in the hands of a mediator, Gal. 3:15, 17, 19. Jer. 31:33, But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts: and will be their God, and they shall be my people. Jer. 33:20-21. A happiness that cannot be forefaulted, Psal. 89:33-35.

     3. Through the establishing of this Covenant in the hands of a Mediator, there is strength and height of confidence and consolation, answerable to the security granted, and the solid grounds of confidence and comfort that are laid in this Covenant. The sum whereof is, That all shall go well, notwithstanding all things in us that speak the contrary, because there is a Mediator in this Covenant. 1 John 2:1-2, And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous; and he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. Heb. 2:17, That he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. And truly if there had not been a Mediator in the Covenant of grace, in whose hand it was ordained, through whom it is established with us; it had been as weak, ineffectual, and unprofitable to give righteousness and life, as the first Covenant proved.

 

April 26

From the necessity of a Mediator in this Covenant, be convinced of your need of a Mediator.

Let natural men be convinced of this. You have none to deal for you, you must stand or fall by your own righteousness without any mending of it. You must do for yourselves, or be undone. For there is no Mediator of that Covenant under which you stand. You must do so, or of necessity come to Christ the Mediator, that you may partake in a better Covenant.

 

April 27

Let believers be convinced of this, It is not natural men only that need a Mediator to make their peace, and to change their Covenant-state, but you also need a Mediator:

     1. At all times before, and after justification, Rom. 5:6, 10, For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly......For if when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life. In making your peace, and maintaining it: before, and in, and after your conversion, you will need a Mediator, till you be in over the threshold of glory, till you have put off the body of sin. John 6:44, No man can come to me except the Father which sent me, draw him. Song. 1:4, Draw me, we will run after thee. Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee that thy faith fail not. 

     2. To all intents and purposes, as well relating to your Covenant-state, as to your duties; not only for your persons, to make your peace; but also for your performances, to procure their acceptance. Rom. 3:24, Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ. Rev. 8:3, And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censor, and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne.

     3. In all things pertaining to God, whatsoever you have to do, if it be a thing that relates to God. Heb. 2:17, That he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. If you have any direction to receive from God, if you have any blessing to receive, you need a Mediator to procure it to you, and to receive it for you. If you have any service to offer to God, any duty to perform, you need a Mediator both to afford you strength to perform it, and to offer it to God for you. If you have any evil to deprecate, you need a Mediator to avert it, whether it be for sins before, or after conversion.

     4. In all cases, not only in thy deadness, and indispositions for duties, but when thy heart is in best frame, thy tenderness and good frame cannot mediate for thee. Dan. 9:3, 17, And I set my face unto the Lord God to seek by prayers and supplications, with fasting, and sackcloth, and ashes…..Now therefore, O our God, hear the prayer of thy servant, and his supplications, and cause thy face to shine upon thy sanctuary that is desolate, for the Lord's sake. Isa. 38:3, 14, And Hezekiah wept sore…..Like a crane or a swallow so did I chatter, I did mourn as a dove: mine eyes fail with looking upward: O Lord, I am oppressed, undertake for me. Not only when thou art at distance with God, and canst not find access ,but when thou art nearest to him, and admitted to his presence,  to speak before his throne, then thou needest a Mediator, not only for establishing thee in that good condition, but for covering the evil of thy best condition. Isa. 64:6, But we are all as an unclean thing, and our righteousnesses are as filthy rags. Isa. 6:5, Then said I, Woe is me, for I am undone, because I am a man of unclean lips; and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips; for mine eyes have seen the king, the Lord of  Hosts.

 

April 28

     Study to carry as becometh those who need a Mediator: and for this end take these directions:

     1. Take care to beat down self-confidence, and self-adoration, even of everything in you that is not Christ, his gifts, and graces, and assistances not excepted. Put not a created grace in Christ's room. Be not lifted up with these, nor led away from the Mediator by them. Phil. 3:3-4, For we are the circumcision which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh: Though I might also have confidence in the flesh: if any other man thinketh that he hath whereof he might trust in the flesh, I more.

     2. When duties go well, and a good frame of spirit is enjoyed, watch that your hearts lay not the weight of your acceptation upon these things, but that you keep them especially within sight of Christ's Mediation, as the ground of your confidence. Phil. 3:7, But what things were gain to me, those I counted lost for Christ.

     3. Let your employing of him be as large as the extent of his Mediation reaches to, and that is to all things pertaining to God, Heb. 2:17. Shut him not out of his office in anything that is a matter betwixt God and you. Think not to put him to drudge at your burdens, and to slight him in other things: he will not be so dealt with.

     4. Let us beware of tempting Christ, of grieving the Mediator. If you carry about with you the fresh conviction of your need of him, you will be very tender and wary of tempting him, and sinning against him. 1 Cor. 10:9, Neither let us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed of serpents.

 

April 29

     The Person who is Mediator of the Covenant of grace, is he whose name is called the word of God, Rev. 19:13 and that both in relation to Creation and Redemption.

     1. He is the word by whom all things were made. Eph. 3:9, Who hath created all things by Jesus Christ. Heb. 1:2, By whom also he made the worlds. Psal. 33:6, By the word of the Lord were the heavens made, and all the host of them by the breath of his mouth.

     2. He is the word in relation to the revealing all the will of God; he is medium revelationis, as well as reconciliationis. There is a new discovery of God after the fall; it's a discovery of him in Christ: and this is a mystery which the angels dive into, with stupendous endeavors. 1 Pet. 1:12, Which things the angels desire to look into. Christ is the word of God that reveals this mystery. Matt. 11:27, Neither knoweth any man the Father save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him. John 1:18, No man hath seen God at any time: the only begotten Son which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.

     3. He is the word of God in relation to the fulfilling all the word of God, and accomplishing his will, especially that which relateth to himself. This Name is given him in the time of the seventh Trumpet, Rev. 11:15 with 19:13. When all the promises and threatenings are to be fulfilled, then he shall be acknowledged to be the word of God. The ordering of all things according to the word of God, and the accomplishment of all his will since the fall, is committed to the administration of Christ Mediator. John 5:22-23, For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment to the Son, that all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father. It was Christ that brought the flood upon the world. It was he that went down to Sodom, and destroyed it, 2 Pet. 2:5-6, Jehovah did it, Gen. 7 and 21. The same name is given to Christ. It was Christ the Angel of the Covenant that appeared in the bush, and delivered his people out of Egypt, Exod. 3:2, And the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed, Acts 7:30, An angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bush. It was he that brought all these Judgments on them in the Wilderness. 1 Cor. 10:9, Neither let as tempt Christ as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed of serpents. It was he that brought them to Canaan, and out of Babylon, and built the temple, and filled it after their return. Isa. 63:9, By the angel of his presence he saved them. Zech. 6:12, Behold the man whose name is the Branch, and he shall grow up out of his place, and he shall build the temple of the Lord. Zech. 9:11, As for thee also, by the blood of thy covenant I have sent forth thy prisoners out of the pit wherein is no water. Hag. 2:7, And I will shake all nations, and the desire of all nations shall come: and I will fill this house with glory, saith the Lord of hosts. And this contributes to make Christ a fit Mediator, and to support the faith of God's people, that the making of all things, the revealing of the will of God, and the fulfilling of it, even the whole government is upon his shoulders: which may assure our hearts that the work which he undertaketh shall be accomplished.

 

April 30

     This is he who is called the brightness of his Father's glory, Heb. 1:3. He manifests God's will. He manifests the nature of God. It is the excellencies of God as they shine forth in the Mediator, which otherwise had been invisible, and could not have been seen, discovered, nor looked upon. 2 Cor. 3:18, But we all with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord. Therefore the end of Christ's being constitute Mediator, is for this manifestative glory whereof we read, John 11:4, When Jesus heard that, he said, This sickness is not unto death, but for the glory of God, that the Son of God might be glorified thereby. John 5:22-23, For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment to the Son: That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father.

May 1

     The brightness, or sent-forth Light here spoken of, is a similitude taken from the sun; wherein there is the body of the sun, there is the light of the sun, and the shining splendor or beams of the sun. Interpreters think this to be an expression of the eternal generation of the Son, proceeding from the Father, as light from the sun. I take it rather to be the manifestation of the Father in Christ the Mediator, who is otherwise invisible: as the sun is manifested by its own light, so that if you would light all the torches in the world, you cannot see the sun by the light of these, without its own light. No more can you see God but in Christ Jesus, who is the brightness of his Glory, the light whereby his excellencies are manifested. John 1:9, That was the true light which lighteth every man that cometh into the world. Matt. 11:27, Neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him.

 

May 2

     This is he who is called the express image of his Father's person, Heb. 1:3, the imprinted form, this similitude relates to the persons of the Godhead, as the former did to the Divine Essence and Nature. It is borrowed from the signet's impression, which represents all the lineaments of the Seal, the Character is the perfect expressed Image. Mark, Christ is called the Image of God's Person, not of his Essence; for he is the same Essence, not the same Person. There is in the Godhead essentia and subsistentia; the Essence is but one, but the Subsistences or Persons are different, as is expressed in Scripture. 1 John 5:7, For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost. I take not this to be meant of Christ, as God principally: for so he is the same in Nature, Names and Attributes; rather than the Image of God: but I understand it of Christ as Mediator, in whom there is a full and perfect resemblance of the Father's Attributes and Excellencies.

 

May 3

     That Jesus Christ hath in him a glorious resemblance, and a perfect Character of all the glorious Excellencies and Attributes of the Father. Col. 2:9, For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. 2 Cor. 3:18, But we all with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord. That it is by Christ Mediator, that all the glorious excellencies of God are revealed unto us. 2 Cor. 4:6, For God who commanded light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

 

May 4

     There is a full manifestation of the Attributes of God in Jesus Christ the Mediator of the new Covenant; these Attributes that were never manifested before, Mercy and Longsuffering, are revealed in him; and these that were manifested before, shine more brightly through Christ.

     The Wisdom of God: there was great and infinite wisdom showed in creating the world, and ruling it by his wise providence; but what is that to the wisdom that is showed in Christ? the wisdom that reconciled Justice and Mercy, the wisdom that punished sin, and pardoned the sinner? How wonderful and unsearchable is that Wisdom, that by the fall of man, raised him to a greater height of happiness than ever he had before? Rom. 11:33-34, O the depth of the riches, both of the wisdom and knowledge of  God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out! For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counselor? Eph. 3:10, To the intent, that now unto the principalities and powers in heavenly places, might be made known by the Church, the manifold wisdom of God: this is the manifold wisdom of God: which yet doth not fully express the Greek word, which signifies the manifold and various wisdom, or the wisdom of God that is full of admirable varieties.

 

May 5

     The Goodness of God is manifested in Jesus Christ. His goodness and love to man appeared much at first in making him of the rank of the highest creatures on earth, and putting all the rest of the creatures under his feet. Psal. 8:5-6, For thou hast made him a little lower than the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honour. Thou madest him to have dominion over the works of thy hands: thou hast put all things under his feet. This was penned to magnify the nature of man: but in Christ our nature is more magnified. Heb.1:6, And again, when he bringeth in the first begotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him. This is a higher pitch of the love of God, this is the goodness of God more manifested than ever before, to give his Son Christ for man, and his Son to become sin, and a curse for man. John 3:16, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. 2 Cor. 5:21, For he hath made him to be sin for us that knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us.

 

May 6

     The Mercy of God is eminently manifested in Jesus Christ. Man is made to rise by his fall. Mercy never saw the light before; it was never revealed but in Jesus Christ: for it respects the creature in its misery. Luke 1:72, 78, To perform  the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant…..Through the tender mercy of our God, whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us. When all the posterity of Adam were as fuel for the fire, mercy rescues and reserves some to be sons and heirs. Rom. 9:23, And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory.

 

May 7

     The Power of God is manifested in Christ. God showed his power in the creation, as we read, Isa. 40:12, Who hath measured the waters in the hollow of his hand, and meted out heaven with the span, and comprehended the dust of the earth in a measure, and weighed the mountains in scales, and the hills in a balance, etc., Job 38, etc. But what is this to the taking of our nature, and uniting it in a personal union with the Son of God? that God should become man; the Ancient of Days become a Child: the Incomprehensible to become comprehensible! Col. 2:9, For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. The invisible God to become visible, and to dwell here as in a tabernacle with men. John 1:14, And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.

May 8

     The Sovereignty of God is manifested in and through Christ. But all this was Sovereignty over the creature: but that Jesus Christ the Son of God should be appointed a Mediator of the new Covenant, made a Servant, commanded to lay down his life, this is greater Sovereignty. John 6:38, For I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the will of him that sent me. John 10:18, This commandment have I received of my Father.

 

May 9

     The Justice of God is manifested in Christ. Justice was seen in casting off the angels that fell without hope: and in executing the sentence and curse of the first Covenant upon Adam, for his transgression thereof. But the world never heard of such manifestation of Justice as appears in the satisfaction of Christ to Justice. That Christ the Son of God is made sin for us, and being made so in obedience to his Father's command, Justice spares him not, but he must be smitten to death, that satisfaction may be made for sin in our nature. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all. Isa. 53:8, For the transgressions of my people was he stricken.

 

May 10

     The Holiness of God is manifested in Christ. His Holiness did appear in that holy Image which he put in Adam and the holy Law which he gave to him under a penalty. But this holiness of the Image of God stamped on the creature, was possible to be lost, for both men and angels were capable of sin, and did fall. But herein is a greater manifestation of God's holiness, that a Creature, Christ-man, Christ Mediator, is made the Fountain of all Holiness. Holiness cannot be lost in him. Yea, it is derived from him. John 1:14, 16, full of grace and truth....And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace. John 3:34, For God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto him. This is spoken of Christ-man, of Christ Mediator; for one of the persons of the Godhead cannot receive another. O what an impression of Holiness is this! what a communication and manifestation of the Holiness of God! For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily, Col. 2:9.

     Where there is the highest union, there is the greatest communion. There was never such another union as that personal union, and therefore there could never be such a communication of God.

 

May 11

     The All-sufficiency of God appears more in Christ than ever before. The declarative glory thereof shines in the restoring of lost man. For whosoever can restore lost man, can raise him to a higher happiness than he fell from. He is All-sufficient, and Almighty, and is thereby declared to be so, this did God in Christ the Mediator. This is a declaration of God's All-sufficiency, and of Christ's. Gen. 17:1, I am the Almighty God. 2 Cor. 8:9, For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that ye through his poverty might be made rich. 2 Cor. 12:9, And he said unto me, My grace is sufficient for thee, for my strength is made perfect in weakness: most gladly therefore will I rather glory in my infirmities, that the power of Christ may rest upon me.

 

May 12

     The Patience and Longsuffering of God was never heard  of before, until it was manifested in Christ. God executed his Justice against the fallen angels, without exercising any Patience and Longsuffering towards them. 2 Pet. 2:4, For if God spared not the angels which fell, but cast them down to hell. But in Jesus Christ there is a discovery of the Patience of God, and his bearing with sinners. Isa. 49:8, There is a covenant to establish the earth, that Justice do not ruin it. Jesus Christ obtained pardon and reprieve for some sinners that they should be spared. Exod. 34:6, And the Lord passed by before him and proclaimed, The Lord, the Lord God merciful, and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth. In him the Lord proclaims himself merciful, and gracious, longsuffering, etc. 1 Tim. 1:16, Howbeit for this cause I obtained mercy, that in me first Jesus Christ might shew forth all longsuffering, for a pattern to them which should hereafter believe on him to life everlasting.

 

May 13

     The Faithfulness of God is manifested in Christ. He was known to be true and faithful, in fulfilling the threatening and certification of the transgression of the first Covenant. Gen. 2:17, In the day thou eatest thereof, thou shalt surely die. And in keeping the Covenant with all the creatures. Gen. 8:22, While the earth remaineth, seedtime, and harvest, and cold, and heat, and summer, and winter, and day and night shall not cease. Jer. 33:20, Thus saith the Lord, If ye can break my covenant of the day, and my covenant of the night and that there should not be day and night in their season, etc. But this was but a small declaration of his Faithfulness, being compared with the manifestation of his Faithfulness in Christ, which shines so brightly in keeping Covenant and Promises with him, and with his people upon his account, notwithstanding all your unfaithfulness to him. Hereby he is proclaimed to be the Lord, abundant in truth, Exod. 34:6. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him are Amen. Psal. 89:34-35, My covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. Mic. 7:18, 20, Who is a God like unto thee, that pardoneth iniquity…..Thou wilt perform the truth to Jacob and the mercy to Abraham, which thou hast sworn unto our fathers from the days of old.

May 14

     The Majesty of the Lord, something whereof is manifested in the creation. Psal. 19:1, The heavens declare the glory of the Lord, and the firmament sheweth forth his handywork. But much more in restoring man; if there be a Majesty in angels, Heb. 1:7, And of his angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits and his ministers a flame of fire? And in godly men, which is but a little discovered here, etc., shall be more fully afterward. 1 Thess. 1:10, When he shall come to be glorified in his saints. O what excellent Majesty must there be in Jesus Christ? Heb. 1:13, But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool? And what shall be revealed in him, when he shall come in glory? 1 Thess. 1:7, When the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven, with his mighty angels. Col. 3:4, When Christ who is our life shall appear, then shall ye also appear with him in glory. You see then all the Attributes of God are made more bright, and get a new lustre in Jesus Christ the Mediator. He is the brightness of his Father's glory, and the express image of his person.

 

May 15

     God was but darkly seen before in the distinct Subsistences of the persons of the Trinity; but in the Gospel, through Jesus Christ, there is a glorious manifestation thereof. 2 Cor. 4:6, For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

 

May 16

     The Acts of Jesus Christ undertaking:

     1. He consents to the Covenant. Psal. 40:7, Then said I, Lo, I come, in the volume of the book it is written of me.

     2. He engageth himself to take the creature into union with his Person. Heb. 10:5, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldst not, but a body hast thou prepared me. And to lay down his life according to his Father's command. John 10:18, This commandment have I received of my Father.

     3. He undertakes to receive, and keep, and raise up at the last day, all those given him by the Father. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me; and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. John 17 throughout.

     4. He undertakes the Government of the world, and to Judge it at the last day. Psal. 2:8, Ask of me, and I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession. Matt. 11:27, All things are delivered unto me of my Father, John 3:35, The Father loveth the Son, and hath given all things into his hand.

     The Acts of the Spirit:

     1. He undertakes to unite the human nature to Christ, by a miraculous conception. Luke 1:35, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee.     

     2. To join us with God in one spirit. 1 Cor. 6:17, But he that is joined to the Lord, is one spirit.

     3. To be a Spirit of Unction, first to Christ, and then to us through him. John 3:34, For God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto him. Isa. 61:1, The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek.

     4. To act all our graces, to blow upon them, and to help our infirmities. Song. 4:16, Awake, O north wind, and come  thou south, blow upon my garden, that the spices thereof may flow out. Rom. 8:26, Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities: for we know not what we should pray for as we ought, but the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us, with groanings that cannot be uttered.

     5. To shed abroad the love of God in our hearts. Rom. 5:5, Because the love of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us.

     6. To set a Seal upon our hearts, and to bear witness of all the work of God in us. Eph. 1:13, In whom also after that ye believed, ye were sealed with that Holy Spirit of promise. Rom. 8:16, The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the children of God.

 

May 17

     Question 1. How came Christ to undertake this work? Answer. He was called to it. He did not intrude himself in the Mediator's Office, but was sent and employed in the work. These things clear his calling to the work.

     1. Several of his Names import it, Mal. 3:1, He is called the angel or messenger of the covenant. Because of his mission, and God's sending of him to do this work, etc. Isa. 42:1, My servant, and mine elect. Because of his being called, and employed by his Father: he was called a Servant or chosen Officer, formed for a special employment. Isa. 49:5, Thus saith the Lord that formed me from the womb to be his servant, to bring Jacob again to him. Phil. 2:7, And took upon him the form of a servant.

     2. He is about the work of Mediation by Office, and not by meddling without his station, which also showeth his calling to the Work, inasmuch as he was about it by Office, as his duty, in his Calling. Heb. 3:1, Consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus. Heb. 5:10, Called of God an high priest, after the order of Melchisedec. And this is pointed at by all these Scriptures which make mention of the things that Christ did as Mediator; he did them ex officio, by virtue of some tie and obligation to do them, as duties of his Office. Hence we find the Holy Ghost using the words, must, necessity, became him, behoved, etc. Heb. 2:10, 17, For it became him, for whom are all things. Wherefore in all things it behove him to be made like unto his brethren. Heb. 8:3, Wherefore it is of necessity that this man have somewhat also to offer. John 4:4, And he must needs go through Samaria.

     3. He is in Office not by intrusion, but by anointing, which imports lawful calling and mission. Psal. 2:2, The Lord and his anointed. John 1:41, We have found the Messias, which is, being interpreted, the Christ. So the Apostle to the Hebrews shows of all his three Offices.

     4. The Scriptures plainly holds it forth, and the more strongly, that it is held forth both Negatively and Affirmatively, denying any intrusion on Christ's part, and affirming a calling from God to him. Heb. 5:4-5, And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest: but he that said to him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. Gal. 4:4, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, etc. John 6:38-40, 44, Christ doth frequently make mention of the will of him that sent him.

 

May 18

     Question 2. By whom was Christ called unto the Office of Mediatorship? Answer. By God his Father, not excluding the other two persons of the Trinity, though for order's sake it be attributed to the Father, the fountain of divine operations. Col. 1:19, For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell. John 6:27, For him hath God the Father sealed, i.e. set apart, designed, and fitted for this Office. That he was called unto this Office by God, the Scripture speaketh plainly. Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty, I have exalted one chosen out of the people. Heb. 5:5-6, 10, So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest, but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec…..called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec. And 3:2, Who was faithful to him that appointed him.

 

May 19

     Christ's Calling, or Designation to the Office of Mediator of the Covenant, is eternal. He was chosen and destinated hereunto beforetime, even from all eternity. Prov. 8:23, Wisdom was set up by the Father from everlasting, designed and appointed unto this high and honorable Office and employment, to be Mediator of the new Covenant. Yea, it must be so,

     1. Since God's Covenant with Christ is eternal, and his choosing and designation of Christ to be Mediator, is in order of nature, before his Covenant with Christ: for it presupposeth him to be Mediator. Psal. 89:3, I have made a covenant with my chosen.

     2. Because our election presupposeth Christ first chosen before us as the head of the elect. Eph. 1:4. Therefore we are said to be chosen in Christ, i.e. as members of the head, or through him as Mediator, although Christ be not the cause of election, or of God's Love.

 

May 20

     If Christ be called unto this Office of Mediatorship by God his Father from all eternity; Then,  wonder at the eternal love of God, and let your hearts be raised up to adore the unsearchable riches of grace and wisdom manifested in God's early calling Christ to an Office and Service for our sake, and Christ's voluntary submission to it. He knew well enough it would be too late to wait for our call. He knew that we die in our sin, before we sent for the Physician. He did well foresee our slowness and backwardness to give him employment for making our peace; and therefore he prevented us, John 8:27; Heb. 10:9.

May 21

     This may establish our hearts in the faith of the weight and prevalency of Christ's Mediation. He being no Usurper, but a called chosen person, set in lawful Authority, all whose travails receive weight from his Place and Calling: For because he was sent, and had a commandment to travail in the work of his people's Redemption, therefore the work that was set him to do, must prosper, and his travails with both the parties must prevail. John 10:36, Say ye of him whom the Father hath sanctified and sent unto the world, Thou blasphemest; because I said I am the Son of God? Isa. 53:10-11, By his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many, for he shall bear their iniquities. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied.

 

May 22

     This should bear upon us a necessity of receiving the Mediator in his travails about Reconciliation. He is in his Office, and called to travail with you about this work. Take heed how you entertain and answer his propositions of peace, now he is making proposals of peace to you by virtue of this Office which he bears. 2 Cor. 6:2, Behold, now is the accepted time: behold, now is the day of salvation. 2 Cor. 5:20, Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us, we pray you in Christ's stead be ye reconciled to God. Heb. 2:1, 3, Therefore we ought to give the more earnest heed to the things that we have heard, lest at any time we should let them slip…..How shall we escape if we neglect so great salvation? Your slighting of the Gospel, beside the neglect of so great salvation brought to you in the offer, hath also in it great slighting of a chosen Officer, and of a Person called and put in high authority by God, to travail with you in the business of your peace. Heb. 12:25, See that ye refuse not him that speaketh, for if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven.

 

May 23

     This speaks comfort to believers. Christ is Mediator betwixt God and you, by an eternal call from God his Father. He needs not much entreaty to be about the Office whereunto he is called of God (although it be no less your duty to entreat his favor as the Disciples did, than if he had no other calling to it, but your invitation). Luke 24:29, But they constrained him, saying, Abide with us, for it is towards evening, and the day is far spent: and he went in to tarry with them. If you should at any time apprehend that he would refuse your entreaties (which you have no ground to think), yet he will not. He cannot shake off his Father's calling to mediate for you, he dealeth betwixt God and you by virtue of an Office, which having taken upon him by voluntary submission, the duties of that Office lie upon him through a blessed necessity, as is written of the high priest who was a type of him, That by reason hereof, to wit, of his Office, he ought to offer for sins, Heb. 5:3 and 8:3, For every high priest is ordained to offer gifts and sacrifices wherefore it is of necessity that this man have somewhat also to offer. Comfort yourselves, believers in Christ, that besides all the supports of your faith, which you may have from his union of nature with you, and his unction; from his propriety in you, and consanguinity with you; from his gracious qualifications for that work; you have this moreover, That he is your Mediator by Calling, by Office, and can no more decline anything that may be for your good, than he can be unanswerable to his Father's Calling, or unfaithful in his Office, and in the performing the duties thereof, which is impossible.

 

May 24

     Jesus Christ became truly man, as kindly a man as ever lived, true man, but not mere man. Christ's manhood was a true nature, yet no sinful nature, but had only the similitude or likeness of sinful flesh, because he bare all our infirmities in which we say through sin. And it may appear thus:

     1. Jesus Christ hath taken man's nature upon him. Heb. 2:16, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took upon him the seed of Abraham. He catched at it, took hold of it. It properly signifies to catch one who is running away, or falling in a pit; to fetch back or recover again: the same word that's used of Christ's catching hold of Peter when he was like to sink, Matt. 14:31. It is answerable to the word used Gen. 19:16, of the angel's laying hold on Lot's hand. So did Christ in taking our nature upon him.

     2. He took all the parts of a man, body and soul. Matt. 26:38, Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful unto death. Heb. 10:5, A body hast thou prepared me. Luke 24:39, Behold my hands and my feet (that it is I myself); handle me and see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones as ye see me have.

     3. He hath all the names of a man, Adam, Enoch, Ish, Geber, whereof see Zech. 6:12; 13:7; Dan. 7:13.

     4. He took upon him all the affections of a man, fear, and sorrow, and love, and anger, etc. Matt. 26:38, My soul is exceeding sorrowful unto death. Heb. 5:7, And was heard in that he feared. John 11:33, 35-36, He groaned in the spirit and was troubled.....Jesus wept. Then said the Jews, Behold, how he loved him. Mark 10:14, And when Jesus saw it, he was much displeased. Matt. 21:12, And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves, And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves.

     5. He took upon him all the sinless infirmities of a man, to hunger, thirst, be weary, afflicted, tempted, die, etc. Heb. 2:18, For in that he himself hath suffered, being empted. Heb. 4:15, For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities, but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. Heb. 5:2, For that he himself also is compassed with infirmity. Matt. 8:17, Himself took our iniquities, and bare our sicknesses. Matt. 4:2, And when he had fasted forty days, and forty nights, he was afterwards an hungred.

 

May 25

     Consider, in Christ's taking our nature upon him, his condescending love. Union betwixt God and man was the great design intended through the Mediator; this is brought about by his condescension, and our exaltation. Where love is, it will stoop, and the greater condescension, the greater love.

     1. Consider who condescends thus: The higher that the person be who condescends, the more love is in his condescension. If it be a great condescending for God to look down upon things here below, Psal. 113:46, The Lord is high above all nations, and his glory above the heavens;who humbleth himself to behold the things in the heaven, and in the earth: What then must it be for the Son of God to take upon him the form of a creature! Phil. 2:6-7, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God. But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of man. That he that made the world should be made of a woman! That the immortal God should become mortal flesh! It were a great condescension, that the soul of a man should enter into a worm, or that all the angels should become worms; yet that were nothing to Christ's stooping to take our nature upon him.

     2. Consider what he took upon him, not our person, but our nature. Heb. 2:15-16, The seed of Abraham, our flesh and blood, that is our nature. Many can be content to take upon them the persons of men, to represent them, who yet would not be willing to take their nature; but Christ took our nature.

 

May 26

     The end wherefore he took our nature upon him, showeth yet more of his condescending.

     1. It was that he might suffer, and that he might die for us in that nature. Phil. 2:8, And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto the death, even the death of the cross, to be abased in our nature.

     2.  It was for our good, not for anything that it could profit him. Gal. 4:5, To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

     3. He took our nature upon him, not for a day, or a short time, but to continue so. It may be a Prince at a Masque for a little time might be moved to take the form of a servant upon him; but to continue so, he would not be moved. But here is infinite condescension. Christ takes our nature upon him, and keeps it still. He will come again in our nature to judge the world. Acts 1:11, This same Jesus which is taken up from you into heaven, shall come in like manner as ye have seen him go into heaven. Acts 17:31, Because he hath appointed a day in the which he will judge the world in righteousness, by that man whom he hath ordained. Though he doth nothing now in Heaven, but acts of Majesty, being a priest set upon the right hand of the throne of Majesty, Heb. 8:1, yet he will do those acts in our nature; yea, when he shall deliver up the kingdom, see Heb. 6, the Kingdom which he hath received as Mediator. He will not lay down our nature, 1 Cor. 15:24.

 

May 27

     Consider the time when he took our nature upon him; not when our nature was a virgin, but when it was defiled; not man's nature in innocency, but in his sinful, corrupted, condemned, accursed estate. Rom. 8:3, In the likeness of sinful flesh. Rom. 5:10, When we were enemies, and when all the Creatures did hate us; when we were not worth the following, then he did thus condescend to love us, and follow us.

     Consider the manner of his taking our nature upon him.

     1. He doth not personate our nature, but is made flesh, John 1:14.

     2. He does it voluntarily and cheerfully, and with earnest desire, when we were not following him, but fleeing away from him, he himself rose out of his place and followed after us, and caught our nature; as the words signifies. Heb. 2:7, And took upon him the form of a servant. Psal. 40:7, Then said he, Lo, I come.

     3. He takes our nature upon him, with all the infirmities of it. Heb. 2:17, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren. Heb. 4:15, For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities, but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. He would condescend so far, that in all things he would be like us (sin only excepted). And even in that, though he took not the corruption of sin, yet he took upon him the guilt of our sin. 2 Cor. 5:21, For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin. He was legally the sinner, though not intrinsically, and the punishment thereof. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law being made a curse for us. He was content to be numbered with the transgressors, Isa. 53:12. He was content to be punished for our sins, even by God his Father. And, which is yet wonderful, that he might come as near to us as possible, he was content to condescend to be tempted to the thing wherewith it was impossible that he could be tainted. Matt. 4:1, To be tempted of the devil to sin, and yet the prince of the world had nothing in him, John 14:30.

     4. Consider the comparison instituted by the Holy Ghost, which doth yet further and more significantly express this condescending love, Heb. 2:16. It was a favor which he denied to the angels, not at all, or not in any wise. He neither looked after nor sent, nor went after the angels; he neither followed them nor took hold of their nature, nor suffered them to take hold of him; though these glorious spirits were incomparably far above us, that Christ would manifest himself, not in the most glorious creatures, but in our flesh, was strange condescension!

 

May 28

     In Christ's taking our nature, we are to consider the honor and exaltation of our nature, and of us in that union. And, Consider,

     1. The nearer that any creature is to God, the greater honor is put upon it. It is the honor of people that are under ordinances, that they have God near to them. Deut. 4:7, For what nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them, as the Lord our God is in all things, that we call upon him for? It is a more special honor of those that have offices in the house of God. Heb. 5:4, And no man taketh this honour unto himself. Now there is a threefold union;

       (a) Moral, so were men and angels united before the fall.

       (b) Mystical, so are Believers united amongst themselves, and with Christ.

       (c) Hypostatical, so is our nature united with the divine nature in the Person of Christ, there is a personal union of our nature with God. This is the nearest union, and therefore the highest honor and exaltation. Heb. 1:4, Being made so much better than the angels, as he hath by inheritance obtained a more excellent name then they.

May 29

     Consider the Sonship that Christ hath as Mediator, whereby our nature is also highly exalted. The Son of God and our nature have but one Sonship; Heb. 1:5, For unto which of the angels, said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?

 

May 30

     Consider the glorious communion that our nature hath by this union with the Son of God, 'Tis a high and great communion, that angels and the spirits of just men are made perfect, have with God; but the communion that our nature hath with Christ, is far higher. John 3:13, And no man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man which is in heaven. Even the man Christ is God's fellow, Zech. 13:7. This is high communion indeed, whereby all the will of God is known to him, and so to our nature. Col. 1:19, For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell.

 

May 31

     1. What honor is it, that our nature should be the Treasury and Storehouse of all the good which God intends to dispense to men and angels? Col. 2:9, For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily.

     2. What honor is it that all the creatures should worship God in our nature? Heb. 1:6, And again, when he bringeth in the first begotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him. Phil. 2:9-11, Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth. And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord. Willingly or unwillingly, by consent or by constraint, all shall bow to the Lord Mediator, to God in our nature, even to the Son of man.

     3. What honor is it to our nature, that God in the human nature should dispose of the eternal estates of men and angels? for God shall even judge the world by the man Christ, Acts 17:31. John 5:27, And hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man.

June 1

     Yea, by Christ's taking our nature upon him, not only our nature, but we ourselves are honored.  

     1. We have a nearer union with Christ than man in his innocency had with God; a nearer union than the angels have; for believers make up one body with Christ: he is the head, and they are the members. Col. 1:18, And he is the head of the body the Church. Eph. 1:22-23, And gave him to be the head over all things to the Church, which is his body. Heb. 2:11, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified, are all one, for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren.

     2. We are not beholden to one of another nature, not to the angels, nor any other creature. You are independent of them all. You have Salvation by one of your own nature. Heb. 2:16-17, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham. Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.

 

June 2

     Let us consider how Christ's taking our nature upon him, or taking it into the union of his Person, is the great qualification of him for the Office of Mediatorship. Our Mediator behooved to be God manifested in the flesh. Therefore a Mediator must be had, and he must be God and man in one person.

     1. He must be God: for man could not make satisfaction to God for sin. It was the union of the Divine nature with the human, that made all Christ's sufferings meritorious, that made his shoulder fit for the burden and weight of the work of satisfying Divine Justice. Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty. I say therefore, that it was absolutely necessary our Mediator must be God,

       (a) Because these evils which he was to expiate, could never be taken away by any person that was not God. Sin done against an Infinite Majesty, must have an equal satisfaction.

       (b) Because the things with which he was to wrestle, and the Enemies which he was to subdue, could not be wrestled with, nor subdued by any person who was not God. Could a mere man wrestle with the infinite wrath of God? subdue Satan and Death? No, the only human nature of Christ, which in itself is finite and mortal, could not bear up with that, except the person had been God.

       (c) Because the good things which he was to purchase, could never have been purchased by any person who was not God, a happiness far above Adam's, eternal righteousness, the image of God, and communion with him in glory: only the infinite worth of Christ the Son of God, could compass that.

     2. He must not be God only: for a mediator is not a mediator of one, but he must be God manifested in the flesh. He must be man,

       (a) Because his name is to be put in our Bond. He is to stand in our stead, and to put his Soul in our soul's room. Therefore he must be something else than God: for God will have satisfaction to Justice, of man; the soul that sinneth shall die.

       (b) Our Mediator must be a Mediator of satisfaction. A Mediator of intercession may exalt grace and mercy by entreaties, but cannot satisfy Justice: this will not do the turn. The Debt must be paid, the principal Debt. To obey the command, he must be subjected to the Law, and the forfeiture must be satisfied. He must bear the curse and die; for without blood there is no remission. He must then be a man, and must have a body and soul. The nature of angels will not suffice. Heb. 10:5, 9, A body hast thou prepared me.....Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God.  

       (c) He must be one with us, else what he doth cannot be imputed to us; as there must be an imputation of our sin to him, so of his righteousness to us. Now imputation imports an union; for union is the ground of imputation; and it must be an union in nature and Covenant. The angel's sin was not imputed to man, but Adam's was, with whom we were one in nature and Covenant.

       (d) Our Mediator must receive the Spirit, without which we cannot be sanctified. John 17:19, And for their sakes I sanctify myself, that they also might be sanctified through the truth. John 3:35, The Father loveth the Son, and hath given all things into his hand. Now the Father cannot receive the graces of the Spirit, neither the Son as God: for unto that which is infinite, nothing can be added. Therefore our Mediator must have man's nature, which is capable of receiving that which our Mediator must have.

       (e) Our Mediator must convey to us the adoption of sons, and therefore must receive it himself, and so become a man, that he may receive it. Gal. 4:4-6, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba Father. Christ is the natural Son of God. Luke 1:35, That holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God. He is also as man, a Son, Matt. 4:3, And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God. Because Christ owns us as brethren, therefore God is not ashamed to own us as sons. Heb. 2:11, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified, are all of one, for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren. He must be of our kindred; for if Christ had not been our born brother, we could not have been God's children.

       (f) Our Mediator must be such a Person from whom we may receive the inheritance. He must therefore be man; for it is from Christ-man, as he is an heir appointed, Heb. 1:2, that we receive the inheritance. For the natural inheritance of Christ cannot be communicated. Gal. 4:5, 7, To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.... Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son, and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ. Rom. 8:17, And if children, then heirs: heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ. Heb. 9:15, And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first covenant, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.

     (g) Our Mediator must be God and man in one Person, Immanuel, Isa. 7:14, both God and man.

 

June 3

     That the great design and end of the Mediator's Office, might first be accomplished and made manifest in the Mediator's own person. Union betwixt God and man, was the design of a Mediator, and this was done,

     1. In Christ's Person: for in him the houses of Heaven and Earth are allied.

     2. That he might be a person duly qualified for his Office. He must be a Person equally distant from, and equally drawing near unto both the parties. This could not be a Person who was either God alone, or man alone; but God-man is a Person at some distance, and in some nearness with both the parties, having interest in both, and participating of the natures of both: he is a fit daysman to lay his hands on both, Job 9:33.

     3. That he might have access to both parts of his work as Mediator. He had two great trans-actions to go about,

       (a) He was to deal with God for man.

       (b) He was to deal for God with man. Unto these he could not have access without partaking of both the natures.

           (1) That he may deal effectually with God for man, he must be God: for who can have access to deal with God, but a Person who is God, to deal with an angry God? 1 Sam. 1:25.

           (2) That he may deal with man from God, and for God, he must be man; for man cannot endure the voice and presence of God immediately, man unreconciled, man without a Mediator cannot speak with God. Exod. 20:19, And they said unto Moses, Speak thou with us, and we will hear: but let not God speak with us, lest we die. Heb. 12:20-21, For they could not endure that which was commanded. And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake. 

June 4

     Question 1. Why did not God the Father, or the Holy Ghost, take on man's nature to be our Mediator, but the Son, The second Person? Answer. It might suffice for an answer. That so it pleased God in the deep and unsearchable counsel of the Will of all the three Persons, to order it. Psal. 89:19-20, Then thou spakest in vision to thy Holy One and saidst, I have laid help upon one that is mighty. I have exalted one chosen out of the people. I have found David my servant, with my holy oil I have anointed him.

     1. Consider, That by him also he made the worlds, Heb. 1:2. John 1:3, All things were made by him and without him was not any thing made that was made. As who was so fit to restore all things, and to amend the world, to create the new World, as he that created all things? he by whom the world was made? Acts 3:21. The Redemption that came by Christ, and is to be perfected at the day of his coming again, is called by the Apostle the restitution of all things.

     2. Jesus Christ the Son of God, the second Person of the Trinity, is appointed Mediator, and takes our nature upon him, that the order of the three persons of the Godhead, and their working, might in this be manifested unto us. The Father is the first Person and Fountain of divine operation, he works by the Son, and the Father and the Son work by the Holy Ghost. Our Mediator must be a person who must give satisfaction to the Father for us, and who must be able to send the Spirit for our sanctification, and therefore must be the Son and second Person.

     3. Consider the things which we lost in Adam. We lost the Image of God, our Sonship and Inheritance: and who so fit to restore the Image of God, as he who is the image of the invisible God, the express image of his person? Col. 1:15; Heb. 1:3. Who so fit to restore us to a Sonship, as the only begotten Son? John 1:18; Matt. 3:17. Who so fit to restore man to the inheritance, as the heir of all things, and firstborn of every creature? Heb. 1:2; Col. 1:15.

     4. Consider the Offices which our Mediator behooved to carry. He must be a King, a Priest, and a Prophet, and who so fit to be our King, as the Power and Wisdom of God? 1 Cor. 1:24, 30, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God…..Who of God is made unto us wisdom. Col. 2:3, In whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. Who so fit to be our Priest, as he who lieth in the bosom of the Father? Who can have such access to treat for us with God, and such favor with him, as he that lieth in the center and seat of love, the beloved that lieth in the Father's bosom? John 1:18. Matt. 3:17, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Who so fit to be a Prophet to us, as he who is the word of God, who only knoweth and revealeth all his Will? Rev. 19:13; John 1:8; Matt. 11:27.

     5. Consider that reason given by B. Andrews: Because Adam's sin was most directly against the second Person, Gen. 3:5, 22. Man will be as God, and have the knowledge and wisdom of God, which is Christ's prerogative, Col. 2:3. And who so fit to pack up that injury, as the second person? Flesh would have been as the Word, and the Wisdom and Word of God becomes flesh, to raise up ruined man in a quite contrary way to his own sinful design: a marvelous, humble condescension, to expiate so proud a plot!

 

June 5

     Question 2. Why must the Son of God be not only a man, but the Son of man, of the seed of the woman, of the same lump with us? Might not the taking of a created nature have fitted him to be our Mediator? Gal. 4:4, He might have been man, and yet had a body framed for him in heaven, and not made of a woman? Answer. He must be of the same lump with us,

     1. The more to set forth his condescension, and our exaltation: in this his condescension was greater, in taking a nature of the same lump with us; than if he had taken our nature created, as Adam's was. And the exaltation of our nature was the greater, that Christ's flesh was not only of the same kind, but of the same lump with ours.

     2. That we might have the more comfort in his satisfaction: for if he had taken a created nature, that could have reached to a personal satisfaction only. But he takes our nature, and the flesh of our nature, that he might satisfy for the sin of our nature, and make a public satisfaction for the sins of many. The Covenant with Adam being with his nature, not personal; and his sin also being of the same kind, the satisfaction must be in the same nature, and by one of the same lump, and not with a person having that kind of nature, but not the same nature. Heb. 2:14, 9, Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same, that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is the devil…..that he by the grace of God should taste death for every man.

     3. That he might be a fit Mediator, one between two, he behooved to draw as near to us in respect of his human nature, as to God in respect of the Divine nature. He must be a man, and a man of the same lump that his brethren are of; a Priest ordained for men, and taken from among men, Heb. 5:1.

     4. That the alliance with us might be the straighter, and his right of Redemption the stronger. For our Mediator behooved not only to be a Redeemer, but a Goel, one to whom belonged the right of Redemption. Now this could not be, except he were our own kinsman, our brother of the same lump and stock, Deut. 25:5-6, etc. Christ came to raise up seed to his dead kinsman, old Adam, who died without issue of grace (for ought that his seed had from him). Therefore he behooved to be our brother and kinsman; and by this means Christ,

       (a) As the kinsman, not only may do it, but he takes it on him as his duty, v. 7, to perform the duty of a husband's brother. If the kinsman had refused, he is put to open shame, by taking off his shoe; which Christ will not let be done to him.

       (b) By this means the Inheritance (even the better Inheritance than that of Adam's) is settled upon our family. Jer. 32:8, For the right of inheritance is thine, and the redemption is thine.

     5. That he might sanctify our nature in the root, and repair it in the very foundation where Adam defiled it, when he and we have it of the same lump. Now you know it is the firstfruits that sanctifieth the lump, Rom. 11:16, for except he had been the firstfruits of the same lump that we are of, the lump could not have been sanctified by him. Heb. 2:11, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified, are all of one. Col. 1:15, The firstborn of every creature. But  in as much as he is the firstfruits of the same lump with us, he satisfieth our nature in the root, our conception, birth, nursing, education, life, etc.

 

June 6

     Question 3. Why did not the Son of God take upon him Adam's nature in Innocency, when it was a virgin; but he took our nature upon him when it was at the worst, when it was corrupted and accursed? Answer 1. It was not Adam's nature in innocency that needed a Mediator, but sinful nature. Therefore he will take upon him that nature that needed help, and will sanctify it by his taking of it upon him. Rom. 8:3, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh. Answer 2. He did this to magnify his love; there was the more wonderful love in it. There was,

     1. Distinguishing love in it, that put difference betwixt us and the angels. Heb. 2:16, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham.

     2. There was condescending love in it, that loved us at our worst. Rom. 5:8, But God commendeth his love towards us, in that while we were yet sinners Christ died for us. Ezek. 16:8, Now when I passed by thee, and looked upon thee, behold, thy time was the time of love; and I spread my skirt over thee, and covered thy nakedness; yea, I sware unto thee, and entered into a covenant with thee, saith the Lord God, and thou becamest mine.

 

June 7

     Consider, 1. The weaker that the enemy be, the greater is the confusion of them that fall by him. How great is Satan's confusion, that by his power is able to destroy a world of men in a night, if he were permitted, when the man Christ in our nature, and having taken our nature upon him at the worst, is the destruction of the Devil forever? Heb. 2:14, Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same, that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is the devil. When by a babe and suckling the enemy and avenger is stilled, Psal. 8:2.

     Consider 2. For one to perish in his own plot, is a great confusion. When the Devil fell from Heaven, and could not reach angels to tempt them, he becomes man's enemy, and Christ destroys him in man's nature, in the similitude of sinful flesh: he is twice defeated in his own plot, in our nature,

     1. The Devil tempts man to sin, and this proves his greatest confusion, for out of man's fall came the bruising of his head: and it is observable, that in Satan's sentence is put the first promise of Christ to man. Gen. 3:15, And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel; Rom. 8:3.   

     2. When Christ is manifested in the flesh, the Devil tempts men to kill him, and in this plot he is defeated again. Heb. 2:14, That he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is the devil. When he hath made innocent man become sinful flesh, he is destroyed in the similitude of sinful flesh, by the man Christ, who took our nature upon him when it was at the worst.

     3. It is a great confusion for one to have his enemy to become his Judge, and to pronounce the sentence against him, as his Judge. And hereby is Christ yet more glorified in the destruction of man's enemy, the Devil; that the man Christ Jesus in the similitude of our flesh, which he took upon him when it was at the worst, hath judged the Devil, and shall judge men and angels. John 16:11, Of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged. Acts 17:31, Because he hath appointed a day in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained, whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.

     4. Our Mediator behooved to partake of all our infirmities. Isa. 53:3, A man of sorrows: who is to leave us an example of sufferings, and therefore behooved to take our nature upon him when it was at the worst. Heb. 12:2, He endured the cross, despising the shame. 1 Pet. 2:20-21, But if when ye do well, and suffer for it, ye take it patiently, this is acceptable before God. For even hereunto were ye called, because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that we should follow his steps. He is a Mediator that is to be made perfect through sufferings, Heb. 5:8-9; 2:10, Which agrees not with man's nature in innocency.

 

June 8

     Question 4. Why must our Mediator be born of the seed of Abraham, and when? was there any matter what prerogatives he had? might he not have been of any other stock, since he is to be the redeemer of man, both Jews and Gentiles, Heb. 2:16? Answer. 1. That he might be known to be the promised Messias, of whom all the Prophets had spoken, all which agree that he should be a Jew by Nation, of Abraham's seed, and David's son. Deut. 18:15, The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me: unto him ye shall hearken. Gen. 22:18, And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed. Psal. 132:11, The Lord hath sworn in truth unto David, he will not turn from it,  Of the fruit of thy body will I set upon thy throne. Answer 2. Because God had then no other people in the world at that time, but Abraham's seed; and he would honor his own people, by taking his human nature of their family. Answer 3. Christ was to be subject to the Law, even the ceremonial Law, which was among the Jews only.

 

June 9

     Question 5. Why must our Mediator be made under the law, Gal. 4:4? Or subject to the Law both Moral and Ceremonial? Answer. That the Law might reach him as the sinner legally, as one that was made sin for us. For if he had not been made under the law, he had been without the compass of it, it could not have reached him, nor taken hold of him, as one who took our Law-place upon him, and so we should not have been the better of him. The taking on of our nature, could not have profited us, except he had also taken on our condition, as we were sinful men, liable to the sentence of the Law, for the transgression thereof, which is expressed Gal. 4:5, by our being under the law, that was our condition; and that he might take it on him, he is made under the law. More particularly,

     1. He was made under the Moral Law, under the whole Law.

       (a) Under the Directive part of it, which he fulfilled and established; he satisfied that part of the Law, without breaking so much as one jot or tittle of it; and established it to be a rule to all his, that by the obedience thereof they should testify their love to him. 2 Cor. 5:14-15, For the love of Christ constraineth us, because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead: and that he died for all, that they which live, should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.

       (b) He was made under the Forfeiture and penalty of the Law; which he fulfilled and abolished; to wit, the Forfeiture which we had incurred, and by Forfeiture had brought ourselves under the penalty of death therein contained. Col. 2:14, Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross. And this he satisfied by his obedience, even to the suffering of death nostra vice, in our stead or room; and so he satisfied the Law fully, and cancelled the sentence thereof.

     2. He was made under the Ceremonial Law. Luke 2:21-24, And when eight days were accomplished, for the purification of the child, his name was called JESUS, etc. Ceremonies fall under a threefold consideration:

       (a) As they are Ordinances, and so he was made under them to sanctify them; for Christ needed not circumcision nor baptism, but by him they are sanctified.

       (b) As they are types, and so the whole Ceremonial Law was fulfilled in Christ. Col. 2:17, Which are a shadow of things to come, but the body is Christ.

       (c) As they are burdens, and so they are removed by Christ. Acts 15:10, Now therefore, why tempt ye God to put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?

     He was then made under the Ceremonial Law, to fulfill and abolish it: For if Christ had not come and been under it, we had still remained under the burden of it. But by his being a Jew, made under the Law, we enjoy these privileges of freedom from that yoke which believers enjoy under the new testament.

 

June 10

     Question 6. Why was the Son of God born of a virgin, and not of a married woman? Answer. 1. That he might answer the type given of him by the Holy Ghost, in Melchisedec's Priesthood. Heb. 7:3; 15, Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life, but made like unto the Son of God, abideth a priest continually…..And it is yet far more evident, for that after the similitude of Melchisedec, there ariseth another priest. Answer 2. To answer the predictions of his miraculous conception: Christ's being manifested in the flesh

was miraculous, and foretold to be so; and that it might be the better known to be so, God will have his Son come into the world in a miraculous manner. Dan. 2:45, Forasmuch as thou sawest that the stone was cut out of the mountain without hands, etc. As also he went out of the world in like manner. Acts 1:11, This same Jesus which is taken up from you into heaven, shall come in like manner as ye have seen him go into heaven. Therefore also the angels came down at his birth, to waken up men unto the observation of that miracle. Luke 2:13-14, And suddenly there was with the angels a multitude of the heavenly host praising God, and saying, Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will towards men. It is a sign above nature. Isa. 7:14, Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign, Behold, a virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall call his name Immanuel. A matter that reason comprehendeth not, faith only dealeth in it. Answer 3. Because Original sin (at least the stain and filth thereof) cometh to us by propagation. Therefore he must not come into the world in the ordinary way, being that he must be separated from sinners, and be that holy thing upon which the corruption of our nature cannot fall, Heb. 7:26; Luke 1:35. Being also conceived of the Holy Ghost, to sanctify the seed of the woman. Luke 1:35, And the angel answered, and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee, therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.

 

June 11

     Question 7. Why is Christ made man in the fullness of time, and not sooner nor later? Answer. It may satisfy and content us, that it is written, Gal. 4:2, that was the time appointed of the Father. It liked him to appoint that time. Consider,

     1. God will have the world to know their own condition, to try their own wisdom, and he will give them time to do so, if the world can do anything for themselves to deliver the creature from vanity and bondage, unto which it was made subject: by reason of corruption. And when the world in so long time might see that they could do nothing for their own happiness and Redemption, then God will send his Son, and let out his wisdom in Christ, that had been hid from the world ever since the fall, when the Law of God written in man's heart was corrupted, and all things out of order so that by the light of nature, and rules of virtue, no man could find out the way to happiness, nor discover anything of Christ. 1 Cor. 1:20-21, Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world? For after that in the wisdom of God, the world by wisdom knew not God; it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe.

     2. God will have his people to wait long, and to be much exercised, before he let out great mercies, and fulfill great promises to them. And so it is in this: If in the fulfilling of the promise of bringing Abraham's seed to Canaan, he would be so long waited on: If in the destruction of Antichrist he will be so many years waited on, before he fulfill his promise; What wonder that he will be waited on for the promise of Christ longer, even till the fulness of time, this being the greater promise that ever he made to his people? He will have the consolation of Israel waited for, and redemption in Jerusalem looked for, Luke 2:25, 38.

 

June 12

     It was love that made him condescend; it hath been and will be the admiration of angels. Luke 2:13-14, And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host, praising God, and saying, Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will towards men. 1 Pet. 1:12, Which things the angels desire to look into. And how is it that we want affections and admirations? Beside what I have before said, these things wonderfully set out Christ's love,

     1. That he would not entrust our Redemption to angels, but he would come himself, and work it. Heb. 1:5, For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee?

     2. That for the payment of our debt, and in order to his being in a capacity to do so, he would be in the same condition of clay with us, a worm and not a man, Psal. 22:6.

     3. That he would not buy us at a base ransom, but at a great price, he would breathe out his life for us. 1 Pet. 1:18-19, Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, but with the precious blood of Christ.

     4. That he would condescend thus singularly to love man, to love him so, as that he loved not any other creature that sinned against him. Heb. 2:16, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham.

 

June 13

     Let this raise up our hearts to thankfulness, when we think of Christ's Incarnation,

     1. This is the greatest demonstration of his readiness to save sinners. The principal errand Christ had unto the world, and in taking our nature, was to save sinners. Matt. 9:13, I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance. You may therefore be assured of his readiness to receive such when they come unto him.

     2. This is the Fountain of all the promises of the Covenant of Grace: the three greatest promises in all the Covenant flow from Christ's Incarnation. I will be your God: I will give you my Son: and, I will give you my Spirit. All these, and all the rest too, flow from this Fountain; for neither the Father, the Son, nor the Spirit are given to us, but through a Mediator, and through his assuming of our nature. Eph. 1:3, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ.

 

June 14

     As the union of the two natures in our Mediator, holds out the exaltation of our nature; Hence,

     1. Let us wonder what is man thus to be exalted: the eighth Psalm is written for this end, that we may wonder at man's exaltation, not in Creation only, but in Redemption, as verse 2 shows, which is applied to Christ. Matt. 21:16, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings, thou hast perfected praise: how should this provoke to admiration, that in our nature the fulness of the Godhead should dwell bodily, Col. 2:9.

     2. Let us take Christ's coming in the flesh, and the exalting of our nature, by the personal union with the Godhead, for a pledge of the fulfilling of all other promises, and granting all other mercies and salvation to us. The root and body of the promises is come, the branches will follow also. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him are Amen. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things? This pledge was used by Isaiah, as a confirmation from God, and a ground of assurance for delivering the Church from Ashur. Isa. 7:11, 14, Ask thee a sign of the Lord thy God, ask it either in the depth, or in the height above…..Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign, Behold, A virgin shall conceive, and bare a son, and shall call his name Immamuel. And shall we distrust him for granting any other petition, or deliverance, who hath granted the main one?

     3. Let us take boldness to come to God through Christ's flesh. The great Courtier in Heaven is of our kindred; take courage, and improve the favor and friendship that our brother hath in Heaven. Heb. 10:19-22, Having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which he hath consecrated for us, through the veil, that is to say, his flesh. And having an high priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a true heart, in full assurance of faith.

 

June 15

     As the union of the two natures in our Mediator holds out his due qualification and fitness for his office:

     1. Behold in him a general fitness to receive each Person, whose nature he beareth. I say, a fitness to receive them, even all sorts of persons without exception; there is none who needs him and cometh to him, needs to distrust him. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore, he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

     2. Let this encourage such as are afraid to draw near to God for union and reconciliation with him, because of their estrangement sent from him, through loss of his Image. Lo, he is willing to unite himself to thee, and hath given assurance of it in his Son, by virtue of his union with our nature, Rom. 8:3.

     3. When we find difficulty to draw near to God, or languishing in the life of our faith toward God: Let us draw near to God, the flesh of our Mediator, for influences, and learn to come to God through the veil of his flesh, Heb. 10:20. Jesus Christ is not strange, he is near to us, and his graces cannot be far off. Rom. 10:6, 8, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? ....The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that is the word of faith which we preach. But it is with many, and even with the most part, as with the ten Tribes, who pleaded kindred and blood to David, yet there were but two tribes that clave to him; and being nearer in kindred, would not be beaten from him, 1 Kings 12:16-17. Some talk lustily, and bear themselves boldly upon Christ in words; others are near of kin to him, and will not be beaten from him.

 

June 16

     Christ Mediator is anointed to be Prophet, Priest, and King of his Church.

     1. His Designation for these Offices in the Counsel of God. Isa. 42:1, Behold, my servant whom I uphold, mine elect in whom my soul delighteth. So the word is used, 1 Sam. 16:13, of David's first Designation to succeed in the Kingdom to Saul, long before he came to the Government.

     2. The declaration of his being designed unto these Offices. Psal. 2:7, I will declare the decree, the Lord hath said unto me, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee. So anointing is taken in the case of God's declaring Jehu successor in the Kingdom, 1 Kings 19:16 with 2 Kings 9:1.

     3. The separating of him, or setting him apart for these Offices. Psal. 89:20, I have found David my servant, with my holy oil have I anointed him. So the word is used, 1 Chron. 29:22; 1 Sam. 15:17 with Psal. 105:15.

     4. The public solemn investing him in these Offices, with power and authority to exercise them. Acts 10:38, How God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power, who went about doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil, for God was with him. Luke 1:32, And the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David. And it's from his anointing that Christ hath his name. John 1:41, We have found the Messias, which is, being interpreted, the Christ. Luke 9:20, The Christ of God.

 

June 17

     1. He came to reveal a new way of happiness, and therefore behooved to be a Prophet. Acts 7:37, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him shall you hear. Heb. 2:3, How shall we escape if we neglect so great salvation, which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord?

     2. He came to purchase and acquire this new blessedness, and therefore behooved to be a Priest, to offer Sacrifice for it. Heb. 9:15, And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions of the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.

     3. He came to make application of his purchase, and therefore behooved also to be a King. Heb. 5:9, And being made perfect, he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him.

 

June 18

     Christ Mediator as a Prophet, travaileth in begetting a right understanding betwixt the two parties that are at variance, betwixt God and man; and to this effect, being intimately acquainted with all his Father's secrets,

     1. He publisheth and declareth all the mind of God to his people, especially in revealing the gracious purpose of God concerning the way and means of reconciliation. Matt. 11:27, Neither knoweth any man the Father save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him. Eph. 2:17, And came and preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were nigh.

     2. He worketh the effectual knowledge of God, and of his will, in his people's heart. See 2 Cor. 4:6, For God who caused the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. Luke 1:77, 79, To give knowledge of salvation unto his people, by the remission of their sins.....To give light to them that sit in darkness, and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet in the way of peace.

     3. He removeth the mistakes and prejudices whereby the alienation betwixt God and man is heightened and continued; and this by imparting the true mind of the parties to each other. Eph. 4:21, If so be that ye have heard him, and have been taught by him as the truth is in Jesus. This is the nature and use of his prophetical Office, which he executeth by his word and spirit, causing light first to appear, and then to shine into the hearts of his people.

 

June 19

     The end of this Office, and his exercising it after this manner, is to promote his great design of reconciliation, which is the end of his Mediation. And this he doth, by declaring the mind of the parties to each other, removing mistakes, which increase alienation, begetting a good understanding, and thereby working a compliance betwixt the parties. And in respect of this Office mainly he is called a Prophet, Deut. 18:15; Acts 3:22: and by way of eminency, the Prophet and that Prophet, John 6:14 and 7:40: and the Angel or Messenger of the Covenant, who published and revealed it, Mal. 3:1: and the Word, John 1:14; Rev. 19:3, who revealeth the will of God, whereof I have already spoken; and a Witness, or teacher and testifier of the will of God, Isa. 55:4; Rev. 3:14: and the Apostle of our profession, Heb. 3:1: and the Wisdom of God, 1 Cor. 1:24; Col. 2:3.

 

June 20

     Christ Mediator in his Priesthood travaileth,

     1. About Satisfaction.

     2. Intercession. Isa. 53:12, Because he hath poured out his soul unto death, and he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressor; and about both these in order to Reconciliation, which is the great business belonging to the Mediator's Office.

     He performs the great work of satisfaction for our sins, by offering up himself a sacrifice to death, after he had given perfect obedience to the Law. Heb. 9:26, But now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. And this he did as our Surety, he stood in the elect's room, and Justice did strike him in their stead. Isa. 53:5, He was oppressed, etc., or rather, according to the original, he was exalted, and answered; that is, God the Father required satisfaction for our sins, and his Son (as our Surety) answered for us.

 

June 21

     Unto this Office belongeth his Intercession, which is performed in the virtue of the satisfaction given by him to Divine Justice, and the Sacrifice once offered up by him. Isa. 53:12, He poured out his soul unto death…..and made intercession for the transgressors. Heb. 9:24, For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us. And this according to the two parts of the high priest's Office, which were,

     1. The offering of sacrifice.

     2. The presenting of it in the Holy of Holies with prayer and intercession, that God would accept it for the sins of the people, see Lev. 16. The excellency of this Priesthood of our Mediator, was typified by Aaron's Priesthood in these two parts of it; and more eminently and excellent in Melchisedec's Priesthood, which showed also the continuance of Christ's Priesthood forever, and the excellency of it above Aaron's, Psal. 110; Heb. 5 and 7 chap.

 

June 22

     Concerning the nature and parts of this Office, we shall only observe these three things:

     1. That Christ Mediator did and doth both the parts of this Office on earth, and in Heaven, but with this difference,

       (a) On earth he eminently sacrificed and offered up himself. Heb. 9:14, How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God. Yet he interceded also. Heb. 5:7, Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared.    

       (b) In Heaven he eminently intercedes. Heb. 7:25, Seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. Heb. 9:24, But into heaven itself now to appear in the presence of God for us. But he offereth up himself also, by presenting the sacrifice, and offering of himself, which was once made. Heb. 12:24, We are come, saith the Apostle, to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.

     2. That all Christ's satisfaction and Priesthood would be ineffectual for our good, if he did not continue in the exercise of it by his intercession in Heaven, whereby he becometh the applying cause of salvation to us. Heb. 5:10-11, Called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec; of whom we have many things to say, and hard to be uttered, seeing ye are dull of hearing. Rom. 5:10, For if when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more being reconciled we shall be saved by his life.

     3. That the design carried on by this Office is the same as in the former, to wit, Reconciliation, which is promoted through this Office,

       (a) By his giving satisfaction to Justice.

       (b) By his application of that satisfaction, and making Atonement for the sins of his people.

 

June 23

The nature and use of Christ's Kingdom,

     1. That it is Dispensatory; Christ Mediator is a King appointed, a Viceroy and Deputy-governor in subordination to his Father. Psal. 2:6. Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion. John 5:23, That all men should honour the Son even as they honour the Father; he that honoureth not the Son, honoureth not the Father that sent him: a Kingdom which is to be rendered up again to him who gave it to him, 1 Cor. 15:24, Then cometh the end when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father, when he shall have put down all rule and all authority and power. His Kingdom as Mediator, is not regnum naturale, which he hath as God co-essential with his Father, but regnum, which he hath by donation and unction from his Father.

     2. That it is very large, yea universal; for it is all power in heaven and earth, Matt. 28:18: and it reacheth to the upholding all things by the word of his power, Heb. 1:3. It is over all the creatures. Eph. 1:22, And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the Church. Over all Mankind. Dan. 7:14, And there was given him dominion and glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations and languages should serve him. Rev. 17:14, He is Lord of lords, and King of kings. Over the Reprobate as well as the elect. Psal. 110:1, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. Over all ages and generations of men: Dan. 7:14, his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away; and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed. Although it be more special, and he be a King more peculiarly to the Church and the elect World, Psal. 2:6, 8-9, Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion…..Ask of me, and I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession: thou shalt break them with a rod of iron, thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel. And that both outwardly, by appointing them Laws, Ordinances and Officers. Isa. 9:6-7, For unto as a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counselor, the mighty God, the everlasting Father, the Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end; upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with justice and with judgment from henceforth even for ever. And inwardly by ruling in their hearts. Luke 17:21, Neither shall they say, Lo here, or lo there: for behold, the kingdom of God is within you. Ezek. 36:27, And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments and do them. Jer. 31:33, But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and  write it in their hearts. And his Kingdom is over other creatures, but for the cause and behoove of the elect. Eph. 1:22, And gave him to be the head over all things to the Church.

     3. It is Spiritual, over the souls and consciences of men, to awe and overrule the hearts of men, to captivate their affections. Rom. 14:17, For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink, but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost. John 18:36, Jesus answered and said, My kingdom is not of this world. John 6:15, When Jesus therefore perceived that they would come and take him by force to make him a king, he departed again into a mountain himself alone. To break in pieces his enemies with an iron rod, to rule and slay them with the words of his mouth. Psal. 110:2, Rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. Isa. 11:4, But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with equity for the meek of the earth; and he shall smite the earth with the rod of his mouth, and with the breath of his lips shall he slay the wicked.

     4. It is everlasting. Dan. 2:44, And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom which shall never be destroyed: and the kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand for ever. Dan. 7:14, His dominion is an everlasting dominion which shall not pass away, and his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed. Heb. 1:8, But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: and although it be said, 1 Cor. 15:24, he shall give the kingdom to his Father, yet his Kingdom shall not then cease.

     5. In the kingdom of Christ Mediator, he doth all things with authority and power, and yet it is wholly ruled by his Word and Spirit. He doth all things in his Kingdom, not by outward secular force, but by his influences upon the spirits of men, and determining them in a secret way, whether providentially, or by saving and sanctifying influences. Zech. 4:6, Not by might, nor by power, but by my spirit, saith the Lord of Hosts. Psal. 110:1-2, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand until I make thine enemies thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. 2 Thess. 2:8, And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming.

     6. The great work of his Kingly Power is to employ it for saving of his people, and subduing his and their enemies, to bring to pass his purpose of the one and the other, either without or against all contradiction, Psal. 110 throughout; Psal. 2 throughout. Phil. 2:9-10, Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth.

     7. The great and special end of Christ's Kingly Office, is to make his other Offices effectual for the saving of his elect, to support his Priesthood and Prophecy, and to give vigor and efficacy to them: for except Christ had been a Prince that had power over his friends and foes, his other Offices could never have been made effectual to the elect, nor he a captain of salvation to them, Heb. 2:10. Therefore also he is set forth as a Priest upon a Throne, who carrieth all things as a King with power. Heb. 1:3, When he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high. It is his Kingdom which effects that Reconciliation which is the end of a Mediator, that which his Prophecy teacheth, and his Priesthood and Sacrifice hath purchased. He sits as a King, and conveys the power of it into the soul. 2 Cor. 10:4-5, (For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal but mighty through God, to the pulling down of strong holds;) and casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ.

 

June 24

     Here observe the sweet concurrence of the three Offices in the Mediator Christ.

     1. All these Offices level at one end, to wit, Reconciliation and Salvation, which is the great business wherefore a Mediator was appointed. 2 Cor. 5:19, God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself: but with this difference, his Prophecy teaches the way of Reconciliation. Acts 3:22, Him shall ye hear in all things whatsoever he shall say unto you. His Priesthood opened the way, and purchased the peace. Heb. 9:14-15, How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God. And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death for the redemption of the transgressors that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance. His Kingdom doth effect and do the business. John 12:32, And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. Col. 1:20-21, And having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things to himself, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in heaven. And you that were sometimes alienated, and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled.

     2. These three Offices in our Mediator, concur to do the same work, but in divers ways, that our Reconciliation and Salvation might be the more complete and sure. He would have us saved, Heb. 7:25, to the utmost, or, as the word is rendered by some, over and above all manner of ways.

       (a) Christ as Priest through his death reconcileth us to God, and saveth us (as captives are redeemed) by Ransom and Price. Heb. 10:12, But this man after he had offered one sacrifice for sins, for ever sat down on the right hand of God. Col. 1:1, 20, And having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things to himself. Rom. 5:10, For if when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, etc.

       (b) Christ as King, by his Resurrection and Ascension effectuates our Salvation by power and conquest. Heb. 2:14, That through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is the devil. Eph. 4:8, Wherefore he saith, When he ascended up on high, he led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men.

       (c) Christ as Prophet effectuates our reconciliation with God, and Salvation, by our own consent: informing our judgments, begetting a good understanding betwixt God and us; removing mistakes, and making us willing to be reconciled unto him, and saved by him. Psal. 110:2-3, The Lord shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion…..Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power: in the beauties of holiness, from the womb of the morning, thou hast the dew of thy youth. This he effects by Treaty, till he hath concluded favor and friendship betwixt the parties by voluntary consent in a Covenant. Rev. 22:17, And the Spirit, and the bride say, Come.

     3. These Offices in our Mediator sweetly concur together to meet with three great Evils in our natural condition (which are comprehensive of all our misery), and to deal in taking them away:

       (a) Christ as a Prophet dealeth with our Ignorance of God, and blindness: and removeth that, by applying himself to us in the exercise of that teaching Office. Eph. 4:18, 21, Having the understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance, that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart…..If so be that ye have heard him, and been taught by him, as the truth is in Jesus.

       (b) Christ as Priest, with his Atonement and Satisfaction, dealeth with our alienation and estrangement from God, and our enmity against him, which is the fruit of our Ignorance of him; and by making a satisfaction to offended Justice, he takes away the enmity. Eph. 4:18, Being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that is in them. See Rom. 5:10, When we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son. Col. 1:21, And you that were sometimes alienated, and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled.

       (c) Christ as a King dealeth with our Impotency and Rebellion, which is the third great evil in our unnatural condition, which he sweetly subdueth by the power and dominion of his grace. Psal. 45:5, Thine arrows are sharp in the heart of the king's enemies, whereby the people fall under thee. Rev. 6:2, And he went forth conquering and to conquer. Or the harmony of these Offices may be conceived thus:

           (1) That Christ as a Prophet dealeth eminently with the understandings of men, to persuade and convince them by his teaching. 2 Cor. 4:4, 6, In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine in them…..for God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of  the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

           (2) Christ as a Priest, as a merciful, loving, condescending man, who hath laid down his life for us, useth entreaties, and dealeth with the affections mainly, when the judgment is informed by his prophecy and teaching. 2 Cor. 5:20, Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us, we pray you in Christ's stead be ye reconciled to God.

           (3) Christ as King dealeth with the wills of men, the proudest and highest enemy that Christ hath in our nature, which he subdues and overpowers by determinating grace. Psal. 110:3, Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power.

 

June 25

     Let us make use of Christ Mediator in all his Offices, and acknowledge him in them all, and take notice of the concurrence of these for effecting our happiness. And for this effect,

     1. Let us study to be acquainted with our need of Christ in all his Offices. Some men know not their need of a Priest, but very few know their need of a Teacher. They think they are very knowing, while they are blind; but far fewer know their need of a King. They think they can rule themselves. Rom. 7:9, For I was alive without the law once: but when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died. And yet our need of all these is such, that we could not have been completely saved, if any of these Offices had been wanting in our Mediator. We stand in need of a Prophet, a Priest, and a King.

     2. Study to know, and be convinced, that there is in us a natural enmity against all these Offices of Christ the Mediator:

       (a) Enmity against him as a Prophet, against his Teaching and his Truth; disliking his truths which cross our lusts. John 6:60, Many therefore of his disciples when they had heard this, said, This is an hard saying, who can bear it? Quenching and resisting the voice and teaching of his Spirit. Isa. 63:10, But they rebelled and vexed his holy Spirit.

       (b) Enmity against him as a Priest, by undervaluing his Person, Suffering, Satisfaction, Righteousness, and Merits. Rom. 10:3, For they being ignorant of God's righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God.

       (c) Enmity against him as a King; against his spiritual Worship, Commands, Wages: a principle which controls them, and rebels against him. Rom. 7:23, But I see another law in my members warring against the law of my mind, bringing me into captivity to the law of sin, which is in my members.

     3. We must take with our need of Christ in these his Offices, and lay down our enmity against them; that is, in the knowledge that we need not only a Priest, but a Prophet, and a King. We must break off our rebellions against these his Offices, and lay down the weapons whereby we have opposed them, which are mainly self-conceit, and knowledge, or Science, safely so called, opposing him as a Prophet. 1 Cor. 8:2, And if any man thinks that he knoweth any thing, he knoweth nothing yet as he ought to know: and self-will, opposing his Kingdom, refusing to admit of his Laws within us. Luke 19:14, We will not have this man to rule over us: and self-worth, or righteousness, opposing his Priesthood, by setting up something in the place of it. Rom. 10:3, For they being ignorant of God's righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, etc.

     4. Let us by all means take heed that the grace of God tendered to us through a Mediator in all these Offices, be not in vain, through our not seeking to it, and laying hold on it. Heb. 4:1-2, Let us therefore fear, lest a promise being left us of entering into his rest, any of you should seem to come short of it. For unto us was the gospel preached, as well as unto them: but the word preached did not profit them, not being mixed with faith in them that heard it. A Court of Justice is a public Sanctuary; but it actually relieveth none but those that seek unto it. Heb. 6:18, We might have a strong consolation who have fled for refuge, to lay hold on the hope set before us. It is in vain as to our profit, that Christ carrieth these Offices, if we do not make application to him for his Teaching, his Sacrifice, and his Government. Gal. 2:21, Do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain. 2 Cor. 6:1, We beseech you also, that ye receive not the grace of God in vain.

     5. Let us have our hearts jointly and equally satisfied to receive him in all his Offices, and not to divide his complete Unction. Isa. 55:4, Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people. Acts 5:31, Him hath God exalted with his right hand, to be a Prince and a Saviour, to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins. Jer. 31:33-34, But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the Lord, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts, and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every his neighbour, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the Lord; for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification and redemption. There be who divide his Offices, who would be saved by his Priesthood, but will neither be taught by his Prophecy, nor ruled by his Kingdom. Others, who would be both saved and taught, but not commanded by him. Again, There be who would divide the things belonging to his Offices: As,

       (a) Who would submit to his teaching by outward Ordinances, but will not submit themselves to the inward teaching of his Spirit.  

       (b) Who will be content to take his satisfaction, and merit of his death, but think they need not his intercession.

       (c) Who would take the protection of his Kingdom, but will not have the Laws and Government thereof.

       (d) Who would be made happy by his means, but will not be made holy.

 

June 26

     1. Let us labor to seek within us the experiment of the virtue of each of his Offices, and of the several parts thereof, and things pertaining to the same.

     2. Let us study to experience the power and efficacy of his Priesthood in both parts thereof, of his Satisfaction, and of his Intercession; of the death and life of our Priest, and that to all the intents of these parts of that Office, for Reconciliation, for access to God, for bringing you in favor, for keeping you in favor, for perseverance, for righteousness, for holiness, and for salvation. Rom. 5:9-10, Much more then being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him. For if when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son: much more being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life. Heb. 4:14, Seeing then that we have a great high priest that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our profession. And 10:22, Let us draw near, in the full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, sanctification, and redemption. Acts 5:31, Him hath God exalted with his right hand, to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins. Heb. 9:15, And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death for the redemption of  the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.

     3. Let it be our endeavor also to feel within us the virtue of his Kingdom, by taking on his yoke, submitting to his commands. Matt. 11:29, Take my yoke upon you. Admitting him as a King upon a throne, to rule within us. Luke 17:21, Behold the kingdom of God is within you. Yielding him service. Psal. 2:11-12, Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice with trembling. Kiss the Son lest he be angry. Subduing your lusts. 2 Cor. 10:4-5, (For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but mighty through God, to the pulling down of strong holds;) casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God; and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ. Committing yourselves to his protection, and making it your refuge. 2 Tim. 1:12, For I know whom I have believed; and I am persuaded, that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him against that day.

June 27 

     Mainly, by the anointing of Christ with the Holy Ghost, we understand two things, which we find joined with the Spirit promised to him:

     1. All the Gifts and Graces of the Spirit in copious and abundant measure, and according to the highest pitch and degree that the human nature of Christ was capable to receive; and so the Spirit put upon him, is joined with the variety and eminency of excellent gifts, Isa. 11:2, etc.

     2. The unutterable assurance and presence of the Spirit, bearing his Human nature up in all that he was to do as Mediator, that he should not serve on his own charges. See Isa. 42:1-2, Behold my servant whom I have chosen: mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth. I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles: He shall not cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street, etc. Psal. 89:21, With whom my hand shall be established: mine arm also shall strengthen him. And both these the holy Human nature of Christ needed, for these reasons:

        (a) For the things which he was to suffer: If Christ had nothing to do but active obedience, the spirit of Adam or confirmed angels, might have done his turn. But he had another work to do (which would have crushed those excellent creatures) to satisfy justice, and lie under the infinite wrath of God, and therefore needed more than they received. Heb. 9:14, He is said to have offered up himself, by the power of the eternal Spirit, which I take to signify, not only the Godhead which gave value to his suffering, but the assistance of the Holy Ghost whereby he was marvelously helped (I mean his human nature) to go through those sufferings.

       (b) Because his anointing was intended to run over to his people, and the off fallings of it was designed to fill them; therefore it behooved to be without measure; such a measure as cannot be comprehended by any other creature. John 1:16, Of his fulness do we receive. Psal. 133:2, It is like the precious ointment upon the head, that ran down upon the beard, even Aaron's beard, that went down to the skirts of his garments. Psal. 68:18, Thou hast ascended on high, thou hast led captivity captive, thou hast received gifts for men; yea, for the rebellious also, that the Lord might dwell among them: with Eph. 4:8, He led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men. John 5:26, For as the Father hath life in himself, so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself.

       (c) Because God hath so contrived the business of Grace, that no created thing can act without the Spirit: not Adam, not the angels, not the holy human nature of Christ; that all creatures might be known to have no self-sufficiency; but to be very depending things upon God, and upon grace, the assisting-grace of his Spirit, that framed them, and gave them being. Matt. 3:15, And Jesus answering, said unto him, Suffer it to be so now, for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Rom. 11:36, For of him, and through him, and to him are all things, to whom be glory for ever.

 

June 28

     It was not one Spirit which Christ received, and another which believers receive: grace in him, and in them, differ not in kind, but in degrees. See John 1:14, 16, And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.....And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace. Psal. 45:7, Thy God hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows. Gal. 4:6, And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba Father. Rom. 8:9, 11, But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his…..But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead, dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead, shall also quicken  your mortal bodies, by his Spirit that dwelleth in you.

     For, Consider the Unction of the human Nature of Christ,

     1. It was Created grace wherewith he was anointed. It was grace given upon the one part, and received upon the other: it was grace poured out and infused in the same manner as believers receive grace. Psal. 68:18, Thou hast received gifts for men; yea, for the rebellious also, that the Lord might dwell among them. Psal. 45:2, 7, Grace is poured into thy lips, therefore hath God blessed thee for ever.....Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness, therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with oil of gladness above thy fellows.

     2. It was grace, which being finite, did receive increase. Luke 2:40, 52, And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with wisdom, and the grace of God was upon him.....And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man; as all his members do. Eph. 4:13, Till all we come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ.

     3. It must needs be of the same kind, seeing our grace and Unction is part of his fullness. John 1:16, And of his fulness have all we received and grace for grace. 1 John 2:20, 27, But ye have an unction from the holy one…..But the anointing which you have received of him, abideth in you. Yet so, as Christ is not degraded from his Sovereignty by his partner's exaltation. Col. 1:18, And he is the head of the body, the Church; who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things he might have the preeminence.

 

June 29

     Concerning the measure of Christ's Unction: although his Unction differ not in kind from the Unction of believers. Yet the measure of it so far exceeds our measure, that in respect thereof it is without measure, and yet the human Nature of Christ had not infinite grace; for thereof it was not capable. It is as the Ocean compared with the drop of a Bucket; the spirit and grace was in him as water in the Fountain; in us, as water in the cistern; communication in regard of Christ, is full and immediate. Grace is in him as the money in the treasure, which is disbursed to us according to our need; grace is in him as life and sense is eminently in the heart and head, which is diffused into his members. John 5:26, For as the Father hath life in himself, so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself. John 6:57, As the living Father hath sent me, and I live by the Father: so he that eateth me, even he shall live by me. Psal. 45:2, 7, Thou art fairer than the children of men, grace is poured into thy lips…..God, thy God, hath anointed thee with  the oil of gladness above thy fellows. Col. 1:18, And he is the head of the body, the Church, who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things he might have the preeminence.

 

June 30

     Concerning the time of Christ's Unction: whether he received the Spirit without measure, in that copious abundant effusion, from the womb, and first moment of his conception. We say he was anointed even from the first union of his two Natures in his person. The Godhead did sanctify the human Nature, and make it holy, undefiled; and infused all graces, as appears from Luke 1:35, Therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee, shall be called the Son of God. Heb. 7:26, For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heaven. And from the glorious effects thereof, which did early appear in him, Luke 2:42-49. Yet so, as he did more fully receive the anointing, and the Spirit without measure, when he was to appear publicly, in the entire executing of his Offices, which was about the thirtieth year of his age. Luke 3:23 with 4:1, 22, And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost, etc…..And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth. Which was typified in David's being twice anointed, once when he was first designed King, 1 Sam. 16:13, and again, when he was invested in the presence of the people, 2 Sam. 2:4. Which was also held forth in the visible sign of the Holy Ghost, his descending upon him at his baptism, Matt. 3:16. And was intimated to John beforehand. John 1:33-34, And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost. And I saw, and bare record, that this is the Son of God, i.e. That he who as man should receive the Spirit, should also as God, yea, as Mediator, give the Spirit to others.

July 1

     Concerning the extent of his Unction, as it reacheth unto all the parts of his Mediatorship, and the furnishing him for them.

     1. He was anointed to be a Prophet, furnished with a dexterity to preach the Gospel. Luke 4:18-19, 22, The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor, he hath sent me to heal the broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the captives; and recovering of sight to the blind: to set at liberty them that are bruised: to preach the acceptable year of the Lord…..And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth. Isa. 50:4, The Lord hath given me the tongue of the learned, that I should know how to speak a word in season to him that is weary. Matt. 7:28-29, And it came to pass when Jesus had ended these sayings, the people were astonished at his doctrine: For he taught them as one having authority, and not as the scribes. John 6:63, The words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life. Yea, he was not only furnished with a spirit for that calling, but also for prompting others, and fitting them for it. Eph. 4:8, 11, And gave gifts unto men…..And he gave some apostles, and some prophets, and some evangelists, and some pastors, and some teachers.

     2. He was anointed (not only called, but furnished) for his Priestly Office, for both the parts thereof furnished by the Spirit, wherewith he was anointed, both for offering his Sacrifice, and for making his intercession. Heb. 9:14, Who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God. Heb. 5:7, Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications, with strong crying and tears, etc.

     3. He was anointed, and furnished for his Kingly Office, with a spirit, and gifts for Government; for conquering his enemies, and for ruling his People. Psal. 45:3-5, Gird thy sword upon thy thigh, O most mighty, with thy glory and thy majesty. And in thy majesty ride prosperously, because of truth, and meekness, and righteousness: and thy right hand shall teach thee terrible things. Thine arrows are sharp in the heart of the king's enemies, whereby the people fall under thee. Isa. 11:2, And the spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge, and of the fear of the Lord, etc.

 

July 2

     Behold, how well furnished our Mediator is set out for his work. There is a fullness in him to meet with all our emptiness. Yea, his fullness was given to him for this very end, that sinners which cannot come where the fullness of God lieth, to receive from him immediately, may receive it out of Christ's fullness.

     1. Consider then, I say, What a fullness is in him, what a running-over Unction he received. This is a work above us, and matter beyond our expression, wherein we may more easily lose ourselves, even in this depth, than express ourselves. By this Unction he is full of God, Col. 2:9, For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. Full of the Spirit, the Holy Ghost, Luke 4:1, And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost, full of grace and truth. John 11:4, Full of light and of life. John 1:4, In him was life, and the life, was the light of men, etc. Full of saving grace, and sanctified gifts, Isa. 11:2, And the spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, etc.

     2. Consider for what end all this fullness was given unto Him. He was full of the Spirit, that he might fill us with his Spirit, John 16:7, Nevertheless I tell you the truth, it is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you. Eph. 3:19, That ye might be filled with all the fulness of God. He was full of grace, that we might receive of his fulness, John 1:16. That his Unction might run down upon us. 1 John 2:27, But the anointing which ye have received of him, abideth in you, and ye need not that any man teach you. That his grace might work mightily in us, Col. 1:29. He received gifts for our use, to give them to men, to the worst of men, even to the rebellious, gifts to be measured out again, Psal. 68:18 with Psal. 4:8.

 

July 3

     Let his fullness and complete Unction be improved.

     1. For convincing such as continue so empty, when Christ is so full! Ah, that we should be so poor, when Christ is so rich! when we have so full an anointed one, that we should never taste of his Unction! Some have nothing, and some have little; but very few are filled with the fullness of Christ, and made to run over with his Unction. The fault is in us that he is so wet, and we are so dry. John 5:40, And ye will not come to me, that ye might have life.

     2. For alluring and gaining the hearts of empty creatures. Things allure, as there is much of precious furniture in them. But this is sad, when God hath anointed Christ with the Spirit above measure: that empty creatures care nothing for him, that his fullness and furniture is propounded and offered every day in the Gospel, and we are not allured by it. Song 1:3, Because of the favour of thy good ointments, thy name is as ointment poured forth, therefore the virgins love thee.

July 4

     All this fullness of the Spirit, of gifts and graces wherewith Christ was anointed, it is yours. It was not only for your use, but it is your property. 1 Cor. 3:22-23, All are yours, and ye are Christ's, and Christ is God's. You may use it as your own; you may come to the Fountain, to the Treasure, to the storehouse of Christ's fullness, when you will. You may comfortably and confidently hold up your cisterns, till they be filled and run over. Isa. 12:3, Therefore with joy shall ye draw water out of the wells of salvation. Phil. 4:18-19, But I have all, and abound: I am full…..But my God shall supply all your need, according to his riches in glory by Jesus Christ.

 

July 5

     A Mediator must be such a Person that hath Interest in both the parties, else he should be suspected either by one party or other. Yea, his interposing should not be admitted of by the parties, without this Requisite. Christ hath this Requisite most eminently. He is such a Person who is not only of Kindred to both parties, but by that rare conjunction of the two Natures in his Person, who is God-man, he is equally distant from, and drawing near to both parties    

 

July 6

     A Mediator must be a Person trusted by both parties: one to whom they can confidently entrust their Interests: such a person is Christ, to whom God hath entrusted and committed what-soever relateth to his Honor and Interest. John 5:22, 27, For the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment to the Son…..And hath given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of man. He is a Person, a Trustee, to whom we may commit all our Interests: yea, Believers have done so, and will do so. 1 Pet. 4:19, Commit the keeping of your souls to him in well doing, as unto a faithful creator. 2 Tim. 1:12, And I am persuaded, that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him, against that day. Yea, he is the person to whom our Interests were committed by God before we were born, and before we were capable to dispose of our own interests. When we were Minors, yea before we were. John 17:6, Thine they were, and thou gavest them me, and they have kept thy word.

 

July 7

     A Mediator must be a Person which is well affected to, and which seeketh the welfare of both parties: one who desires their union and agreement, else he were not fit to deal betwixt them. Such a person is Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant; one who desireth and endeavoreth God's honor and our happiness, one who carrieth on his Father's Honor in the promoting of our happiness, and one who carrieth on our happiness in such way as may most highly advance his Father's Honor: one who is marvelously affected to the union of the disagreeing parties. John 8:49, But I honour my Father, and ye do dishonour me, with Tit. 2:14, Who gave himself for us, that he might redeem us from all iniquity, and purify unto himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works. 2 Cor. 5:19, God was in Christ recon-ciling the world unto himself.

 

July 8

     A Mediator must be a Person which hath power over both the parties: one that may determine the difference, and engage the parties to stand to the decision: one that can lay his hands on both, Job 9:33. Such a person is Christ, who hath power with God, being his only Natural Son. Matt. 3:17, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. John 11:41-42, Father, I thank thee that thou hast heard me; and I know that thou hearest me always. And a person who hath power with us, can draw us after him, and make us do what he will. John 12:32, And if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. Psal. 119:35, Make me to go in the path of thy commandments. Ezek. 36:27, And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes: and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them.

 

July 9

     A Mediator must be a condescending Person, which can humble himself, and bow, for the compassing an union betwixt the parties. Christ is such a Person. Zech. 9:9, Behold, thy king cometh…..he is lowly. A condescending Mediator, whose condescensions were eminent.

     1. He showed himself very condescending in taking on the Office of a Mediator. In this he bowed himself, and stooped very low. He came off the Throne, and left it, to take on a service. Phil. 2:6-8, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God; but made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men: And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.

     2. Condescending to take on the duties of that Office: he became a servant to both parties, that he might make peace betwixt them. Isa. 42:1, Behold, my servant whom I uphold, mine elect in whom my soul delighteth. Isa. 53:11, By his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many, for he shall bear their iniquity. Matt. 20:28, Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.

     3. Condescending in his way of going about that Office, and the things pertaining to it: con-descending to the weakest and lowest condition of his people, and showing his dealings accordingly. Isa. 42:2-3, He shall not cry, nor lift up, nor cause his voice to be heard in the street; a bruised reed shall he not break. And 40:11, He shall feed his flock like a shepherd: he shall gather the lambs with his arms, and shall gather them in his bosom, and shall gently lead those that are with young. Ezek. 34:16, I will seek that which was lost, and bring again that which was driven away: and I will bind up that which was broken, and will strengthen that which was sick.

     4. Condescending in all his carriage: not seeking his own honor, nor affecting popularity, but doing his greatest works with little noise, and bidding tell no man of them. John 6:15, When Jesus therefore perceived that they would come and take him by force to make him a king, he departed again into a mountain himself alone. Matt. 12:18-19, Behold my servant whom I have chosen, mine elect in whom my soul is well pleased; I will put my spirit upon him, and he shall shew judgment to the Gentiles: he shall not strive nor cry, neither shall any man hear his voice in the streets. And 8:4, And Jesus saith unto him, See thou tell no man.

 

July 10

     A Mediator in carrying his business, must be molifying, to bring the parties from rigor and high courses and conditions, to abate for peace and union-sake. This did eminently shine forth in Christ, he was a molifying Mediator, for;

     1. He brought God down, and took him off high demands of Law:

       (a) Instead of personal satisfaction from Sinners, to accept of satisfaction in the person of another, to wit, Christ our Surety, who was made a curse for us, Gal. 3:13. Isa. 53:8, For the transgressions of my people was he stricken.

       (b)  In place of an inherent righteousness, to accept an imputed Righteousness. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

       (c)  Instead of a perfect obedience from man, to accept his poor endeavors after perfection, and to pardon short-comings in duty; to accept a perfection of sincerity, where he requires the rigor of perfection. 2 Cor. 8:12, For if there be first a willing mind, it is accepted according to that a man hath, and not according to that he hath not. 2 Chron. 30:18-19, The good Lord pardon every one that prepareth his heart to seek God, the Lord God of his fathers, though he be not cleansed according to the purification of the sanctuary.

     2. He hath brought up man in his own body, to come nearer to God, and to leave the terms whereupon he stood at odds with God before:

       (a)  By quitting his own righteousness, and his seeking to establish it, Rom. 10:3: to submit to the righteousness of God, and to the way of Justification by a free-gifted righteousness. Rom. 3:24, Being justified freely by his grace, through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ, etc. 2 Cor. 9:13, Whiles by the experiment of this ministration they glorify God for your professed subjection unto the gospel of Christ.

       (b)  lnstead of personal satisfaction, to offer to God satisfaction in the person of another, to present Christ to God. 2 Cor. 5:21, For he hath made him to be sin for us who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him. 1 Tim. 2:6, Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time.

       (c) lnstead of that extreme undutifulness and averseness to yield any obedience to God, to offer to God his utmost endeavors of obedience and service, and not to think God his debtor when he hath so done. 2 Cor. 5:15, And that he died for all, that they which live, should not henceforth live to themselves, but to him which died for them, and rose again.

 

July 11 

     A Mediator must be affable, one to whom both parties may freely tell their mind, and have access to do so. Christ is an affable Mediator, a Person who courteously and kindly entertaineth both the parties in whatsoever they will employ him; and this for the union's-sake, that he may make them one.

     1. He is affable to both parties, for he hath God's heart, and a man's heart.

       (a)  Christ is an affable Mediator, in respect of his Father, the offended party: and no wonder, for he dwelleth in his bosom, John 1:18. He doth kindly entertain and receive his proportions, John 6:38-39, For I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the will of him that sent me: And this is the Father's will that hath sent me, etc.

       (b) He is an affable Mediator in respect of the offending-party: one who kindly and courteously receiveth and entertaineth the worst of sinners that ever employed him. His carriage while he was here on earth, did thoroughly bear witness of this before his death, and after his resurrection; whereby he gave a proof how he would carry to us when he should be in glory, being then in the way and first step to it. O, how affable was he then! Luke 24, John 20 and 21 Chapters. And how affable is he still now, when he is set down on the right hand of Majesty! John 16:25-27, The time cometh when I shall no more speak unto you in proverbs, but I shall shew you plainly of the Father…..At that day ye shall ask in my name: and I say not unto you, that I will pray the Father for you, for the Father himself loveth you. Heb. 2:17, That he might be a merciful high priest in things pertaining to God. And 5:2, Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way, for that he himself also is compassed with infirmities.

     2. He is affable to Justice and Mercy both, these two Attributes in God which were to be eminently glorified in our Salvation:

       (a)  He is affable to Justice, ready always to speak with Justice, and to satisfy it with a Ransom and Price. Heb. 12:24, And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.

       (b)  He is affable to Mercy and Grace, and ready always to satisfy Mercy by entreaties, even for the thing which he hath bought. Heb. 7:25, Seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. Yea, he pleads in our name with both these Attributes in God, by virtue of his satisfaction and intercession. Heb. 9:24, For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true: but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us.    

 

July 12

     A Mediator must be meek and longsuffering for the Union's-sake, to bear with both the parties, although they should smite him, and be angry with him. Christ is such a Mediator. Matt. 21:5, Tell the daughter of Zion, Behold, thy King cometh unto thee, meek, and sitting upon an ass, and a colt, the foal of an ass. And 11:29, I am meek and lowly in heart. Moses in his Mediation was a type of him. Num. 12:3, Now the man Moses was very meek above all the men that were upon the face of the earth. O so meek a Mediator as Christ is!

     1. He endured his Father's anger and wrath for our sake, and was smitten by him. Isa. 53:10, Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him, he hath put him to grief. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all.

     2. He endured our anger also. He was smitten by the other party, by his own, for whose sake he was content to be smitten of his Father. Matt. 21:38, But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance. Isa. 53:3, He is despised and rejected of men: a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief, and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not. And when he was smitten by both parties at once, and endured the wrath and displeasure of both at the same time, yet he carried as a meek Mediator, who did bear all for the Union's-sake, that he might make peace. Isa. 53:7, He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he opened not his mouth, with 1 Pet 2:23, Who, when he was reviled, reviled not again, when he suffered, he threatened not, but committed himself to him that judgeth righteously. He went through all the business with little clamor, noise or complaint, Matt. 12:17-19.

 

July 13

     A Mediator must be merciful and tender-hearted, one that hath bowels to pity the unreconciled state of the offender. Christ is eminently such a Person.

     1. One who hath conjoined in his person the heart of God, and the heart of a man: the infinite mercy of God, and the kindly compassion of an experienced man, who in his Human nature hath felt our afflictions and temptations. Heb. 2:17-18, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people: For in that he himself hath suffered, being tempted, he is able to succour them that are tempted. And 5:2, Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way: for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity.

     2. A Person, who in all his dealings hath showed himself merciful, and hath evidenced his compassionate disposition: one that hath showed mercy to all that ever came to God through him, and upon all occasions that ever were given him, to show himself such. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me shall come to me: and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. Matt. 15:22, And behold a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou Son of David: my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil. And 9:27, And when Jesus departed thence, two blind men followed him, crying and saying, Thou Son of David have mercy on us. One who showed mercy, not only upon the matter, but even in the way and manner of his dealings with his people. Matt. 12:20, A bruised reed shall he not break, and smoking flax shall he not quench, till he send forth judgment into victory. And 9:17, Neither do men put new wine into old bottles, else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish; but they put new wine into new bottles, and both are preserved. One who carrieth compassionately unto, and is pitiful even of the willful refusers of his mercy. Luke 19:41, And when he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it, etc. One who was not only pitiful in the days of his flesh, but hath carried also the same heart and bowels of a merciful and compassionate Mediator unto heaven with him. Heb. 2:18, For in that he himself hath suffered being tempted, he is able to succour them that are tempted. And 4:15, For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities: but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. 1 John 2:1, And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous.

 

July 14

     A Mediator must be Potent, and able to compass his Undertaking. Christ is such a Mediator. Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty. Isa. 9:6, His name shall be called…..the mighty God. He is a potent Mediator,

     1. In respect of the power that is in his hands. Consider his ability to compass the work committed unto him, in respect of his essential power and kingdom, and in respect of his dispensatory power and kingdom. Isa. 9:6-7, He is able to save to the utmost, perfectly. Heb. 7:25, He is mighty to save, Isa. 63:1. He is able to save from sin, and all that is in it, whether guilt, power, or defilement: and from wrath, and all that may follow upon it. He is able to supply all our wants, and to do for us exceeding abundantly above all that we can ask or think, Phil. 4:19; Eph. 3:20. And consider his ability to perform whatsoever he hath undertaken, and that as well for God to man, as for man to God. He is  able to do whatever he hath engaged to us on God's behalf; to finish the work that he gave him to do, John 17:4, etc. And for this cause he is a King by Covenant, and hath all power in heaven and earth given to him, Matt. 28:18. Heb. 10:12, But this man after he had offered one sacrifice for sins, for ever sat down on the right hand of God. Heb. 8:1, Now of the things which we have spoken, this is the sum, We have such an high priest who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens. Eph. 1:20-21, And set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places, far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come. And hath put all things under his feet, and given him to be head over all things to the Church.

     2. He is a potent Mediator in respect of the trust and delegation of power given to him, for setting and removing the difference betwixt the parties: the arbitration being rendered up to him to determine and lay his hands on both. John 5:22, For the Father judgeth no man but hath committed all judgment to the Son. This is a great power that is put in Christ's hands, that he shall order the satisfaction that shall be given, so as to bring about the giving of it upon the one part, and the acceptation of it upon the other part. John 10:17-18, Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again…..I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. John 17:2, As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him.

     3. In respect of the powerful interest he hath with both the parties,

       (a) With God his Father with whom he is very gracious, and hath power with him to procure his acceptance of such satisfaction as he offereth. Matt. 3:17, This is my beloved Son in whom I am well pleased. And to obtain from him whatsoever he desireth for the believer of the other party. John 11:42, And I knew that thou hearest me always. John 17:24, Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am.

       (b) He hath a powerful interest with man, to make him offer the satisfaction which his Father is content to accept. To make him subject his consent to the gospel, 2 Cor. 9:13. John 12:32, And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. And to make him walk in that way which may please his Father. Ezkel. 36:27, I will put my spirit in you, and cause you to walk in my statutes. A potent Mediator, that hath a great stroke of power with both the parties, to reconcile God to man, by his accepting the sacrifice of Christ's death; and to reconcile man to God, by his humbling himself to offer satisfaction to God in Christ.

 

July 15

     A Mediator must be faithful and true to the interest of both parties in his Mediation, seeking and studying their good: Christ is eminently such, Heb. 2:17; Rev. 1:4; 3:14; and 19:11.  

     Consider how he is faithful to both the parties, and how he is faithful to the business of reconciliation, which is the end of a Mediator.

     1. He is faithful to the parties.

       (a) To God, he is faithful to him that appointed him, Heb. 3:2. True to his Father's interest, in seeking his honor, executing his will, satisfying his justice. John 6:38, For I came down from heaven, not to do my own will, but the will of him that sent me. Heb. 8:49, I honour my Father, and ye dishonour me.

     2. He is faithful to man, and true to his interest in dealing effectually with his Father on our behalf, in all things wherein we have dealing with God. Heb. 2:17, That he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining unto God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. 1 John 2:1, We have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous, and he is the propitiation for our sins.

     3. He is faithful to the business, which is the end of his Office; to wit, reconciliation, and making friendship betwixt the parties: this being entrusted to him, he makes it his work, and minds it exceedingly. Luke 2:49, Wist ye not that I must be about my Father's business? John 4:34, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work. And this appeareth,

       (a) In his faithful agenting the business of our peace in Heaven, whither he is gone for the making and maintaining peace between God and his people, there to appear in the presence of God for us, Heb. 9:24; John 17 throughout; Rev. 8:3, And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censor, and there was given to him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne.

       (b) In his faithful reporting back again to his people what may be expected by them at his Father's hands: he is the messenger of the covenant, and the true and faithful witness, Mal. 3:1; Rev. 1:5; John 14:2, In my Father's house are many mansions, if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you. Eph. 2:17, And came and preached peace to them which were afar off, and to them that were nigh. John 1:18, No man hath seen God at anytime: the only begotten Son which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.        

       (c) In his effectual procuring his people's peace with his Father: he never giveth over dealing in the business, until it be done and ended, and the treaty be closed and signed; until he have finished the work, John 17:4, 24 and have said unto his people, Peace I give unto you, John 14:27. Eph. 2:14-16, For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us: Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinances, for to make in himself, of twain, one new man, so making peace. And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby.

 

July 16

     A Mediator must be a Wooer of both the parties, to bring them in friendship together. The Mediator of the new Covenant did this eminently, he wooed God for us, and wooed us for God, which none of the parties had access to do immediately, without his interposing betwixt them, and this he doth several ways:

     1. By praising and commending both the parties, and speaking good of each of them to the other, as it were behind their backs. He commendeth God to us, John 6:39, And this is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day. John 14:2, In my Father's house are many mansions, if it were not so, I would have told you: I go to prepare a place for you. John 16:17, For the Father himself loveth you. And he commendeth us to God. John 17:8, 25, For I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me, and they have received them, and have known surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed that thou didst send me…..O righteous Father, the world hath not known thee: but I have known thee, and these have known that thou hast sent me.

     2. By praying and requesting both the parties to be at peace: he entreateth his Father to be at peace with us. John 17:9, I pray for them: I pray not for the world, but for them that thou hast given me, for they are thine. And he entreats and requests us to be reconciled with his Father. 2 Cor. 5:20, Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us, we pray you in Christ's stead be ye reconciled to God.

     3. By engaging and becoming Surety to both parties, for all that he speaketh in the name of any of the parties unto the other. Heb. 7:22, By so much was Jesus made surety of a better testament. He maketh faith, and undertaketh that we shall find God as good as the commendation which he puts upon him; and he maketh faith to Godward, that he shall make us answer his promises in our name; and what we do not, he shall do for us.

 

July 17

     A Mediator must be of a Courageous and unsubdued spirit, to go through difficulties, discouragement, and opposition, without being laid by in his work: else in dealing for reconciliation betwixt parties that are at a great distance, he should be soon discouraged. Christ is eminently such a person. He goeth on in the work of redemption and reconciliation, saving his people, and subduing his enemies. And though there be many enemies to this peace, and many discouragements be cast in his way from some of the parties themselves, yet doth he go on in his work with a heroic and undaunted spirit, he can neither be bowed, nor broken, nor laid by. Psal. 42:4, He shall not fail, nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment in the earth: and the Isles shall wait for his law.

     1. He was not broken nor discouraged by the weight of the work which he had undertaken, his duty broke him not, but he went on in it till he had ended his work. John 17:4, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. We read indeed that he wept sometimes, Luke 19:41; Heb. 5:7, but he was not discouraged then, but went on to do his work. The courage of faith of his victory was not shaken nor crushed.

     2. His enemies, and all the opposition they could make to him, did not break him, nor lay him by, he would go up to Jerusalem, where they sought to kill him. Luke 9:51, And it came to pass, when the time was come that he should be received up, he steadfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem. And 13:32, And he said unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, Behold I cast out devils, and I do cures to day, and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected. He would walk on his twelve hours - he knew not what unbelieving fear was.

     3. His sufferings did not break him, nor lay him by from his work. When he sweat blood, and when he suffered on the Cross, even then he set about his duty, and intermitted it not, but minded sinners more than himself; often in prayer, caring for his mother, preaching to the thief, etc. Matt. 26; Mark 14; and then Luke 22.

     4. His cold and bad entertainment which he got from his people when he was about his work, did not break him, nor lay him by. John 1:10-11, He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not. He came unto his own, and his own received him not. And the many scoffs, and the slighting carriage of his people, and the grieving his spirit, and breaking his heart every day yet, doth not discourage him, nor lay him by from his work, and from endeavors for their reconciliation with God. Rom. 10:21, But unto Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people. Luke 19:41-42, And when he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it, saying, If thou hast known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace, but now they are hid from thine eyes.

     5. The displeasure and wrath of both the parties, which he knew he behooved to go through, broke him not, laid him not by, but he ventured to take on the displeasure of both, that he might agree them, and take away the difference. Zech. 13:7, Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts. Smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered; and I will turn my hand upon the little ones. Luke 19:14, But his citizens hated him. Matt. 21:38, This is the heir, come let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance.    

      6. The fair offers of the world, and smiles of temptation from it, laid him not by, nor took him off the work which he came to do. John 6:15, When Jesus therefore perceived that they would come and take him by force, and make him a king, he departed again into a mountain himself alone. Matt. 4:8-9, Again the devil taketh him up unto an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them, and saith unto him, All these things will I give thee if thou wilt fall down and worship me.

 

July 18

     Besides all these Requisites in a Mediator which shine forth so eminently in Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant, there are also some other Properties in our Mediator, qualifying him for that Office, which are peculiar to his Mediation, and are not to be found in any other Mediator among men; namely,

     1. His Oneness and Sameness with both the parties betwixt whom he mediates. There have been mediators among men who have had some interests and relations to both parties, but never any like to this one and only Mediator of the New Covenant, who is perfectly one with both the parties which stand at so great distance. Phil. 2:6, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God. Heb. 2:17, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren. And therefore he is so much engaged to make them one in him; he is nearly concerned in the union of these two parties:

       (a) In point of Interest, he gaineth by it, his Father's honor is gain to him, and so is our happiness also. John 16:14-15, He shall glorify me, for he shall receive of mine, and shall shew it unto you. All things that the Father hath, are mine, therefore said I,  that he shall take of mine, and shall shew it unto you. Isa. 59:16, Therefore his arm brought salvation unto him.

       (b) In point of Faithfulness, he hath undertaken it, and will do it, for he is faithful and true, Rev. 1:5; 3:14 and 19:11.

       (c) In point of Honor; 'tis a Crown to him to make the agreement betwixt God and man. John 17:4-5, I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do: And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the world was. Isa. 53:12, Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong, because he hath poured out his soul unto death, and he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. Psal. 110:7, He shall drink of the brook in the way, therefore shall he lift up the head.

       (d) In point of Satisfaction; it's comfort to him to see this union. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied.

     2. Christ is a Mediator, who never declined to mediate in the business of all those who have any dealing with the King and Court where he lies, being a potent, accessible Mediator to all who will employ him. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me, shall come unto me: and him that cometh unto me, I will in no wise cast out.

     3. A Mediator who is always at hand, never absent from the Court, never missing when sinners have any business with God. He is a constant Agent, who lieth always in heaven to make the address of his people to his Father. Rev. 8:3, And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censor, and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints, upon the golden altar which was before the throne. Heb. 9:24, For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us. But Mediators among men are oft-times far to seek, and ill to find. 1 Sam. 14:29, as Joab was when Absolom would have sent him to the King; who when he was sent for the first and second time, would not come to him.

     4. A perpetual Mediator, who neither dieth, nor layeth down his Office. Moses, who was a typical mediator, and Joseph who dealt with Pharoah for Israel, died, and then it went hard with lsrael. But Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant, continueth forever. Heb. 7:23-24, And they truly were many priests, because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death. But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood.

 

July 19

     1. If Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant, be a person interested in both parties, then there can be no ground to suspect him of partiality, but to look upon all that he propounded in the Gospel in order to the reconciliation of God with sinners, as coming from one who is nearly interested, and well affected to both parties. It is our sin that we look upon Christ, and the things propounded by him in the Gospel, as if he were for God only, and not for us also. John 17:19, And for their sakes I sanctify myself, that they also might be sanctified through the truth.

     2. If the Mediator be so truly a Person, Then let us entrust to him the managing of our everlasting interests: know him to be such, that you may without fear and jealousy confidently commit to him whatever you have to do with God. 2 Tim. 1:12, For I know whom I have believed, and I am persuaded that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him, against that day.

     3. If the Mediator be marvelously affected towards the union of God and sinners, for the good of both parties: Then bear with his way of promoting your happiness, so as he may honor his Father: for he must have both in his eye, and therefore will make your peace, and will make you happy, by humbling you, and making you seek his peace, and by making you holy, etc. Eph. 1:4-6, According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love. Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ, to himself according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved. And 2:10, For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained, that we should walk in them. And think not that any way that Jesus Christ will have his Father honored in you, is contrary to your happiness.

     4. If Christ have power with both the parties betwixt whom he is a Mediator, then you must needs let him dispose of you, and command you wherein he will, for making your peace with his Father, and whatever power you yield to him, over you, with your own consent, believe it, he will improve it for your advantage; and he hath credit with his Father to effectuate the business for his part also. John 11:42, And I know that thou hearest me always.

 

July 20

     If Christ be a condescending Mediator, who hath stooped low to compass an union betwixt you and God: Then it is your duty to stretch and raise yourself to meet him: Come and meet him. Will you let all the condescendance be on his side, and will you not yield and bow to him in anything? Nay, be it far from you. 2 Chron. 30:8, Now be ye not stiffnecked, as your fathers were, but yield yourselves unto the Lord.

 

July 21

     If he be a molifying Mediator, who hath brought down God from high demands of Law: Then,

     1. Consider with what ease your conditions with God is now granted. Consider the terms upon which Christ hath brought you an offer of God.

     2. Be you brought off the terms of distance whereupon you stand proudly with him.

     3. If Christ have broken you off from your proud terms wherein you stood with God, then you may judge thereby and conclude, that he hath molified himself also.

 

July 22

     If Christ be so affable, then put away your prejudices at him, and your misshapen thoughts of him, as if he were austere to his people; and be encouraged to come to him with everything relating to your peace with God. You shall find courteous and kind entertainment, and shall experience that the Mediator is good to speak to.

 

July 23

     If the Mediator be so meek and gentle, Then believers may expect that he will bear with their infirmities, wherein they do not allow themselves, yea, cannot bear with themselves. Psal. 103:9, 13-14, He will not always chide, neither will he keep his anger for ever....Like as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them that fear him: for he knoweth our frame, he remembereth that we are dust. Yet so, as you would not tempt Christ, 1 Cor. 10:9, nor abuse his meekness and gentleness: for there is such a thing in Christ as Gospel-severity. The Lamb of God is a Lion when he is stirred up to be angry. Heb. 2:2-3, For if the word spoken by angels was steadfast, and every transgression and disobedience received a just recompence of reward: How shall we escape if we neglect so great salvation, which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord, and was confirmed unto us by them that heard him. And 10:26, For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins.

 

July 24

     If the Mediator be so eminently merciful, Then,

     1. If your condition be so miserable, and the evils of your estate such that can plead pity, put no doubt but they shall find pity with him, even when you can scarce speak for pity to them, but only lay them before him, set them in his eye. Luke 19:4, And he ran before, and climbed up into a sycamore tree to see him, for he was to pass that way.

     2. Fear not to meet with rough dealing, repulses, untenderness, harsh answers. Isa. 40:11, He shall feed his flock like a shepherd, he shall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry them in his bosom, and shall gently lead them that are with young. Believers, beware that ye do not upon the matter, deny your Mediator's merciful disposition, say not by your carriage, that he is a hard man, Matt. 25:24.

 

July 25

     Is he a Potent Mediator, Then,

     1. Let sinners only deal to get Christ engaged for their peace, and the business is done, he shall bring it about. Isa. 38:14, O Lord, I am oppressed, undertake for me. And 53:10, And the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand.

     2. Believers, know whom you have believed, how potent he is to do what is entrusted to him. Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty; that you may be comforted, and your faith strengthened. Rom. 4:20-21, He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief, but was strong in faith, giving glory to God. And being fully persuaded that what he had promised he was able also to perform.

 

July 26

     If he be a faithful Mediator, Then,

     1. Be persuaded to give him more trust in the employment you put upon him. In all your business leave your care upon this trusty person. 1 Thess. 5:24, Faithful is he that calleth you, who also will do it. Psal. 37:5, Commit thy way unto the Lord: trust also in him, and he shall bring it to pass.

     2. Then it must be a great sin and provocation in any who have employed Christ, to be jealous of him, and to distrust his undertakings, sure such do not know him well whom they have believed, 2 Tim. 1:12.

     3. Believers who have fled to him for refuge, and rolled over your temporal and everlasting interests upon him, you may quiet your minds, and lie down securely without fear of the miscarrying of anything that is good for you. Phil. 4:6-7, Be careful for nothing, but in every thing with prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God. And the peace of God which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus. Psal. 3:5-6, I laid me down and slept, I awaked, for the Lord sustained me. I will not be afraid of ten thousands of people that have set themselves against me round about.

 

July 27

     If our Mediator be the Wooer and Suitor of both the parties unto the peace: Then,

     1. Be you willingly wooed by him. Be not nice and wild when he is courting your hearts to wed with him, and to make peace with God. 2 Chron. 30:8, Now be not ye stiffnecked as your fathers were, but yield yourselves unto the Lord, and enter into his sanctuary. When he prays you, and beseeches you to be reconciled to God, be not hard to be entreated, 2 Cor. 5:19-20.

     2. Fear not, if your hearts have become toward to his Propositions, if you be content to be wooed by him, doubt not but he will get his Father's consent to whatsoever he propounds to you. Yea, he had his mind and goodwill to whatsoever be propoundeth to you, before he spoke with you. John 6:37-38, All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me: and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out…..And this is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day. And 17:16, I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me, and they have kept thy word.

     3. No thanks to us that ever God and we were in good terms, but all thanks to the Mediator, the Wooer of both parties, the Peace-maker, who came and preached peace, and made peace, 2 Cor. 5:20; Eph. 2:14-15, 17.

 

July 28

     If our Mediator be of so heroic and so unsubdued a spirit: Then,

     1. Let all his enemies be afraid, and pack them out of his way, and stand not in the way to hinder the work which he hath undertaken for his people. He is of an unsubdued spirit, and cannot be laid by, pack you, or he will ride over you. Psal. 110:1, 5, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.....The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath. Rev. 6:2, And I saw and beheld a white horse, and he that sat on him had a bow: and a crown was given unto him, and he went forth conquering and to conquer. Psal. 45:3-5, Gird thy sword upon thy thigh, O most mighty, with thy glory and thy majesty, and in thy majesty ride prosperously because of truth, and meekness, and righteousness: and thy right hand shall teach thee terrible things. Thine arrows are sharp in the heart of the king's enemies, whereby the people fall under thee.

     2. Believers, comfort yourselves in Christ's Heroic spirit. He cannot be laid by, nor turned from his purpose, neither by the opposition made by the enemies of your happiness, nor by the discouragements received from yourselves. 1 John 4:4, etc. Isa. 42:4, He shall not fail nor be discouraged. See an eminent example of this in his dealing with the woman of Samaria, John 4:10, etc.

 

July 29

     Be exhorted to know what a Mediator Christ is: A Mediator, and such a mediator, the Apostle Paul hath many hints in his Epistle to the Hebrews (which is written to set forth Christ in his Offices) whereby he layeth a deal of weight upon the qualities of our Mediator, being such a person, such a high priest, etc., as the like was never heard of, Chap. 1:4; 3:1; 4:14-15; 5:11; 7:16, 24, 26; 8:1-2 and 9:11, 24. The ignorance of this, or not considering these things, is the cause why Christ's Mediatorship is so little comfortable to Believers. Study to know this better, that you may be comforted by it, that you have such a Mediator, on whose office, interests, relations, engagements to you, and qualities before enumerated, may assure you that you have a Friend in Heaven, one to whom you may come for pity and help in all your miseries and distresses.

 

July 30

     Be exhorted to more boldness in coming to the Throne of Grace. Believers, you dishonor your Mediator, who having so great a Favorite at the Court of Heaven, should not with greater confidence come to God; yet this boldness ought to be humble and awful, keeping in sight your own unworthiness, and the awe of God's Majesty; but be confident of the prevalency of Christ's Mediation. Heb. 4:14-16, Seeing then that we have a great high priest that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our profession, for we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities, but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin: let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need. And, 10:19-20, Having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which he hath consecrated through the veil, that is to say, his flesh. Lay not weight upon your liberty, but let the confidence you have in your Mediator, give you boldness, which would beget and draw forth liberty in Prayer for yourselves and for others. 1 Tim. 2:1, 5, I exhort therefore, that first of all supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men…..for there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

 

July 31

     Be exhorted, you who have the offer of so great salvation, and of Christ Mediator to be a friend to you in Heaven, to take heed that you slight it not. Heb. 2:1, 3, Therefore we ought to give the more earnest heed to the things that we have heard, lest at any time we should let them slip…..How shall we escape if we neglect so great salvation; which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord, and was confirmed unto us by them that heard him? And 12:25, 29, See that ye refuse not him that speaketh: for if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven.....For our God is a consuming fire. And, 10:26, 29, 39, For if we sin wilfully after we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins…..Of how much sorer punishment suppose ye shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?.....But we are not of them who draw back unto perdition, but of them that believe, to the saving of the soul. There is no sin nor judgment comparable to sins against the Mediator, and judgment that follow these sins. John 15:22, If I had not come and spoken to them, they had not had sin: but now they have no cloak for their sin. Matt. 11:21. Woe unto thee Chorazin! woe unto thee Bethsaida! for if the mighty works which were done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.

August 1

     Christ executeth this Office of Mediatorship according to both natures.

     1. That he executed this Office from the beginning of the World, before he came in the flesh.

     2. That he executeth this Office, as well in the state of his exaltation, as in the state of his   humiliation.

 

August 2

     If Christ be Mediator according to both Natures, Then Believers may be comforted in the prevalency of his mediation, and in the condescendency thereof. Your Mediator is God-man.

     1. Your Mediator acts as God, he carries his matters very strongly and effectually.

     2. He acts as a man also, very tenderly and condescendingly. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. With 2:17-18, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. For in that he himself hath suffered, being tempted, he is able to succor them that are tempted. Psal. 2:7-8, I will declare the decree: the Lord hath said unto me, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee: Ask of me and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the utmost parts of the earth for thy possession.

 

August 3

     Christ hath executed this Office ever since the beginning of the world, ever since the first Covenant was dissolved and broken, since enmity entered betwixt God and man, as well before his being made manifest in the flesh, as after; as well before and under the Law, as in the days of the New Testament. For although he be called Mediator of the new covenant, or new testament, Heb. 12:24, which is to be understood,

     1. By way of opposition to the first Covenant, whereof he was not Mediator, because he was then exhibited, and then he perfected the work of Redemption. Yet did Christ enter upon the execution and exercise of this Office of Mediatorship (to which he was before designed) from the time that fallen man was at variance with God. The execution of this Office extends to the first ages of the world, from the time that the promise made to our first parents (while they were yet in paradise) took place. Gen. 3:15, It shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. 2 Cor. 5:19, God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself. Heb. 13:8, Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, and to day and for ever. Gal. 3:17, And this I say, that the covenant that was before confirmed of Christ, the law which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot dis-annul, that it should make the promise of none effect. Rev. 13:8, He is called the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. As in respect of God's destination, being designed before time, to be offered up in time; so also in respect of the efficacy of his sacrifice and mediation, which extended to the first ages of the world. For,

       (a) From that time there was need of a Mediator.

       (b) From that time begun the works of the Devil to be destroyed. Gen. 3:15, And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. 1 John 3:8, He that committeth sin is of the devil, for the devil sinneth from the beginning: for this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.

     2. From that time were some sinners saved, by the Messiah that was to come: Therefore from thence we must reckon the exercise of his Mediatorship.

     Understand this with three distinctions.

       (a) That before Christ's Incarnation, he was a Mediator virtually, and undiscernedly, i.e. the virtue and efficacy of that Office, to which he was designed, did extend to the first ages of the world, (though the way of his acting in that Office before his Incarnation, transcend our understanding) but after his Incarnation, when he had taken our nature upon him; then he was manifestly an actual Mediator.

       (b) Before his Incarnation he was not Completely fitted for all the parts of that Office, not being yet the man Christ, 1 Tim. 2:5, but after his Incarnation he was a Complete Mediator. Heb. 10:5, 7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me.....Then said I, Lo I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.

       (c) Before his Incarnation, he was secretly and invisibly a Mediator in Heaven. After his Incarnation, he did visibly act that part upon earth, and then went into the holiest to continue in the exercise of this Office. Heb. 9:24, Now to appear in the presence of God for us.

 

August 4

     This also should contribute to establish our faith, while our Mediator is absent from us, or rather while we are absent from him, and he is out of our sight. If this Office was effectual for the good of believers, before he actually offered sacrifice, or interceded, how much more when he hath actually done both these? Have we any better support of Faith? If his Mediation was effectual before he was a complete Mediator, and had not yet taken our nature upon him, shall we not believe now the efficacy thereof, after he is the man Christ? If his Mediation was effectual while he had not yet come down from Heaven to act visibly here on earth; how much more when he hath finished the work, and is now returned, and gotten his Father's welcome? Believe it, he is at Court, though he be out of our sight.

 

August 5

     Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant executeth this Office, as well in the state of his Exaltation, as Humiliation. Heb. 7:24-25, But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the utmost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. But with some observable difference, which is to be seen,

     1. In his exercising the three Offices which were parts of his Mediatorship. And,

     2. In the distinct parts of these Offices.

 

August 6

     1. It was mainly his Priestly Office, which the Mediator discharged here on earth, in his state of Humiliation; his entry upon his Kingly Administration, being eminently reserved to the state of Exaltation. Heb. 1:3, When he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high. And, 8:1, We have an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens. Phil. 2:8-9, And being found in fashion, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him. Matt. 28:18, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth. But his Prophetical Office was exercised by him in both these states, of his Humiliation, and Exaltation. Luke 24:47, And that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem. Heb. 12:25, See that ye refuse not him that speaketh; for if they escaped not who refused him that spoke on earth, much more shall we escape, if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven.

     2. His Priesthood, which he dischargeth in both parts thereof, as well in his Exaltation as Humiliation; Yet eminently he sacrificed here, and eminently he intercedeth in Heaven. Heb. 9:24, 26, Now to appear in the presence of God for us…..Now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin, by the sacrifice of himself. His Kingdom, which was reserved for his Exaltation, understand it by way of eminency also. Matt. 28:18, And Jesus came and spoke unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth. Rev. 5:6, And I beheld, and lo in the midst of the elders stood a Lamb; For he was a King when he was here on earth, and carried matters in a Princely way, although his glory was over-clouded by his leaving the Throne for a time, that he might sit down in it afterward in greater honor. Phil. 2:9, 11, Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name....every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord. His Prophetical Office, which was exercised in both states, yet was in his Humiliation visible, and in his own person. John 1:10, He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not. Heb. 1:1-2, God, who at sundry times, and in diver's manners spake in the time past unto the fathers by the prophets, hath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son. Luke 24:27, And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures, the things that concerned himself. But in his Exaltation it is done by his Messengers, or more secretly by his Word and Spirit. Eph. 4:11-12, And gave some apostles, and some prophets, and some evangelicals, and some pastors and teachers: for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ. John 14:26, But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you. 1 John 2:27, But the anointing which you have received of him, abideth in you: and ye need not that any man teach you, but as the same anointing teacheth you all things, and is truth, and is no lie: and even as it hath taught you, ye shall abide in him.

 

August 7

     Believers, think not that Christ is out of his Office, when he is out of your sight: or that the height of honor unto which he is now exalted at the right hand of God, doth abate anything from his carefulness and condescendency for sinners behoof. But be you rather comforted from this, As high as the Mediator is now, upon his Throne, he yet carrieth that Office, and is made high for your advantage and consolation. Heb. 4:14, 16, Seeing then that we have an high priest that is passed into the heavens, Jesus the Son of God; Let us hold fast our profession…..Let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace in time of need. And 10:21-22, And having an high priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a true heart, in full assurance of faith; having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water. You may come as familiarly and boldly to him now, as when he was in his humbled condition, conversant among men, seeing he is about the same work, and exercising the same Office now as then. Heb. 13:8, Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever.

 

August 8

     By Christ, the Angels have knowledge of the mysteries of our Salvation, even a glorious addition of knowledge, by this new discovery and bright manifestation of God in all his Attributes that have shined forth in Christ. Eph. 3:10, To the intent that now unto the principalities and powers in heavenly places, might be known by the Church, the manifold wisdom of God. 1 Pet. 1:12, Which things the angels did desire to look into.

     By Christ they have an honorable Office, they became principalities and Powers in governing the world; and Ministering Spirits, that Christ may be honored in the Church. Col. 1:16, For by him were all things created that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible: whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers, all things were created by him, and for him. Heb. 1:14, Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them, who shall be heirs of salvation? And therefore when Christ shall give up his dispensatory Kingdom, then shall all rule be put down, which is not only to be understood of the being of no Magistracy, and no Ministry, but even of the Angels, Principalities, and Powers.

     By Christ the Angels have joy at the conversion of sinners. Luke 15:10, Likewise I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God, over one sinner that repenteth. Matt. 18:10, Take heed that ye despise not one of these little ones: For I say unto you, that in heaven their angels do always behold the face of my Father which is in heaven. Luke 2:13, And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host, praising God. By Christ the Angels have a more perfect and firm union with God a kind of reconciliation. Col. 1:20, And having made peace by the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things to himself: by him I say, whether they be things on earth, or things in heaven.

 

August 9  

     These benefits which the Angels certainly have by Christ, they may be probably conceived to have them by Christ's Mediation:

     1. Because Christ is a head to the elect Angels as well as to elect men; and they are part of his mystical Body. Col. 2:10, And ye are complete in him which is the head of all principality and power. Eph. 1:10, That in the dispensation of the fulness of times, he might gather together in one all things in Christ, both which are in heaven, and which are on earth, even in him. They are reckoned a part of the Catholic Church, and inhabitants of the Heavenly Jerusalem, Heb. 12:23-24. Now if Christ be head of the Church as he is Mediator, then whatsoever benefit they, as part of his Body, have from Christ the Head, I do not see how we can avoid to say they must have it through his Mediation. For how can it be conceived that one part of Christ's Body hath benefit from Christ's Mediation, and another part of it hath benefit by him, and yet another way than by his mediation?

     2. Because whatsoever benefit the Angels have by Christ, they were elected unto it. 1 Tim. 5:21, I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels. Now Christ being the head of the election, in whom all that are elect are elected. Eph. 1:4, According as he hath chosen us in Christ, before the foundation of the world. And the benefits unto which we are elected in Christ, coming through his Mediation, to all the elect, these must come so to the elect Angels also. Eph. 1:4-5, 10, According as he hath chosen us in Christ, before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy, and without blame before him in love: Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children, by Jesus Christ…..That in the dispensation of the fulness of time, he might gather together in one all things in Christ.

     3. Because whatsoever creature is not under a possibility of sinning, it hath that, not by the condition of its nature, but by grace. Now the elect Angels being freed from all possibility of sinning, this they must have by Grace, which cometh not only from Christ, but through his Mediation. John 1:17, For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ: being some other thing supervenient, beside the good of their natural condition wherein they were created, which was mutable.

 

August 10

     The first part of the Mediator's work, and execution of his Office is, to prepare a way for man's covenanting with God; to make the way of God accessible, and to put man in a capacity to enter in terms with God. For man by sin was made incapable of covenanting with God, until the Mediator cometh in to compose the difference, and to restore the love and friendship that once had been betwixt God and man; who to prepare a way for man's covenanting with God, doth two things himself, and worketh two things in us. The first, to make God accessible; the other, to make men capable of covenanting with God, who is made accessible in Christ's death.

     1. He taketh on man's nature, that a Sacrifice might be among mankind, who had sinned. He putteth his name in our Obligation, that the Law might reach him. Gal 4:4-5, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

     2. In our nature he obeyeth the Law, and suffereth: he payeth a price for our Ransom. 2 Cor. 5:21, He is made sin for us; an offering for sin, he stood in the sinner's stead here, he purchaseth a liberty to the elect, and hath it in his just and legal power to set them free when he will. Acts 20:28, being the Church of God which he hath purchased with his own blood.

     3. He convinceth men of their sin, and of their bondage, and impossibility to satisfy Justice, and to this end he attacheth them before Divine Justice. John 16:8, And when he is come, he will reprove the world of sin, of righteousness and of judgment. Rom. 7:9, For I was alive without the law once: but when the commandment came, sin revived, and I died. Gal. 3:24, Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto Christ that we might be justified by faith.

     4. He worketh their Hearts to a yielding frame, listening, and ready to welcome the news of delivery (which have not yet been actually spoken to their hearts), to be content to come out of their bondage, and to enjoy freedom by him: to be content to come in his will, and to yield the weapons to him, and to change the state and righteousness whereof sometimes they had no small content. Acts 9:6, Lord, What wilt thou have me to do?.....Arise, and go into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do. They pant after a Saviour, as Paul did for complete Redemption. Rom. 7:24, O wretched man that I am! who shall deliver me from the body of this death? And when all this is done, Sinners are but in a capacity of covenanting with God, till more be done by Christ in the work of his Mediatorship for man. He is not yet in a covenant with God, all this is to make ready a people prepared for the Lord, Luke 1:17. For though Christ hath paid the price of the elect's ransom, and hath purchased their liberty on the cross, yea, and hath also convinced a man of his need of this ransom, and made him toward and tractable to listen, to accept of it; yet till a man come in by faith, and manifest his acceptance, or rather actually accept of Christ's proposals, he is not yet actually in a Covenant with God, but concluded under wrath. John 3:36, And he that believeth not the Son, shall not see life but the wrath of God abideth on him.

 

August 11

     The second part of the Mediator's work and execution of his Office, is, to bring the elect within the bond of the Covenant. And for bringing about this,

     1. Christ makes an offer of a New-Covenant state, with all suitable allurements and encouragements which may invite the souls of the elect to accept of it. And for this end he hath appointed the Ministry of Reconciliation. 2 Cor. 5:19-20, God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us: we pray you in Christ's stead, be ye reconciled to God. And 6:17-18, Wherefore come out from among them, and be ye separate, saith the Lord, and touch not the unclean thing, and I will receive you, and will be a Father unto you, and ye shall be my sons and daughters, saith the Lord Almighty. Isa. 55:1, 3, Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters…..Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear and your soul shall live: and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David.

     2. He shapeth and frameth the hearts of his people for acceptation of his offer, and bringeth them unto a liking and satisfaction with the Covenant, and the terms of it. 2 Sam. 23:5, For this is all my salvation, and all my desire, although he maketh it not to grow. Psal. 73:28, But it is good for me to draw near to God…..I have put my trust in the Lord God, that I may declare all thy works.

     3. He actually maketh them to embrace it, and enter into it: for after he hath shaped their hearts for acceptation, he actually engageth them by consenting and agreeing on their part. Hos. 2:14, 19, Therefore behold, I will allure her, and bring her unto the wilderness, and speak comfortably unto her…..And I will betroth thee unto me for ever. Ezek. 20:37, And I will bring you into the bond of the covenant. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me. And this he doth,

       (a) By making us receive and welcome the Gospel, and subject our consent unto it, by taking on the very bonds and rebukes of the Word, and yielding ourselves captives unto it. 2 Cor. 9:13, Whiles by the experiment of this ministration they glorify God for your professed subjection unto the gospel of Christ. And 10:4, For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but mighty through God, to the pulling down of strongholds. Rom. 6:17, But ye have obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine which was delivered unto you.

       (b) By making us receive and embrace the promises, Heb. 11:13, and take hold of the covenant, Isa. 56:4, 6. And this is a further step of the Mediator's work, in making the soul close with God in a Covenant.

        (c) By making us receive Christ himself in the promises. John 1:12, But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. For as Faith hath for the object of it, the whole Word of God; so especially the promises and more especially Christ in the promises.

       (d) By making us give up ourselves to be Christ's, and no more our own. Isa. 44:5, One shall say, l am the Lord's, and by making us subject our consent unto him, as the wife doth to the husband in a Marriage-Covenant, 2 Cor. 9:13. And all this is the Mediator's work, and the execution of his Office. For,

           (1) It is he that offers the Covenant. Heb. 12:25, See that ye refuse not him that speaketh.
           (2) It is he that shapeth the heart for acceptation of the offer. Ezek. 36:26, A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you.

           (3) It is he that engageth the heart to God by a Covenant. Jer. 30:21, And I will cause him to draw near, and he shall approach unto me, for who is this that engaged his heart to approach unto me, saith the Lord? John 12:32, And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.

           (4) It is he that maketh us give up ourselves to him. Ezek. 36:27-28, And I will put my spirit, into you, and cause you to walk in my  ways…..And ye shall be my people, and I will be your God.

 

August 12

     The third part of the Mediator's work in the execution of his Office, is to enable them whom he bringeth into the Covenant of Grace, to perform the duty of the Covenant according to his undertaking to his Father on their behalf. And for this effect,

     1. He circumciseth their hearts, and taketh away the stone and natural averseness and rebellion against Covenant duties. Deut. 30:6, And the Lord thy God will circumcise thy heart, and the heart of thy seed, to love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, that thou mayest live. Ezek. 36:26, And I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh.

     2. He engrafteth a new inward principle in their hearts, of compliance with, and propension unto their duty. Jer. 31:33, I will put my law into their inward parts, and write it in their hearts, and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And 32:40, I will put my fear in their hearts, that they shall not depart from me.

     3. He affordeth strength to them, for performing the duties of the Covenant, and maketh his

Grace effectual in them for that end. See Ezek. 36:27, And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. He craveth his Rent, and filleth the hand wherewith to pay it. Phil. 1:11, Being filled with the fruits of righteousness which are by Jesus Christ, unto the glory and praise of God. 2 Cor. 9:8, And God is able to make all grace abound towards you, that ye always having all sufficiency in all things, may abound to every good work.

       4. He breathes upon the graces of his people, and acteth them by daily fresh and quickening assistances. Song. 4:16, Awake, O north wind, and come, O south, blow upon my garden, that the spices thereof may flow out. Yea, he worketh in us, and for us, all that which we take upon us as duty in the Covenant of Grace. Isa. 26:12, For thou also hast wrought all our works in us. Phil. 2:13, For it is God that worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure.

 

August 13

     The fourth part of the Mediator's work in executing this Office is to keep those whom he bringeth into the Covenant, from falling away from that blessed state. If it were not for the Mediator's travailing in this work, the reconciliation once made could not stand. If he did not continue forever Mediator of the New Covenant, we should not forever continue in that Covenant-state. Heb. 7:24-25, But this man, because he continueth ever hath an unchangeable priesthood. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. And for keeping believers in this Covenant, Christ the Mediator, beside his contriving the Covenant so that breaches shall not make it void, Psal. 89:30, 33, If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments.....Nevertheless my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. Jer. 31:34, I will forgive their iniquity, and will remember their sin no more.

     1. He gifteth them with, and conveyeth to them an immortal and everlasting principle of Grace that cannot die nor utterly perish. John 4:14, But the water that I shall give him, shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life. 1 John 3:9, His seed remaineth in him, and he cannot sin, because he is born of God.

     2. He keepeth life by his intercession, in that engaging principle of Faith, that it fail not. Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee that thy faith fail not. But all this could not effect the business, being but our gripe of him; therefore,

     3. Consider how he keepeth a gripe of them, he engageth his Father to keep his people, and he himself employeth all the power, credit, and interest that he hath in Heaven and Earth, to keep them in that blessed state. John 17:11-12, And now I am no more in the world, but these are in the world: And I come to thee, Holy Father; keep through thine own name those whom thou hast given me, that they may be one, as we are. While I was with them in the world I kept them through thy name: those whom thou gavest me I have kept, and none of them is lost but the son of perdition, that the scripture might be fulfilled. 1 Pet. 1:5, Who are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation, ready to be revealed in the last time. John 10:28-29, And I give unto them eternal life, and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand. My Father which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father's hand. Deut. 33:27, The eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms. Isa. 40:29, He giveth power to them that are faint, and to them that have no might he increaseth strength.

     4. He maintaineth the peace and agreement that he made through his own being in Heaven, a constant and ordinary Agent to appear in the presence of God for us, Heb. 9:24. Who lieth there of purpose that the Covenant betwixt God and his people may continue, and that league never be broken; for so long as Christ appeareth in Heaven, there shall be peace and friendship for all Believers. Rom. 5:1-2, Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand and rejoice in hope of the glory of God. Eph. 2:14, For he is our peace, who hath made both one.

     5. He keepeth intercourse and good correspondence betwixt his Father and his people, that their trading with Heaven be not stopped. Eph. 2:18, For by him we both have an access through one Spirit unto the Father. And 3:12, In whom we have boldness and access with confidence by the faith of him. Heb. 10:19, Having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus. And 4:16, Let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace.

     6. He taketh up emergent differences, and removeth the incident breaches of Peace betwixt both parties. Isa. 53:12, And he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. Heb. 9:7, not without blood, he which offered for himself and for the errors of the people. And this he doth,

       (a) As an Agent, making his constant residence in Heaven, that upon all occasions he may appear in the presence of God for us, Heb. 9:24.

       (b) As an Advocate, pleading his people's cause, and showing that satisfied Justice must be for them. 1 John 2:1, And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. Heb. 12:24, And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.

       (c) As an Intercessor, praying for them, John 17 throughout. And Rom. 8:34, Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.

       (d) As a Solicitor, presenting and promoting the Prayers and desires of his people, to his Father. Rev. 8:3, And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censor, and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints, upon the golden altar which was before the throne.

 

August 14

     The fifth part of the Mediator's work in executing this Office, is to bring all those whom he hath engaged by this Covenant, to the height of that blessedness which he hath appointed for them, that as a Captain of Salvation he might bring many sons to glory, Heb. 2:10, which standeth in perfect and glorious conformity with Christ, and in perfect and glorious communion with God. 1 John 3:2, But we know that when he shall appear, we shall be like him, for we shall see him as he is. For accomplishing whereof, Christ in executing the Mediator's Office,

     1. He prepareth that happiness for them, and a fit place where they may enjoy it for ever.

1 Cor. 2:9, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither hath it entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him. John 14:2-3, In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you, and if I go and prepare a place for you, I will came again and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also.

     2. He keepeth this happiness for them, when they can contribute nothing to keep it; all this while that it is hid, it is sure and reserved for them in Heaven. 1 Pet. 1:4, To an inheritance incorruptible, and that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you. 2 Tim. 4:8, Henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness, which the Lord the righteous judge shall give me at that day, and not to me only, but unto them also that love his appearing.

     3. He keepeth them for it: for we have as much need of keeping as our Crown and Inheritance; as we cannot keep it, so we cannot keep ourselves. 1 Pet. 1:5, Who are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation, ready to be revealed in the last time. Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee that thy faith fail not.

     4. Christ Mediator in executing his Office, he goeth before his people, and breaketh the opposition that is in their way to Glory; so that he leaveth them no adversary to fight with, but broken forces, such as he hath routed and conquered. Psal. 68:18, Thou hast ascended on high, thou hast led captivity captive, thou hast received gifts for men, yea for the rebellious also, that the Lord God might dwell among them, with Eph. 4:8, Wherefore he saith, When he ascended up on high, etc. Yea, he went before his people to take possession for them and in their names. Heb. 6:20, Whither the forerunner is for us entered. John 14:2, I go to prepare a place for you.

     5. He maketh his people meet and fit for that glorious condition which is reserved for them. For we need preparation, being unpolished matter, and unfit for such a house as Heaven is: we must be made meet for it, before we enjoy it, Col. 1:12. Giving thanks unto the Father, which hath made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light; the Father doth this work by the Son; it is the Mediator's work immediately to make the saints meet for their Inheritance. Eph. 5:26-27, That he might sanctify, and might cleanse it with the washing of water by the Word: that he might present it to himself a glorious Church, not having spot or wrinkle, or any such thing: but that it should be holy and without blemish. John 17:19, And for their sakes I also sanctify myself, that they also might be sanctified through the truth; he is the author and finisher of our faith, Heb. 12:2.

      6. When all his people are fitted and ready to receive what he hath prepared for them; he will not then send any ambassador to bring them, but he himself in his own person will come and bring them home to the place of immediate everlasting enjoyments of God, which he hath prepared, and will crown and perfect his work in all his people. John 14:3, And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also. Col. 3:4, When Christ who is our life shall appear, then shall ye also appear with him in glory. Rev. 19:7-8, Let us be glad and rejoice, and give honour to him, for the marriage of the Lamb is come, and his wife hath made herself ready. And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in fine linen clean and white; for the fine linen is the righteousness of saints.

 

August 15

     There is Comfort here, and support for Faith to all who are convinced of enmity betwixt God and them, and do desire reconciliation with him. Lo here are glad tidings, there is a Mediator, a Peace-maker betwixt God and men.

     1. He is already long ago designed and appointed for this Office.

     2. He hath already done the work, he hath purchased and proclaimed the Peace, even to Rebels who will come in and accept of it. Eph. 2:16-17, And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby; and came and preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were nigh: and being now removed out of our sight, he hath appointed it to be done by his messengers. Rom. 10:15, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things?

     3. He is now ready to accept of, and make intercession for all those that shall come in and declare their acceptance of his offer. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. John 6:37, And him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. Why then do you hesitate? Why stand you off? What aileth you? Is there not here encouragement and support of Faith? Is there not comfort against the felt enmity and feared wrath to come? John 1:29, Behold the Lamb of God which taketh away the sin of the world.

 

August 16

     There is comfort, and support for Faith from Christ's Mediatorship, namely to Believers, and to those who have come to God through him. 1. To all sorts of Believers. 2. In all the variety of their several conditions. 3. Against all their fears and evils wherewith they are afflicted.

     To all Believers, I mean found Believers, 2 Pet. 1:1, to the weak as well as the strong, to them who have like precious faith with the Apostles, although they have not like perfect and strong Faith. He is not a Mediator for the strong only, but for all that believe on him. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me: and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. And 17:20, Neither pray I for these alone, but for them also that shall believe on me through their word. And it is well observed by Mr. Goodwin from Heb. 7:25, that the comfort and encouragement proposed there from Christ's Intercession, is fitted for a Recumbent's Faith: the proper act whereof, as 'tis distinguished from the Faith of Assurance, is a coming to Christ. He is a Mediator for all that have cast themselves on him in their way of coming to God, though their Faith be not yet grown up to assurance.

 

August 17

     To all Believers in their several conditions he is Mediator, and does the Office of a Mediator, not only when Believers can act faith, and employ him; but when their Faith is well near failed, like a worn week, when they are at the weakest, and at the worst. Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee that thy faith fail not. Not only when his elect people are doing him service; but when they are ignorantly opposing him, as many times they do, especially before their Conversion. Acts 9:5-6, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest…..And he trembling and astonished said, Lord what wilt thou have me to do? And the Lord said, Arise and go into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do. Luke 23:34, And Jesus said, Father forgive them for they know not what they do. Not only when they are in his way, but when they are out of the way. Heb. 5:2, Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way. Not only when they can pray, and wrestle for themselves, Rev. 8:3, And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censor, and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne, but when they cannot utter their heart before the Lord. Rom. 8:26-27, Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities: for we know not what we should pray for as we ought, but the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings that cannot be uttered. And he that searcheth the hearts, knoweth what is the mind of the Spirit, because he maketh intercession for the saints according to the will of God. Isa. 59:16, And he saw that there was no man, and wondered that there was no intercessor: therefore his arm brought salvation unto him, and his righteousness it sustained him. Not only when all is well, and at peace, and when nothing is charged against them; but when they are under Challenges, and condemning things are laid to their charge. Rom. 8:33-34, Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth: who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us. Not only in time of peace, but when wrath and destruction is gone forth against his people. Ezek. 9:4, And the Lord said unto him, Go through the midst of the city, the midst of Jerusalem, and set a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh, and that cry for all the abominations that be done in the midst thereof. Zech. 1:12, Then the angel of the Lord answered and said, O Lord of Hosts, how long wilt thou not have mercy on Jerusalem, and on the cities of Judah, against which thou hast had indignation these threescore and ten years? Not only at their first coming, but in all their after addresses to God through him. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them; with 4:14, 16, Seeing then that we have an high priest that is passed into the heavens.....Let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need.

 

August 18

     The Comfort and support of Faith flowing from Christ's Mediatorship, reacheth to all the evils wherewith Believers can be afflicted. Namely,

     1. It may comfort against the daily infirmities wherewith believers are compassed; these shall not make a breach betwixt God and us, for as much as Christ's Mediation is intended to prevent that. 1 John 2:1-2, And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous: and he is the propitiation for our sins.

     2. Against the many challenges, whether of an accusing conscience, or of the great accuser of the brethren. Rom. 8:33-34, Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth who is he that condemneth? lt is Christ that died, yea rather that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.

     3. Against the more foul and gross stumblings of Believers, for as much as it is also intended for the helping of these. Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not.

     4. Against the fear of their falling away from the blessed Covenant-state, with which fear believers have often been buffeted. Psal. 51:11, Cast me not away from thy presence, and take not thy holy spirit from me. And 17:5, Hold up my goings in thy paths, that my footsteps slip not. It is by Christ's Mediation that we have establishment in Grace. John 6:39, And this is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day. Rom. 5:10, For if when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more being reconciled we shall be saved by his life.

     5. Against the manifold afflictions wherewith Believers are tossed here. The Mediator was sometimes an afflicted man, and went through much suffering, and hath the feeling of these. Isa. 53:3, 7, A man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief…..He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, Psal. 22 throughout.

     6. Against the many temptations of all kinds which occasion much heaviness to Believers. 1 Pet. 1:6, Ye are in heaviness through manifold temptations. The Mediator had the experience of all sorts of temptations, and now sympathizeth with his people like condition. Heb. 2:17-18, For in that he himself hath suffered being tempted, he is able to succour them that are tempted.  And 4:15, For we have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities, but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin.

     7. Against the empty and needy condition unto which Believers are subject, through the manifold wants wherewith they are daily pressed: We have confidence through the Mediator, to come-speed in every petition that is acceptable to God, and profitable to us. 1 John 5:14-15, And this is the confidence that we have in him, that if we ask any thing according to his will, he heareth us: And if we know that he hear us, whatsoever we ask, we know that we have the petitions that we desired of him. John 14:13, And whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son.

     8. Against the fear of death, which is terrible to nature. John 11:25, Jesus said unto her, I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live, etc. 1 Cor. 15:26, The last enemy that shall be destroyed, is death. Job. 19:25, For I know that my redeemer liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth. John 17:2, As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him.  

     9. Against the second appearing of Christ (which is sometimes terrible without cause to believers) and the last Judgment that shall be given, concerning the everlasting interests of the creatures: the Man Christ, whom you have owned for your Mediator, shall sit as Judge. Acts 17:30-31, And the times of this ignorance God winked at, but now commandeth all men every where to repent: Because he hath appointed a day in the which he will judge the world in righteousness, by that man whom he hath ordained. 2 Thess. 1:7, 10, And to you who are troubled rest with us…..When he shall come to be glorified in his saints. Then shall he perform a comfortable act of his Mediatorship, Jude, ver. 24, Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory, with exceeding joy, etc.

 

August 19

     And there is good ground for all Believers to be comforted from Christ's Mediatorship, if we consider, 1. The person who Mediates. 2. The Person with whom he Mediates. 3. The Persons for whom he Mediates. 4. The cause for which he Mediates.

     1. For the Person who Mediates: Consider,

       (a) His Graciousness with his Father, O so great a Courtier with God as the Mediator is. John 11:41-42, Father I thank thee, that thou hast heard me. And I knew that thou hearest me always. And no wonder he be so, being his Son, his only begotten Son, John 1:18. His beloved Son, Matt. 3:17. His obedient Son, Phil. 2:8.

       (b) His Greatness and absolute Power to do of himself whatsoever he Mediates for with his Father. Matt. 28:18, All power is given unto me in heaven and earth. John 5:21, 23, 26-27, For as the Father raiseth up the dead, and quickeneth them, even so the Son quickeneth whom he will.....That all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father: He that honoureth not the Son honoureth not the Father that sent him.....For as the Father hath life in himself, so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself. And hath given him authority to execute judg-ment also because he is the Son of man. Therefore he is called a priest upon a throne, a priest who is a king, to command whatsoever he prays for, Heb. 1:3; 8:1 and Zech. 6:13.

        (c) The oneness of his will with his Father's, which maketh sure the prevalency of his Mediation, being sure to ask nothing but what is his Father's will; and all that he asks being his Father's will as much as his; how can it be ineffectual? John 17:24, Father I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am.

     2. The Person with whom he Mediates: Consider,

       (a) His nearness of relation both to the Mediator, and to the Persons for whom he Mediates. He is Christ's Father, and our Father. John 20:17, But go to my brethren and say onto them, I ascend unto my Father and your Father, and to my God and your God.

       (b) His graciousness and affection both to Christ and to us; he loveth Christ, and he loveth us; and therefore it is that he is as inclinable to hear Christ for his people, as Christ is to mediate for them. John 16:26-27, At that day ye shall ask in my name, and I say not unto you, that I will pray the Father for you. For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me, and have believed that I came out from God.

     3. In the persons for whom he Mediates: Consider,

       (a) Our nearness of alliance with the Mediator. Heb. 2:11, 14, 17,  For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified are all one: for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren. For as much then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself took part of the same…..Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. John 17:23, I in them, and thou in me, that they may be made perfect in one.

       (b) Our nearness to God through Christ the Mediator. 2 Cor. 6:18, And I will be a Father unto you, and ye shall be my sons and daughters saith the Lord God Almighty, etc. 1 Cor. 6:17, But he that is joined to the Lord is one spirit.

     4. In the Cause for which he Mediates: Consider,

       (a) The Righteousness thereof; Christ having now satisfied Justice, and his cause being justified, he hath a strong plea in Law and Justice. 1 Cor. 1:8-10, Who shall also confirm you unto the end, that ye may be blameless in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. God is faithful by whom ye were called unto the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord…..And 2:2, For I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ and him crucified.

       (b) The honorableness of it, not to Christ only, but to God: his Mediation being contrived to exalt his Father's Grace by Intercession, even after Justice is satisfied by Sacrifice. Heb. 9:26, But now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. With 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

 

August 20

     It is not easy to find out and determine all Christ's relations to the Covenant of Grace; they are so many and so comprehensive, that I know not whether to say, that Christ's relations seem to exhaust the total of the Covenant; or that the compend and sum of the Covenant is comprised in his relations, which he sustaineth in it. I suppose there is a truth in both; for whatsoever is necessarily related to the Covenant, is in him, whether it be Parties, Articles, Promises, Conditions, Confirmations, Witness, Mediator, Messenger, etc., and in him is to be found the whole Covenant, therefore he is called the Covenant itself, Isa. 42:6 and 49:8.

 

August 21

    Christ hath several relations to the Covenant: 1. He is a Party Covenanting. 2. He is Mediator of the Covenant. 3. He is the witness of the Covenant. 4. He is the Messenger of the Covenant. 5. He is a Servant in the Covenant. 6. He is the Surety of the Covenant. 7. He is the Testator. 8. He is the Covenant itself.

 

August 22

     1. Whatsoever relations Christ beareth in the Covenant, he was from Eternity chosen and designed unto those in the counsel of God, and by an everlasting Decree, Psal. 2:7, I will declare the decree, the Lord hath said unto me, Thou art my son, this day have I begotten thee; and Isa. 42:1, Behold my servant whom I uphold, mine elect in whom my soul delighteth.

     2. Whatsoever relations Christ sustaineth in the Covenant, he doth it by voluntary dispensation, and not by any natural necessity or compulsion: that he is a Party contracting, or that he is Mediator, or that he is Messenger of the Covenant, etc., nothing could compel Christ to put his name in any of these relations, it was all of consent. Phil. 2:7, But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men. Heb. 10:9, Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God.

     3. All these relations which Christ sustaineth in the Covenant, are all acts of Grace, both upon God's part, who designed Christ unto these relations, that he might act Grace in Christ as the first copy of Free-grace, and that we might share with him; and also upon Christ's part, who could not be hired to undertake these relations, knowing what they would cost him. But the Free-grace of his own heart engaged him in these relations. 2 Sam. 7:21, According to thine own heart hast thou done all these great things. Rom. 8:32, How shall he not with him also, freely give us all things? with Gal. 2:20, Who loved me, and gave himself for me.

     4. Though in the Covenant of Grace Christ be dispensed in all his offices, and the efficacy and fruit of all these offices, as appeareth from Isa. 55:4 with Rom. 8:32 and Jer. 31:33-34. Yet some of his relations which he sustaineth in the Covenant, do more especially respect one of his offices, and some another; as also some of them directly respect all his offices. Take for instances, His relation as Mediator, respecteth all his offices: His relation as Party contracting, respecteth all his offices, wherein he was a public person, who did represent many: His relation as Surety doth especially relate to his Kingly office, in regard of which he was undertaker, and made potent to help, Psal. 89:19. His relations as Witness, Messenger, and Servant, doth respect especially his Prophetical office: His relation as Testator, respecteth especially his Priestly office, etc.

     5. Whatsoever relations Christ sustaineth in the Covenant of grace, he beareth all these relations by Covenant, and by explicite contract he hath undertaken them; so that as we say of his offices, he was a King, a Priest, and a Prophet by Covenant. Psal. 89:3, I have made a covenant with my chosen: I have sworn unto David my servant. We say the same of all his relations in respect of the Covenant. He is by Covenant and Compact with God, by the Covenant of Suretiship, whatsoever he is in Covenant-relations. He is by Covenant, Mediator of the Covenant. He is by Covenant, a Party in the Covenant, representing others. He is by a Covenant, the Witness, Messenger, Servant, Surety, Testator of the Covenant, Heb. 10:9; Isa. 59:21; Isa. 53:10-12; Heb. 2:10, 12; John 17:2, 6, 12, etc.  

     6. For whomsoever he beareth any of these relations in the Covenant, for them he beareth them all, if he be for, and unto any persons, Mediator to God-ward, he hath engaged as party contracting with God for such persons; he is become Surety for such, he hath and shall be Witness, Messenger and Servant, for promoting and manifesting the things of this Covenant unto such. He hath tested in his Legacy things pertaining to such persons, etc., Isa. 42:1; 53:10; John 6:37 and John 17 throughout.

 

August 23

I proceed now to the third relation which Christ sustaineth in the Covenant of Grace; he is the Witness of the Covenant. Isa. 55:4, Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people. Rev. 3:14, These things the Amen, the faithful and true witness. Rev. 1:5, And from Jesus Christ, who is the faithful witness. Christ may be considered as the witness of the Covenant in a double respect.

     1. He is the Witness witnessed.

     2. He is the Witness witnessing. See Rev. 3:14; Write, these things saith the Amen, the faithful and true witness, with 1 Tim. 2:6, Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time. First, I say Christ is the Witness witnessed, or the great evidence and testimony of the Covenant betwixt God and his people, (and in this sense a Witness is used frequently in the Scripture to signify not only a person that beareth testimony, but for anything that doth evidence as a witness. Heb. 11:4, By which he obtained witness, that he was righteous; God testifying of his gifts. Luke 22:71, And they said, What need we any further witness, for we ourselves have heard of his own mouth?). For,

        (a) He is given of God as the great evidence of Covenant-love, and of that special good-will to sinners which gave the first rise to the Covenant. John 3:16, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him, should not perish, but have everlasting life. Luke 2:10-11, And the angel said unto them, Fear not; for behold I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people; for unto you is born this day, in the city of David, a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.

       (b) He is given as the great evidence of Covenant-interest, and relations betwixt God and sinners, as the sign and evidence that the disagreeing parties are made one in him. Isa. 7:14, Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign: Behold, a, virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.

       (c) As the great evidence and witness of God's fulfilling all the promises of the Covenant, 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him they are Amen. Therefore Christ was of old given as the sign of fulfilling all promises, and accomplishing all deliveries to the Church before his coming in the flesh. Zech. 6:12, and he shall build the temple of the Lord, Isa. 7:14.

       (d) As the great evidence and witness of the standing perpetuity of these Covenant-relations betwixt God and his people, Psal. 89:34-35, 37, My covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David...It shall be established for ever as the moon: and as a faithful witness in heaven. Selah.

       (e) As the great evidence of the nature and complexion of the Covenant, he is so given of God for a witness, that all the Covenant is comprised in Him. Isa. 42:6, And will give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. And therefore also when it was first revealed, there was nothing heard of but this witness Christ, in the promise of whom all the Covenant, the union of God and man, was summed up. Gen. 3:15, And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.

 

August 24

     If Christ be given to the people for a witness in this sense; then,

     1. You who are under the Preaching of this Gospel consider the office of Christ, and understand it as the great witness and evidence of God's commanding and approving will, that you should enter in Covenant with him, and that you ought to believe on the Son of God. And know for a certainty, that if you obey not the command of believing and taking hold of this Covenant, the offers of Christ that hath been made unto you, shall be for a witness and evidence that shall acquit the Lord of your condemnation, and shall cut off all excuse from you, in as much as your Obligation and Duty to believe, was revealed unto you, and the offer of Christ is the witness of this, to all the people who have heard the Gospel. 1 John 5:23, And this is his commandment, that we should believe in the name of his Son Jesus Christ. John 15:25, If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin: but now they have no cloak for their sin.

     2. To such as have the Covenant of grace acted in an effectual and powerful way upon their hearts, according to God's Decree and Will of purpose, I mean, such as have been brought under the bond of this Covenant upon their hearts, Ezek. 20:37, in which sense the Covenant is spoken of, Jer. 31 and Ezek. 36, etc. I would have you to understand God's giving of Christ unto you, as he doth intend by to wit, as a witness and testimony of his Covenant with you, as the greatest evidence and demonstration that can be of his Covenant-love to you, of your Covenant-interest in him, of the continuance of that Covenant-relation betwixt you and him, and of the nature and substance of that Covenant. You search for witnesses within you, and from Heaven, to testify of your Covenant-state through grace. You long for that which may evidence it satisfyingly unto you (and it may be most of us sin more on the other hand, through neglect of searching after these witnesses which are attainable); but it's a pity that believers who have received Christ freely given to them by God, should slight the greatest witness that ever God gave to his people; a witness is at hand, and you receive not the testimony thereof: it may of this be said, He that believeth on the Son of God hath the witness in himself, 1 John 5:10-12. He hath Christ the great witness of the Covenant; and who knows but we may be left of God to wander the more in the dark, about our Covenant-state, because we lay so little weight upon the having of him whom God hath given for a witness to the people? O let us not tempt God by slighting him thus; but let us look upon the having of him given to us, as the witness of all these things before mentioned, concerning a Covenant betwixt God and us, he being given of God for this end; so may we find the door and way which we grope for, how to be established in the faith of our Covenant-relation to God.

 

August 25

     But I come to speak of the second, which I take to be chiefly meant, Christ is the Witness witnessing, or the person who beareth witness of all that is contained in the Covenant. For opening of this, consider these four particulars. Christ is the Beholding witness, the Acting witness, the Declaring witness, the Confirming witness of the Covenant.

 

August 26

     Christ is an Eye-witness of the Covenant; that is, he was present, and heard and saw the whole transaction of the Covenant, from the beginning to the end; in which respect the Scriptures call persons present at anything, and beholders of it, witnesses, 1 Tim. 6:12; 2:22 and 1 John 1:2-3, because they are fit to bear witness in that thing, having certain grounds of knowledge of it. Thus was our Lord Jesus a fit witness of the Covenant, for he was present at the very first motion of it, and heard and saw all the convey of it. Prov. 8:22-23, 30, The Lord possessed me in the beginning of his way, before his works of old. I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning; or ever the earth was.....Then I was by him, as one brought up with him; and I was daily his delight, rejoicing always before him. 2 Tim. 1:9, Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus, before the world began. So that we may say of him in reference to the Covenant-transaction, that which John saith of him with reference to creation. John 1:2-3, The same was in the beginning with God, all things were made by him, and without him was not any thing made that was made. Nothing was done in that business without him, neither indeed could it be, he being not only present, but the alone party with whom God had first dealing with reference to this Covenant.

 

August 27

     Christ is an Acting witness of the Covenant, who not only was present, and did see the whole transaction of that business, but had an active hand in it; yea it was acted upon his person, when before Pontius Pilate he witnessed a good confession, 1 Tim. 6:13. And in this sense it is that the Apostle Peter, 1 Pet. 5:1, calleth himself a witness of the sufferings of Christ, because he had experience of them in his own person. He was partaker of them, and had them acted upon him. 'Tis beyond question, that Christ was such a witness of the Covenant, he had an active hand in it from beginning to the end, in the making of it, and in the fulfilling of it. He was a prime actor and undertaker from eternity. Hence it is that the Apostle, Heb. 8:10-11, describes the making of the new Covenant, to Christ; for it's of him and his Ministry that the Apostle speaks in that place. John 17:2, 6, etc., As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him....I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: Thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and they have kept thy word. John 15:15, for all things that I have heard of my Father, I have made known unto you.

     Yea, I say the whole Covenant was acted upon him, the union of the contrary disagreeing parties was acted upon his person; the bringing of man near to God, and God's coming near to man; the paying of the ransom, and the acceptation of it, it was acted upon him; it was a bloody act upon his person, Isa. 53 throughout. Zech. 13:7, Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts; smite the shepherd. 2 Cor. 5:19, To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them.

 

August 28

     Christ is the witness of the Covenant, who did declare and reveal the great secret of the Covenant, even all that he heard, and saw, and acted about it. He doth witness and declare even the whole Counsel of God concerning his Covenant, his purpose and will of grace concerning his people; which things we had never known, had not the witness of the Covenant revealed and declared them. Psal. 25:14, The secret of the Lord is with them that fear him: and he will shew them his covenant. John 1:18, No man hath seen God at any time: the only begotten Son which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him. Eph. 2:17, And came and preached peace to you which were afar off: and to them that were near. The reason is manifest, because Nature's light, which can show something of God, yet it's utterly blind concerning Christ and the Covenant of grace. 1 Cor. 2:7-8, 12, But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom which God ordained before the world, unto our glory, which none of the princes of this world knew: For had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory....Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God, that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God. Matt. 13:11, He answered and said unto them, Because it is given unto you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it is not given. And in this sense it is that the Ministers of the Gospel who reveal and declare that mystery, are called witnesses, Acts 1:8; Rev. 11:3, 10. There be three great mysteries and secrets of the Gospel and Kingdom of Heaven, which had never been known unless Christ the witness of the Covenant had declared them, but by him they are revealed and discovered unto us.

 

August 29

     The mystery of the Covenant, the Gospel-Covenant, is one of the greatest mysteries that ever the world heard of. Eph. 6:19, To make known the mystery of the gospel. Col. 1:26, Even the mystery which hath been hid from ages and from generations, but now is made manifest to his saints. It's a treasure of hidden mysteries of science and knowledge, truly so called; Psal. 19:7-8, knowledge of God and of ourselves, John 17:6, I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavst me out of the world. Job 42:5-6, But now mine eye seeth thee, wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes. A treasure of mysteries of commerce and trade with the Land that is afar off, I mean with Heaven. Col. 3:1-3, If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God: set your affection on things  above, not on things on the earth, for ye are dead, and your life is hid with Christ in God. A treasure of the mysteries of State, of the Kingdom of Heaven. Matt. 13:11, He answered and said unto them, Because it is given unto you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it is not given. A treasure of the mysteries of intelligence and secrets of correspondence, about what is doing in Heaven and Earth, Psal. 25:14, The secret of the Lord is with them that fear him: and he will shew them his covenant. Gen. 8:17, And  the Lord said, Shall I hide from Abraham that thing which I do? A treasure of the mysteries of duty, or of the approving, commanding will of God in all cases. Isa. 8:20, To the law, and to the testimony: If they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them. Psal. 119:9, Wherewith shall a young man cleanse his way? by taking heed thereto according to thy word. A treasure of the mysteries of dispensations, whereby we may know the most unknown footsteps of providence in dark dispensations. Psal. 77:19, And thy footsteps are not known, with Psal. 73:17, Until I went unto the sanctuary of God, then understood I their end. A treasure of the mysteries of the secret Counsels and will of God, as it's acted upon the hearts of men. Eph. 1:9, Having made known unto us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure, which he had purposed in himself. Heb. 6:17, Wherein God willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise, the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath. A treasure of mysterious paradoxes, and seeming contradictions, wherewith the Gospel-Covenant is filled. Gal. 2:20, I am crucified with Christ, nevertheless I live, yet not I, but Christ liveth in me, and the life which I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me.   

 

August 30

     The mystery of Christ. Eph. 3:4, Whereby when ye read, you may understand my knowledge in the mystery of Christ. Col. 2:2, To the acknowledgment of the mystery of God, and of the Father, and of Christ. There is a complication of mysteries in him; he is all secrets; which had never been known unless himself had witnessed and declared them; the wisest natural Politicians, are stupid here. 1 Cor. 2:8, Which none of the princes of this world knew: for had they known it, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory. Hence it is that he is so often spoken of, with a [Behold!]. There is a mystery in his name. All his names need an interpreter, need his own declaration and witnessing. Jer. 23:6, And this is his name whereby he shall be called: THE LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS. Rev.19:13, And his name is called, The Word of God. Matt. 1:23, Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted, is, God with us. There is a mystery in his person, a high mystery in his natures, the union of two natures in that blessed person. 1 Tim. 3:16, And without controversy, great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh, justifed in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory. A mystery that cannot be thoroughly understood in this life. There is a mystery in his offices, in his bearing them, and in his exercising them. Heb. 5:11, Of whom we have many things to say, and hard to be uttered, seeing ye are dull of hearing. Heb. 8:1, Now of the things which we have spoken, this is the sum: we have such an high priest who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens. A mystery in his union with his Church, and his inhabitation in them, which are referred to be thoroughly understood till the day when Christ shall come again. Eph. 5:32, This is a great mystery: But I speak concerning Christ and the Church. Col. 1:27, To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you the hope of glory. John 14:20, At that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you.

 

August 31

     The mystery of the Gospel-righteousness and way of justifying and saving sinners. This is the mystery upon which many wise learned men have stumbled, because it hath not been revealed unto them by the witness of the Covenant. Rom. 9:31-33, But Israel which followed after the law of righeousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness. Wherefore? Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of the law. For they stumbled at that stumblingstone: As it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a stumblingstone, and rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed. 1 Cor. 1:20, 23, Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world? But we preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumblingblock, and unto the Greeks foolishness. You may observe several great mysteries concerning the Gospel-righteousness. There is,

     1. A mystery in the imputation of it to us. What greater mystery, than that a real Righteousness should come to us by the imputation of the righteousness of another! 2 Cor. 5:21, For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.

     2. There is a mystery in the instrument apprehending this righteousness, I mean in Faith. 1 Tim. 3:9, Holding the mystery of the faith; Which is a mysterious hidden grace in the manner of its life and acting. Col. 3:3, For ye are dead, and your life is hid with Christ in God.

     3. There is a mystery in the persons to whom it is imputed, or rather in the imputation of it with reference to the persons unto whom it is imputed; a passing by of the worthiest in the world's account, and imputing it to the nothings of the earth. Heb. 2:16, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham. 1 Cor. 1:26-27, For ye see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble are called; but God hath chosen the foolish things of the world, to confound the wise: and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things that are mighty; Which hath been matter of wonder unto many. 2 Sam. 7:18, Then went king David in, and sat before the Lord, and he said, Who am I, O Lord God, and what is my house, that thou hast brought me hitherto! All these, and many things more, concerning the Covenant, had never been known, if the Witness of the Covenant had not revealed them and testified of them, John 17:6, I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world.

September 1

     Christ is the Witness of the Covenant, who establisheth and confirmeth the truth of all that is contained in it. Christ the true and faithful witness, hath sworn it, and testified all the Articles of the Covenant upon Oath. Rev. 3:14, These things saith the Amen, the faithful and true witness. 2 Cor. 1:20, For in him all the promises of God are yea, and in him they are Amen. I say, he is the Witness who hath established the Covenant by his testimony, and that in two respects:

     1. He hath set his Seal to the Covenant, and attended all that is in it. Rev. 21:5, And he said unto me, Write: for these words are true and faithful. Rev. 22:6, And he said unto me, These sayings are faithful and true.

     2. He saith and sweareth that all things contained in the Covenant are true. The true and faithful Witness of the Covenant testifieth these things, and saith Amen to them all. All that is contained in the Covenant may be summed up in Commands, Promises, Conditions, Threatenings, Predictions and Exceptions; the truth of all which the witness of the Covenant hath testified and sworn.

       (a) Commands: this is the great command of the new Covenant, That ye believe on the Son of God, 1 John 3:23. Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth, that that is the revealed will of God, he hath said it, and sworn that it is true; nothing would please his Father better. John 6:40, And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day. The new Covenant commandeth that we be holy, and that we love God, and live to him who hath loved us; and love one another, etc.1 Pet. 1:16, Be ye holy, for I am holy. 2 Cor. 5:15, And that he died for all, that they which live, should not henceforth live unto themselves but unto him which died for them, and rose again. Psal. 31:23, O love the Lord all ye his saints: for the Lord preserveth the faithful. Gal. 5:14, For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. And the Witness of the Covenant, Christ, testifieth that it is true indeed. These things are the Will of God. Mark 12:30, And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength: this is the first commandment. John 13:34, A new commandment I give unto you, that ye love one another as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. Matt. 5:48, Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven, is perfect.

       (b) Promises and Proposals of mercy and good things. The Covenant proposeth and promiseth life to sinners through the death of Christ. Rom. 4:15, Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification. Rom. 3:25, Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God. Rom. 5:8-9, In that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us; much more then being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him. And Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth these things, and saith that they are the true and faithful sayings of God. Rev. 1:18, I am he that liveth, and was dead, and behold I am alive for evermore, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death. 1 Tim. 1:15, This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Jesus Christ came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am chief. Luke 19:10, For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost. The Covenant proposeth and promiseth peace with God upon easy terms, free-gifted righteousness, perfect Holiness, complete Victory over all the adversaries of our happiness, 2 Cor. 5:19, 21; Rom. 3:21-27; 5:15-20; Ezek. 36:25, etc. Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth these things; he establisheth them all. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him Amen, unto the glory of God by us. He saith Amen to them all, and sweareth that they are true. Rev. 21:5, And he said unto me, Write, for these words are true and faithful. Rev. 22:6, And he said unto me, These sayings are faithful and true. Where the Witness  of the Covenant setteth his Seal of Confirmation unto all that is promised in the Gospel-Covenant.

       (c) These things which the new Covenant promiseth, it promiseth upon Condition of Faith, it promiseth them only to the believer. Rom. 10:9, That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart, that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved. Rom. 3:22, Even the righteousness of God, which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all, and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference. John 1:12, But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth, that that is true; if ye believe not, ye shall never be the better of anything proposed by the new Covenant, and if ye believe, ye shall. John 3:18, 36, He that believeth on him, is not condemned: but he that believeth not, is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God. He that believeth on the Son, hath everlasting life, and he that believeth not the Son, shall not see life: but the wrath of God abideth on him. John 11:40, Jesus saith unto her, Said I not unto thee, that if thou wouldst believe, thou shouldest see the glory of God?

 

September 2

     There are also Threatenings annexed unto the Covenant, denouncing wrath and the vengeance of the Gospel, upon all unbelievers and willful rejecters of the new Covenant. 2 Thess. 1:8, In flaming fire, taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. 1 Cor. 16:22, If any man love not the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be, Anathema Maranatha. And denouncing woes, and evil to the Hypocrite in heart, to the backslider, to the careless seeker of God, to the barren fruitless professor. Matt. 23:13, But woe unto you scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites. Rev. 2:5, Remember therefore from whence thou art fallen, and repent and do thy first works; or else I will come unto thee quickly, and will remove thy candlestick out of his place, except thou repent. Rev. 3:16, So then, because thou art lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot, I will spue thee out of my mouth. Heb. 6:8, But that which beareth thorns and briars is rejected, and is nigh unto cursing, whose end is to be burned. Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth these things, and affirmeth they are the true sayings of God, as well as his promises. Rev. 3:14, Write; These things saith the Amen, the faithful and true witness. John 3:18, But he that believeth not, is condemned already. John 8:24, I said therefore unto you, that ye shall die in your sins: for if ye believe not that I am he, ye shall die in your sins.

 

September 3

     There are Predictions and Prophecies in the Gospel-Covenant, I mean especially these which concern Eternity, the last Judgment, Hell and Heaven; which are the things that are least believed of all that ever men heard tell of. Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth also, that these things are true. The Covenant telleth us that this world shall have an end, and time shall be no more, Eternity is coming. Psal. 102:26, They shall perish, but thou shalt endure: yea, all of them shall wax old like a garment; as a vesture shalt thou change them, and they shall be changed. 2 Pet. 3:10, But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night, in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with severe heat; the earth also, and the works that are therein, shall be burnt up. Christ the Witness of the Covenant, testifieth and sweareth that is true. Rev. 10:5-6, And the angel which I saw stand upon the sea, and upon the earth, lift up his hand to heaven, and sware by him that liveth forever and ever, who created heaven, and the things that therein are, and the earth and the things that therein are, and the sea, and the things which are therein, that there should be time no longer. The Covenant saith, that God hath appointed a day wherein Christ shall judge the world, and all shall bow to him. Acts 17:31, Because he hath appointed a day in the which he will judge the world in righteousness, by that man whom he hath ordained. And this witness of the Covenant testifieth and confirmeth that with an Oath. Rom. 14:10-12, We shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ; for it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God; so then every one of us shall give account of himself to God. The Covenant saith, there is a Hell and a Heaven, there is a resting place prepared for the people of God, and a place of torment for all the wicked. 1 Cor. 2:9-10, But as it is written, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither hath entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him. But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God. Luke 16:23, And in hell he lift up his eyes, being in torment, and seeth Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom. Rev. 14:10-11, The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation, and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb: and the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever. The Witness of the Covenant testifieth that these things are true, for he was both in Hell and Heaven, i.e. he saw both, and tasted of the things that are in them. Psal. 16:10, For thou wilt not leave my soul in hell. Luke 23:43, Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day thou shalt be with me in paradise. John 17:5, And now O Father glorify thou me, with thine own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the world was.

 

September 4

     There are Exceptions and Reservations of the crosses and affliction; in several cases, by the Covenant. Psal. 89:30, 32, If his children forsake my law....Then will I visit their transgressions with the rod. The Witness of the Covenant testifieth it is true, and confirmeth it by making it an express Reservation and Exception in all his dealings with his people. Luke 9:23, And he said unto them all, If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily and follow me. Luke 14:27, And whosoever doth not bear his cross, and come after me, cannot be my disciple. Matt. 16:24, Then said Jesus unto his disciples, If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross and follow me.

 

September 5

     The Covenant may be said to be established and confirmed by Christ the Witness, in regard that it is his witness that putteth an end to controversies about all things pertaining to the Covenant; for in him they have a double establishment; they are sure in themselves, and they are sure unto us.

     1. All which is contained in the Covenant is firm and sure in Christ. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are yea, and in him, Amen, unto the glory of God by us. Acts 13:34, And as concerning that he raised him up from the dead, now no more to return to corruption, he said on this wise, I will give you the sure mercies of David. His Witness makes it certain that there are such things, and that these things are irrevocable and unalterable, not to be done away nor broken, because the Oath of God and witness of his Christ is in this Covenant, which was not in the first Covenant. Psal. 89:34-35, My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David.

     2. His witness maketh them sure to us, as well as sure in themselves; for it is that which puts the business of our salvation beyond doubting, at least should put it beyond doubting, because we have Christ's testimony for it, he hath made it a sworn article of the Covenant. Heb. 6:17-18, Wherein God willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise, the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath (to wit, the Promise and Covenant made and confirmed with Abraham by the Angel of the Covenant), that by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us. 1 John 5:9, If we receive the witness of men, the witness of God is greater.

 

September 6

     If you would make use of Christ as the Witness of the Covenant, then in all matters doubtful, appeal to his testimony for decision. If you have any doubt about any matter of faith or salvation, about any duty, about anything pertaining to God, or unto your own Covenant-state and interest in him, make his testimony and witness your Judge in that matter. Go familiarly and boldly to him, that he may determine the question, and resolve your doubt. Isa. 8:20, To the law, and to the testimony. 2 Pet. 1:19, We have also a more sure word of prophesy, whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts. As his Disciples did upon all occasions, John 13:21-22, 25 and 14:5, 8, 22.

     Hear and give ear to whatsoever he witnesseth; and take it off his hand, Luke 9:35, This is my beloved Son, hear him. And look carefully that you neither neglect to hear what he will say and witness of you, and to you, of your way or state, or present fit and temper, for you or against you, nor interrupt his witnessing. But let him speak out: nor, that you stop the ear against it. These are marked in Scripture, as manifest sins against, and rejecting of his witnessing. Acts 24:25, Go thy way for this time; when I have a convenient season, I will call for thee. Zech. 7:7, 11, Should ye not hear the words which the Lord hath cried by the former prophets?.....But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears that they should not hear. Heb. 12:25, See that ye refuse not him that speaketh: for if they escaped not, who refused him that spake on earth; much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from him that speakth from heaven. Neh. 9:30, And testified against them by thy spirit, in the prophets: yet would they not give ear: therefore gavest thou them into the hand of the people of the lands.

 

September 7

     If you receive him in this Covenant-relation, you must take his testimony for sufficient proof of whatsoever he speaks unto you; lay such weight upon his witnessing, that it may be to you an end of all strife and controversy. 1 John 5:9-10, If we receive the witness of men, the witness of God is greater: He that believeth on the Son of God, hath the witness in himself: He that believeth not God, hath made him a liar, because he believeth not the record that God gave of his Son. You must believe his Witness, else you wrong him exceedingly. John 14:11, Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very work's sake. Psal. 35:3, Say unto my soul, I am thy salvation.

 

September 8

      If you receive him as the Witness of the Covenant, having received him in this Covenant-relation, you may never come in the contrary of anything that he saith; you must neither suspect, nor quarrel, nor be jealous of anything which he hath witnessed. Prov. 14:5, A faithful witness will not lie. For Christ will no more lie unto you, wherein he hath sworn and witnessed, than God will lie unto him, which is impossible. Psal. 89:35, Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. Heb. 6:17, Wherein God, willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise, the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath.

 

September 9

     If you receive him as the Witness of the Covenant, then must you not only receive whatsoever he saith, for a certain truth of the Covenant, but what he speaketh not and testifieth not, concerning your Covenant-state and relation, that you must take to be no truth, though it were otherwise suggested to you by temptation. John 14:2, In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you. If he had other thoughts towards you, then, those which he hath told you, he would have revealed them, (I speak to believers). Jer.29:11, For I know the thoughts that I think towards you, saith the Lord, thoughts of peace, and not of evil, to give you an expected end.

 

September 10

     Whatsoever way he doth witness and testify, take his Witness, and prescribe not a way unto him, but make all his ways of witnessing welcome, whether he Witness by his word, or by his work, by his Spirit, or by your spirit. 2 Pet. 1:19, We have also a more sure word of prophecy, whereunto ye do do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth into a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts. 1 John 5:10, He that believeth on the Son of God, hath the witness in himself. Rom. 8:16, The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the children of God. Neh. 9:30, Yet many years didst thou forbear them, and testifiest against them by thy spirit, in thy prophets. Rom. 10:8, But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart; that is, the word of faith which we preach.

 

September 11

     Christ is given for a Witness to the people, and what he saith must put an end to every controversy.

     1. It's a controversy to the world, whether time shall have an end, or whether the fashion of this world shall pass away, or whether all things shall continue as now they are; and whether tomorrow shall be as this day. Psal. 49:11, Their inward thought is, that their houses shall continue for ever. Isa. 56:12, Come ye, say they, I will fetch wine, and we will fill ourselves with strong drink and to morrow shall be as this day, and much more abundant. The Witness of the Covenant hath decided the controversy by his Testimony and Oath, and hath said, that time shall be no more, Rev. 10:6.

     2. It's a controversy to the world, whether Eternity be coming after time, or whether there be another life and world after this. 2 Pet. 3:4, And saying, Where is the promise of his coming? for since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of the creation. The Witness of the Covenant hath decided this also. Rev. 22:20, He which testifieth these things, saith, Surely I come quickly, Amen. Tit. 1:2, In hope of eternal life, which God that cannot lie, promised before the world began. John 6:47, Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, hath everlasting life.

     3. It's a controversy to the world, whether there be any resurrection and judgment to come, or any immortality of the soul. Isa. 22:13, And behold, joy and gladness, slaying oxen, and killing sheep, eating flesh, and drinking wine: let us eat and drink, for to morrow we shall die. Luke 12:19, And I will say to my soul, Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for many years, take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry. The Witness of the Covenant hath decided that controversy, and testifieth, that he himself had experience of it; he was dead and is alive. Rev. 1:18, I am he that liveth, and was dead, and behold I am alive for evermore, Amen. John 6:40, And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one that seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day. Heb. 12:23, To the general assembly and Church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven; and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect. Matt. 22:23-31.

     4. It's a controversy to the world, whether there be any Heaven or Hell; they say in their hearts, who knoweth that there are such things, and what they be, and where they are? Luke 16:31, And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, though one rose from the dead. Isa. 28:15, Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement, when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come unto us. The Witness of the Covenant testifieth that there are such things, and that he saw both, and experienced the truth of the things that are written of them. Psal. 16:10, For thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine Holy One to see corruption. Luke 23:43, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise. John 13:1, 3; 14:2; Luke 16:23-25; Heb. 12:23-24; 2 Thess. 1:9; Rev. 21 and 22.

     5. It's a controversy to the world, whether there be a God, or a Providence that ruleth the world. Psal. 14:1, The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. Isa. 29:15, And they say, Who seeth us, and who knoweth us? The Witness of the Covenant hath decided this controversy. John 20:17, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father, and to my God and your God. John 6:57, As the living Father hath sent me, and I live by the Father: so he that eateth me, even he shall live by me. Dan. 5:21, 23, till he knew that the most high God ruled in the kingdom of men, and that he hath appointed over it whomsoever he will.....and the God in whose hand thy breath is, and whose are all thy ways; hast thou not glorified. Rev. 15:3-4, And they sang the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, Great and marvellous are thy works, Lord God Almighty, just and true are thy ways, thou King of saints. Who shall not fear thee, O Lord, and glorify thy name? for thou only art holy: for all nations shall come and worship before thee, for thy judgments are made manifest.

     6. It's a controversy with the world, yea and sometimes also with the saints, whether the people of God, or the wicked of the world have the better lot. Psal. 73:3, 12, For I was envious at the foolish, when I saw the prosperity of the wicked.....Behold, these are the ungodly who prosper in the world: they increase in riches. But this also is decided by the Witness of the Covenant. Psal. 49:18-19, Though while he lived, he blessed his soul: and men will praise thee, when thou doest well to thyself. He shall go to the generation of his fathers, they shall never see light. John 3:18, 36, He that believeth on him, is not condemned: but he that believeth not, is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God. He that believeth on the Son, hath everlasting life, he that believeth not the Son, shall not see life, but the wrath of God abideth on him. Isa. 3:10-11, Say ye to the righteous, it shall be well with him: for they shall eat the fruit of their doings. Woe unto the wicked, it shall be ill with him, for the reward of his hands shall be given him. Rev. 21:4, And God shall wipe all tears from their eyes: and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain, for the former things are passed away.

 

September 12

     Again, it is a controversy to doubting believers, whether God hath chosen them and loved them with an everlasting love. Psal. 88:4, 14, I am counted with them that go down to the pit...Lord, why castest thou off my soul? This controversy is decided by the Witness of the Covenant, who giveth that double certainty of all these things, whereby they are not only made sure in themselves, because he hath testified them; but are also made sure unto us. Jer. 31:3, The Lord hath appeared of old unto me, saying, Yea, I have loved thee with an everlasting love: therefore with lovingkindness have I drawn thee. Heb. 8:10, For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after these days, saith the Lord: I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people. Where the sayings of Jeremy are applied to Christ who made the Covenant. John 15:13, 16, 19, Greater love hath no man then this, that a man lay down his life for his friends.....Ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen you, and ordained you, that ye should go and bring forth fruit, and that your fruit should remain.....but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you. John 6:69, And we believe and are sure that thou art that Christ, the Son of the living God.

 

September 13

     It is a controversy to doubting believers, whether they be the children of God, and whether they be effectually called by the Grace of Christ. Psal. 22:6, But I am a worm and no man; a reproach of men, and despised of the people. Christ decides the controversy by interposing his Testimony. John 13:35, By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another. Rom. 8:16, The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are children of God. Isa. 43:1, Fear not, for I have redeemed thee, I have called thee by thy name, thou art mine.

 

September 14

     It is a controversy to doubting believers, whether they shall ever see Christ, and meet with him again, when he doth but a little withdraw out of their sight. Isa. 49:14, But Zion said, The Lord hath forsaken me, and my Lord hath forgotten me. Whether they shall at any time again be comforted with his presence: but he decides the controversy, and witnesseth clearly, that he and they shall meet again. John 16:22, And ye now therefore have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh from you. John 14:18, I will not leave you comfortless, I will come to you. Isa. 54:8, In a little wrath I hid my face from thee for a moment; but with everlasting kindness will I have mercy on thee, saith the Lord thy Redeemer. Isa. 49:15, Can a woman forget her sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? yea, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee.

 

September 15

     It's a controversy to the doubting believer, whether there be any reality in his presence, and in the fellowship of his company, both when they enjoy it, and when they want it. Luke 24:21, 37, 41, But we trusted that it had been he which should have redeemed Israel: and beside all this, to day is the third day since these things were done....But they were terrified and affrighted, and supposed that they had seen a spirit....And while they yet believed not for joy, and wondered. 2 Chron. 6:18, But will God in very deed dwell with men on the earth? But by his Witness he decides that controversy. Luke 24:38-40, 42, And he said unto them, Why are ye troubled? and why do thoughts arise in your hearts? Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me and see, for a spirit hath not flesh and bones as ye see me have. And when he had thus spoken, he shewed them his hands and his feet....And they gave him a piece of a broiled fish, and of an honeycomb. John 6:20, But he saith unto them, It is I, be not afraid. 1 Cor. 1:9, God is faithful by whom ye were called unto the fellowship of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord.

 

September 16

     It is a controversy to the doubting believer, whether his Salvation be sure or not, whether he shall be saved and inherit Life-eternal. Psal. 88:11-12, Shall thy lovingkindness be declared in the grave? or thy faithfulness in destruction? shall thy wonders be known in the dark, and thy righteousness in the land of forgetfulness? But Christ hath interposed his Witness to decide that controversy. John 6:57, As the living Father hath sent me, and I live by the Father: so he that eateth me, even he shall live by me. John 3:15-16, That whosoever believeth in him, should not perish, but have eternal life. For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him, should not perish, but have everlasting life. Psal. 35:3, Say unto my soul, I am thy salvation.

 

September 17

     It is a controversy to believers, whether they shall ever be victorious over their lusts, and prevail against their temptations, when they feel the strength and working of corruption in themselves, as Paul did. Rom. 7:14-15, But I am carnal, sold under sin: For that which I do, I allow not: for what I would, that I do not, but what I hate, that I do. Many a time they utter that language, Lam. 3:18, And I said, My strength and my hope is perished from the Lord. But the Witness of the Covenant testifieth in this also, and decides the controversy in their favors. 1 John 4:4, Ye are of God, little children, and have overcome them: because greater is he that is in you, then he that is in the world. 1 John 5:4-5, For whatsoever is born of God, overcometh the world: and this is the victory that overcometh the world, even our faith: who is he that overcometh the world, but he that believeth that Jesus is the Son of God? Rom. 16:20, And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly.

 

September 18

     It is a controversy to doubting believers, whether they shall persevere to the end, or shall not rather fall away finally. Psal. 51:11, Cast me not away from thy presence: and take not thy holy spirit from me. But Christ hath decided the controversy. John 17:12, Those that thou gavest me, I have kept, and none of them is lost, but the son of perdition. John 10:28, And I give unto them eternal life, and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand. John 14:19, Because I live, ye shall live also.

 

September 19

     It is a controversy to the doubting believer, whether it be good for him to be so dealt with, to be afflicted, deserted, tempted, etc. Psal. 42:9, I will say unto my God, my rock, Why hast thou forgotten me? why go I mourning because of the oppression of the enemy? Psal. 73:13-14, Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain, and washed my hands in innocency. For all the day long I have been plagued, and chastened every morning. Christ hath decided this controversy also, not by his verdict only of the matter, but by his Witness in his people's hearts. John 16:7, Nevertheless I tell you the truth, it is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you: but if I depart, I will send him unto you. Rom. 8:28, And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose. 1 Pet. 1:6, Wherein ye greatly rejoice: though now for a season, if need be ye are in heaviness through manifold temptations. Psal. 119:71, It is good for me that I have been afflicted, that I might learn thy statutes.

 

September 20

     It is a controversy to the doubting believer, while he reaps not the present fruit of his seeking God, whether it be in vain to serve God; and to follow duties. Psal. 73:13, Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain, and washed my hands in innocency. But it is the Witness of the Covenant who only can decide this and he hath done it. Isa. 45:19, I said not unto the seed of Jacob, Seek ye me in vain: I the Lord speak righteousness, I declare things that are right. Psal. 73:28, But it is good for me to draw near to God: I have put my trust in the Lord God, that I may declare all thy works.

 

September 21

     This Covenant-relation of Christ's, layeth grounds of comfort to believers.

     1. That you want not a Witness to testify unto you concerning all things which are dark and doubtful. Isa. 55:4, Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people. 1 John 5:8-10, And there are three that bear witness in earth, the spirit, and the water, and the blood, and these three agree in one. If we receive the witness of men, the witness of God is greater: for this is the witness of God, which he hath testified of his Son: He that believeth on the Son of God hath the witness in himself: he that believeth not God, hath made him a liar, because he believeth not the record that God gave of his Son. So that if you be doubtful, and in the dark about anything pertaining to God and to the matters of your Salvation; you know how to have that witnessed and plainly made out unto you, by Christ the Witness of the Covenant. And if you continue under your doubting, blame yourselves. Isa. 42:6, And I give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles.

     2. Another ground of comfort, resulting from this Covenant-relation, is, that we not only have a Witness, but that we have such a Witness, him for a Witness; that God who might have given us other witnesses, and have denied this Witness, hath, given him for a Witness. Heb. 1:1-2, God who at sundry times, and in divers manners, spake in times past unto the fathers by the prophets; hath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom he also made the worlds. Acts 14:17, Nevertheless, he left not himself without witness, in that he did good, and gave us rain from heaven, and fruitful seasons, filling our hearts with food and gladness. So fit a Witness, 1 John 1:2-3, who heard and saw, and acted all the business of the Covenant, Prov. 8:22-32. So faithful a Witness, that will not lie, that cannot lie, Rev. 1:5; 3:14. So great a Witness, a person of such authority, being God, 1 John 5:9; Luke 9:35. So compassionate a Witness who can pity his doubting-people, Heb. 5:2. So condescending a Witness, who can stoop to teach and persuade the weaklings of the people, Isa. 40:11; John 9:39, as all his carriage did prove, while he was upon the earth: So convincing a Witness, whose testimony can put an end to all strife, if he will only speak the word, Matt. 8:8. And all this is for the stronger consolation of Believers, Heb. 6:17-18, Wherein God, willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise, the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath: That by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong consolation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope sat before us.

 

September 22

     Another ground of comfort which this relation affordeth to Believers, is, That Christ is by office a Witness, and that he is a Witness by Covenant: i.e. not only doth the office which is upon him, bind this upon him; but by Covenant and voluntary condescension, he is engaged, and hath consented to be a Witness to the people: therefore saith the Lord, Behold I have given him for a witness. Isa. 55:4. And he saith, Lo, I come to do thy will, Heb. 10:9. This is your comfort, Believers, that Christ is a Witness by office and Covenant, and can no more deny to testify unto you the things pertaining to the Covenant, than ye can deny his office, or break his Covenant.

 

September 23

     Another ground of comfort in this Covenant-relation is, that he is given for a witness to the people. I mean, that whatsoever belongs to him by this office and relation of being a Witness, and whatsoever he is by virtue thereof, that he is; and that he performeth to all the people of God without exception or respect of persons, what he hath been in his way of witnessing, and what he hath testified and declared to others of the people of God; insomuch that he hath settled, quieted and comforted them, by doing the part of a Witness, to reveal and to prove unto them, things about which they doubted, concerning their Covenant-state, and his Covenant-love; that same he will do to thee and to any of his people. Rom. 3:22, Even the righteousness of God, which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all, and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference. Gal. 3:28, There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female, for ye are all one in Christ Jesus. Acts 10:34, Then Peter opened his mouth, and said, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons. 1 John 1:3, That which we have seen and heard, declare we unto you, that  ye also may have fellowship with us, and truly our fellowship is with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ.

 

September 24

     Christ is the messenger of the covenant. Mal. 3:1,  the Lord whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple, even the messenger of the covenant whom ye delight in.

     The name Messenger or Angel doth import,

     1. A delegation or Trust: a Messenger is a Trustee, it is a name of office or employment, and doth necessarily import a Mission; therefore it is often joined with sending. See Mal. 3:1, Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me. Matt. 11:10, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face. 1 Kings 19:2, Then Jezebel sent a messenger unto Elijah, saying, etc. If it be asked, unto which of Christ's offices doth this name relate? I answer, it doth in some respect relate to all his offices, because his Message is as large as his Mission and Unction, which includeth all his offices; but it doth more especially relate to his Prophetical and Priestly Office, because in regard of these mainly, he traveled betwixt the parties, and carried Messages and Reports hither and thither.

     2. This name of Messenger doth import a subordination or subjection, in regard that he who sendeth, is greater than he who is sent. John 13:16, Verily, verily I say unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord, neither he that is sent greater than he that sent him. Matt. 8:9, For I am a man under authority, having soldiers under me: and I say to this man, Go, and he goeth: and to another, Come, and he cometh: and to my servant, Do this, and he doth it. And therefore it must be understood of Christ, in regard of his dispensatory employment and voluntary condes-cension, whereby he humbled himself to travail in the work of Redemption. Phil. 2:7, And took upon him the form of a servant.

     3. This name of Messenger of the Covenant, doth import on the part of a Messenger, a traveling betwixt the parties of the Covenant, betwixt him who sendeth Christ, and these to whom he is sent. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. John 16:28, I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave the world and go to the Father. John 14:2, I go to prepare a place for you.

     4. This name imports correspondence and intercourse betwixt the parties, through the Messenger, and by his means and travel. 2 Sam. 11:22-23, 25,  So the messenger went, and came and shewed David all that Joab had sent him for. And the messenger said unto David, Surely the men prevailed against us..... Then David said unto the messenger, Thus shalt thou say unto Joab, Let not this thing displease thee, etc. John 17:6, 8, I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world.....and they have believed that thou didst send me. John 13:3, And that he was come from God, and went to God.

 

September 25

     Consider next, in what respects the name Messenger is applicable to Christ with relation to the Covenant.

     1. In regard of the power and trust committed unto him in the matters of the Covenant; he is the Messenger of the Covenant, that is, the great Lord Ambassador extraordinary, and Trustee of Heaven, who represented his Father, and who was Plenipotentiary, being perfectly instructed, and fully empowered to propound, treat and conclude in all matters pertaining to the Covenant, and the settlement of peace 'twixt God and man; and in this sense the word is used. Thus Christ is the Messenger of the Covenant. This power and trust is committed unto him, to represent his Father. 2 Cor. 5:19, To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself. Heb. 1:1, 3, God hath in these last days spoken to us by his Son. And to treat and conclude with us a Covenant in his name. John 5:22, For the Father judgeth no man: but hath committed all judgment unto the Son. John 17:2, As thou hast given him power over all flesh that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him. Matt. 28:18, All power is given unto me in heaven and earth.    

     2. This name of Messenger of the Covenant, is applicable to him in regard of his pains and travel in the matters of the Covenant: I mean, in regard of his work as well as his trust; and thus in regard of several pieces of his work and travel, he may be called the Messenger of the Covenant.

       (a) He is the Messenger who carried the Message of a new Covenant, who traveled from Heaven to earth with this Message, to make a Covenant betwixt God and sinners; he came expressly for this one errand. Gal. 4:4-5, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. 1 John 5:6, This is he that came by water and blood, even Jesus Christ, not by water only, but by water and blood. 1 John 1:5, This then is the message which we have heard of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.

       (b) He is the Messenger who did publish and intimate the new Covenant, and God's gracious purpose in it, as that thing which was his errand in the world; he did it Authoritatively, others only Ministerally. 2 Cor. 5:20, Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us, we pray you in Christ's stead, be ye reconciled to God. He is the chief Minister of the new testament, others only by commission from him. Isa. 61:1, The spirit of the Lord God is upon me, because the Lord hath annointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek. Heb. 8:2, 6, 10, A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle which the Lord pitched and not man.....But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises.....For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days saith the Lord, etc. Eph. 4:9, 11, Now that he ascended, what is it, but that he also descended first into the lower parts of the earth?.....And he gave some apostles, and some prophets, and some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers. Luke 19:10; Eph. 2:17; Prov. 9:1, 3. So the word is taken for one that intimateth or bringeth word, and giveth notice of anything, Job 1:14.

       (c) He is the Messenger who doth interpret and declare the Message of the new Covenant, who traveleth to be an Interpreter of the mind of God in that matter. Matt. 11:27, All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son but the Father: neither knoweth any man the Father save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him. John 1:18, No man hath seen God at any time: the only begotten Son which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him. Rom. 3:25-26, Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation, through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God. To declare, I say, at this time his righteousness: that he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus. Luke 24:17, And beginning at Moses, and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures, the things concerning himself. Hence he is called a prophet, Acts 3:22. And that prophet, John 6:14; 7:40. And in this sense this word is taken. Job 33:23, If there be a messenger with him, an interpreter, one among a thousand, to shew unto man his uprightness.

       (d)  He is the messenger, which acteth the Covenant upon the hearts of his people, I mean, the Messenger which attacheth the hearts of his people (as a Sergeant at Arms, that layeth hands upon a man) and bringeth them into the bond of the Covenant; the Messenger that never leaveth pursuit until he hath apprehended. Ezek. 20:37, And I will bring you into the bond of the covenant. Heb. 8:10, For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord: I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people. Hos. 2:19, And I will betroth thee unto me for ever; yea, I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in loving-kindness and in mercies. Ezek. 36:27, And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments, and do them. John 6:29, 37, Jesus answered and said unto them, This is the work of God, that ye believe on him whom he hath sent.....All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me. So this word is used, 1 Sam. 19:11, 14, Saul also sent messengers unto David's house to watch him, and to slay him in the morning.....And when Saul sent messengers to David, she said, He is sick.

       (e) He is the messenger which reporteth the Covenant, and the transactions with every soul that receiveth this Gospel, where, and with whom the treaty took effect; and where, and with whom, the proposal of the Covenant halted. John 17:6-8, I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and they have kept thy word. Now they have known that all things whatsoever thou hast given me are of thee. For I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me; and they have received them, and have known surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed that thou didst send me. So the word is used, Gen. 32:6, And the messengers returned to Jacob, saying, etc.

 

September 26

     1. In respect of the business about which he is employed, his Message is about matters of huge concernment to both the parties of the Covenant; for his Father's honor, and his people's happiness, lay equally in the business about which he is employed. John 17:2, 4, That he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him....I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do.

     2. In respect of the travels of his soul in that business and Message; he did it cordially, and condescendingly did he run the errands of both the parties. He came his Father's errand to us, and he went our errand to his Father. John 13:3, Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God and went to God. John 14:2, 12, I go to prepare a place for you.....because I go unto my Father. John 16:5, 28, But now I go my way to him that sent me, and none of you asketh me, Whither goest thou?.....I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and go to the Father.

     3. In respect of his Ambassage and Agency; he was an Ambassador and Agent on God's part; while he was here upon the earth, he was his Messenger, who came to declare and to confirm the Covenant. 2 Cor. 5:19, To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself. Gal. 4:4-5, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. And he is now our Agent, he is Messenger and Lieger in Heaven on our part, in regard of his constant residence there for our business. Heb. 9:24, For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself now to appear in the presence of God for us. Acts 3:21, Whom the heavens must receive until the times of restitution of all things.

     4. In respect of his correspondency with both parties: he is correspondent with God for his people. John 17:8, 25, For I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me, and they have received them, and have known surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed that thou didst send me.....And these have known that thou hast sent me. And he is correspondent with us for God. John 6:38-39, For I came down from heaven, not to do mine own will, but the will of him that sent me. And this is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me, I should lose nothing, but should raise it up again at the last day. Luke 12:32, Fear not little flock, for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom. He is correspendent betwixt the confederate parties.

 

September 27

     About what business is he Messenger? and what is the special subject matter of his employment? Answer. His Name and Covenant-relations do declare the business; he is messenger of the covenant, Mal. 3:1. His Message is as large and broad as all things pertaining to the Covenant. Heb. 2:17, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.

 

September 28

     Whatsoever appertaineth to the making of the Covenant, he is Messenger betwixt God and his people for that effect; whether it be anything which belongeth to the courting and wooing of his people's hearts, by commending his Father, and making offers of himself, and of his love unto them. John 14:2, In my Father's house are many mansions; if it were not so, I would have told you. John 15:1, I am the true vine. John 16:27, For the Father himself loveth you. John 3:16, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son. John 10:14, 29, l am the good shepherd.....my Father which gave them me, is greater than all. Wisdom crieth, who will have Christ? Prov. 9:1, Wisdom hath builded her house, she hath hewn out her seven pillars, etc. John 7:37-38, In that last day, that great day of the feast, Jesus stood, and cried, saying, If any man thirst, let him come unto me and drink. He that believeth on me, as the scripture hath said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water. Matt. 11:28, Come unto me all ye that labour, and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Hos. 2:14, Therefore behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak comfortably unto her. Song. 2:1, I am the rose of Sharon, and the lily of the valleys. Or whether it be anything which belongeth to the engaging the hearts of his people, in determining them by his grace, and acting the Covenant upon their hearts, he is Messenger also for that, to command souls to engage with him, and to arise and go after him, and to forsake all for him. Ezek. 20:37, And I will cause you to pass under the rod, and I will bring you into the bond of the covenant. Ezek. 36:27, And I will put my spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep my judgments and do them. Heb. 8:10, For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel, after those days saith the Lord: I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts, and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people. Psal. 45:10, Hearken, O daughter and consider, and incline thine ear: forget also thine own people, and thy father's house. Gen. 12:1, 4, Now the Lord had said unto Abraham, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will shew thee.....So Abraham departed as the Lord had spoken unto him. Matt. 4:19-20, And he saith unto them, Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men. And they straightway left their nets and followed him.

 

September 29

     Whatsoever appertaineth to the maintaining and preserving of the Covenant and confederacy betwixt God and his people, Christ is Messenger for that and herein he doth the part of the Messenger of the Covenant:

     1. By traveling betwixt the parties for keeping up free access betwixt them, and liberty to speak with one another: for it is by him that God hath access to speak to our hearts, and that we have access to him by frequent mutual Messages, the Messenger being a Courtier and Favorite with both the parties. Eph. 2:18, For through him we both have access, by one Spirit, unto the Father. Eph. 3:12, In whom we have boldness and access with confidence, by the faith of him. Heb. 1:1-2, God who at sundry times, and in divers manners, spake in times past unto the fathers by the prophets, hath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son.

     2. By traveling betwixt the parties for correspondence and intercourse, to maintain communion and a good understanding betwixt them, to the end that none of the parties engaged in the Covenant of kindness, become strangers to one another through the want of converse and corresponding. Christ is a Messenger betwixt them to maintain the peace and friendship, John 16:16, A little while and ye shall not see me: and again a little while, and ye shall see me: because I go to the Father. John 14:18-19, I will not leave you comfortless, I will come to you. Yet a little while, and the world seeth me no more; but ye see me: because I live, ye shall live also.

     3. He is a Messenger to maintain the Covenant betwixt God and his people, by traveling betwixt the parties with good reports. Heb. 12:24-25, And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel. See that ye refuse not him that speaketh, etc. Commending God to his people, and his love, and speaking good of all his way with them. John 10:29, My Father which gave them me, is greater than all. John 16:27, For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me. Psal. 25:10, All the paths of the Lord are mercy and truth, unto such as keep his covenant, and his testimonies. And commending believers unto his Father, and speaking good of them, and for them, frequently behind their back, when they do not hear him. John 17:6, 8, 25, I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and they have kept thy word.....For I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me, and they have received them, and known surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed that thou didst send me.....O righteous Father, the world hath not known thee, but I have known thee, and these have known that thou hast sent me. Jer. 31:20, Is Ephraim my dear son? is he a pleasant child? for since I spake against him, I do earnestly remember him still: therefore my bowels are troubled for him: I will surely have mercy upon him, saith the Lord. Jer. 12:7, I have given the dearly beloved of my soul, into the hand of her enemies. Christ maketh both a good report of his Father to his people here on earth, and a good report of them to his Father in Heaven; he putteth good constructions, not only upon his Father's way with his people, (which cannot reasonably bear an evil construction). Rom. 8:28, And we know that all things work together for good, to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose. But also upon his people's way and walk, and duties to God-ward, a construction and report of them, which they would stand in awe to give of themselves; yea they are in hazard to contradict this blessed Messenger's report many a time. John 14:4-5, And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know. Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest: and how can we know the way?

 

September 30

     Whatsoever appertaineth to the repairing of the Covenant, or to the renewing and establishing thereof in the case of any breach betwixt the parties, he is a Messenger for that. He is the repairer of the breach, and doth declare himself the Angel of the Covenant,

     1. By taking up emergent differences betwixt God and his people, that they may not controvert about them, but may rather have satisfaction in him. Isa. 53:12, And he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. Heb. 9:7, But into the second, went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people. For as our high priest, he makes offering for the errors of the people: for all the differences arising betwixt God and his people, are taken away alone by his travels.

     2. By renewing the Covenant-kindness, and love, and engagements, he travels as a Messenger, and cannot rest after breaches and differences betwixt his Father and his people, or betwixt himself and them, until the wonted kindness be renewed, and till it be betwixt God and his people, as it used to be. 1 John 2:1-2, And if any man sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous, and he is the propitiation for our sins. Jer. 2:2, Go and cry in the ears of Jerusalem, saying, Thus saith the Lord, I remember thee, the kindness of thy youth, the love of thine espousals, when thou wentest after me in the wilderness, in a land that was not sown. Isa. 54:8, In a little wrath I hid my face from thee for a moment; but with everlasting kindness will I have mercy on thee, saith the Lord thy Redeemer. Ezek. 16:60, Nevertheless, I will remember my covenant with thee in the days of thy youth, and I will establish unto thee an everlasting covenant.

October 1

     Let us a little consider the properties of the Messenger and Angel of the Covenant, which do commend his travels in that business, and may hold forth a pattern to all the inferior Messengers of the Covenant, and Angels of the Churches.

     1. He is a faithful Messenger, and true to the trust committed unto him; one who varied not, and departed not from his commission in a tittle, in anything of his Father's will, and the welfare of his people. (I do not say, the will of his people; for though he be very condescending to satisfy them, yet he not holding his commission of them, he is constrained, for their good, to cross their will sometimes, that he may be faithful to him who appointed him.) Heb. 3:1-2, Wherefore holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus, who was faithful to him that anointed him, as also Moses was faithful in all his house. John 6:38-40, For I came down from heaven not to do mine own will, but the will of him that sent me. And this is the Father's will which hath sent me, that of all which he hath given me, I should lose nothing, but should raise it up again at the last day. And this is the will of him that sent me, that every one which seeth the Son, and believeth on him, may have everlasting life: and I will raise him up at the last day. A Messenger who kept close to his instructions.

     2. He is an active diligent Messenger, who did never deal with a slack hand in any matter of the Covenant, whether committed unto him by his Father, or wherein he was employed by his people; his heart did lay so much to the business, that it is impossible he should not be alive and stirring in it. Yea, his Soul travailed so diligently in that trust, that he could take no rest until it was done. Isa. 53:11, He shall see the travail of his soul and shall be satisfied. John 17:4, I have glorified thee on earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. Yea, so careful was he of that Message, that it made him forget his refreshments and his rest, as appears in his unwearied pains for converting the woman of Samaria, even while he was wearied with his journey, John 4:6. Yea it was refreshment to him to be about that business. John 4:34, Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me and to finish his work. Yea, it made him some way forget his relations here on earth. Luke 2:49, And he said unto them, How is it that ye sought me? wilt ye not that I must be about my Father's business. Matt. 12:46, 49-50, While he yet talked to the people, behold, his mother and his brethren stood without, desiring to speak with him...Behold, my mother and my brethren, for whosoever shall do the will of my Father which is in heaven, the same is my brother, and sister, and mother.

     3. He is a swift Messenger, who in all the matters of the Covenant which are committed unto him, loveth to make good dispatch: he is commended for this. Mal. 3:1, And the Lord whom ye seek shall suddenly come to his temple, even the messenger of the covenant whom ye delight in. And we may take notice of it in the word of the prophet, Isa. 18:2, though spoken in another sense. O so swift a messenger and speedy as he was, when he was sent to lay down his life! Luke 19:28, And when he had thus spoken, he went before, ascending up to Jerusalem, etc., he made haste to die. John 13:27, And after the sop, Satan entered into him: then said Jesus unto him, That thou doest, do quickly. And he made haste to arise again. John 20:1, The first day of the week, early yet when it was dark. He made haste to shew himself to his friends after he rose, John 20 and Luke 24, and he maketh haste to come again to his people, John 14:3, 18, And if I go to prepare a place for you, I will come again.....I will not leave you comfortless, I will come to you.

     4. He is an Accurate reporter of the Message which he beareth; a Messenger who never failed to bring a return of his errand, both upward to God, and downward to his people. John 13:3, Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God. John 14:2-3, I go to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself, that where I am, there ye may be also.

     5. He is a Messenger who was hugely mortified (if I may use that word) and denied to his own honor and credit; for all the while he travailed up and down here, about the Message of the Covenant, he did not regard how he was used, so that his Message were taken off his hand. Heb. 12:2, Who for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. Matt. 20:28, Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many. John 4:9-10, Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans. Jesus answered, and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith unto thee, Give me to drink, thou wouldst have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water.

 

October 2

     Take heed how you receive and entertain the Messenger of the Covenant. Heb. 12:25, See that ye refuse not him that speaketh: for if they escaped not, who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven? Heb. 3:1, Wherefore, holy brethren, partners of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus, etc. This is the more of your concernment,

     1. Because the entertainment and usage given unto the Messenger of the Covenant, redoundeth upon him that sent him, whether you use him honorably or disrespectively. John 12:26, If any man serve me, let him follow me; and where I am, there shall also my servant be. If any man serve me, him will my Father honour. Luke 10:16, He that heareth you, heareth me: and he that despiseth you, despiseth me: and he that despiseth me, despiseth him that sent me.

     2. Because great weight is laid upon the unworthy using of the Messenger of the Covenant, insomuch as no sin nor aggravation of sin carrieth stress as is laid upon it. John 3:36, He that believeth on the Son, hath everlasting life; and he that believeth not the Son, shall not see life, but the wrath of God abideth on him. John 15:22, If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin: but now they have no cloak for their sin.

     3. Because that usage that is given to the Messenger of the Covenant, is hugely resented, whether it be good or evil. John 1:11-12, He came unto his own, and his own received him not. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. Matt. 10:41, He that receiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet, shall receive a prophet's reward.

     4. Because no sin hath been more speedily and severely revenged, than the ill usage of this Messenger. Matt. 21:41, They say unto him, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons. Matt. 22:6-7, And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them. But when the king heard, thereof, he was wroth, and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burnt up their city. Luke 19:14, 27, But his citizens hated him, and sent a message after him, saying, We will not have this man to reign over us....But those mine enemies, which would not that I should reign over them, bring hither, and slay them before me.

 

October 3

     Consider further;

     1. It is your own business about which the Messenger of the Covenant is travailing with you. Luke 19:10, 42, For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost..... Saying, If thou hast known, even thou, at least in this thy day the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes. John 5:40, And ye will not come to me, that ye might have life. The honor of his Message and travails shall be his own and his Father's; yet the profit and advantage of it shall be yours. John 17:2, As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him. 1 Tim. 1:15, This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Jesus Christ came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am chief.

     2. Consider, there is a limited set-time for the Message which he carrieth. Mark 14:7, But me ye have not always. I mean, there is not only a time set unto Christ by his Father, at which his traveling as Messenger of the Covenant shall expire, John 13:1, When Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father. 1 Cor. 15:24-25, Then cometh the end, when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he shall have put down all rule, and all authority and power. For he must reign till he hath put all his enemies under his feet. But the Messenger of the Covenant hath also set a time to you all, until which he will tarry for your answer, whether ye will take hold of the Covenant or not, and after which he will tarry no longer for it. John 12:35-36, Then Jesus said unto them, Yet a little while is the light with you: walk while ye have this light, lest darkness come upon you: for he that walketh in darkness, knoweth not whither he goeth. While ye have the light, believe in the light, that ye may be the children of light. Luke 13:7, Then said he unto the dresser of his vineyard, Behold, these three days I come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and find none; cut it down, why cumbereth it the ground? We have not this Message settled upon us by inheritance, nor by Life-rent-taxes.

     3. Consider, that the Messenger of the Covenant maketh shortest stay and abode, where his Message, the offer of the Covenant is slighted, and gets not an answer. Acts 13:46, But seeing ye put it from you, and judge yourselves unworthy of everlasting life; Lo, we turn to the Gentiles. Matt. 21:41, They say unto him, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let out his vineyard unto other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons. Matt. 10:13, And if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it: but if it be unworthy, let your peace return to you. Rev. 2:5, Remember therefore from whence thou art fallen, and repent, and do the first works, or else I will come unto thee quickly, and will remove thy candlestick out of his place, except thou repent. Song. 5:5-6, I rose up to open to my beloved, and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh upon the handles of the lock. I opened to my beloved, but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone.

     4. Consider, that there is a time coming, when the Messenger of the Covenant, and his Message cannot avail you, if you let go the season and opportunity of Grace. 2 Cor. 6:2, For he saith, I have heard thee in a time accepted, and in the day of salvation, I have succored thee: Behold, now is the accepted time: Behold, now is the day of salvation. Heb. 4:7, Again he limiteth a certain day, saying in David, To day, after so long a time; as it is said, To day, if ye will hear his voice, harden not your hearts. Heb. 12:17, For ye know how that afterward, when he would have inherited the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no place of repentance, though he sought it carefully with tears. Luke 13:25-26, When once the master of the house is risen up, and hath shut to the door, and ye begin to stand without, and to knock at the door saying, Lord, Lord, open unto us; and he shall answer and say unto you, I know you not whence you are. Then shall ye begin to say, We have eaten and drunk in thy presence, and thou hast taught in our streets.

     5. Consider, that the Messenger is to make report, to him who sent him, what success he had for his travel, and who did receive his Message. John 17:6-8, 25,  I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me, and they have kept thy word: Now they have known that all things whatsoever thou hast given me, are of thee. For I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me, and they have received them, and have known surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed that thou didst send me....O righteous Father, the world hath not known thee, but I have known thee, and those have known that thou hast sent me. O be thank yourselves in time, what shall be reported of your entertaining the Messenger of the Covenant, and the things which he proposed unto you; shall that be told of you in Heaven which hath been told of many. John 1:11, He came unto his own, and his own received him not. John 5:40, And ye will not come to me, that ye might have life. John 12:37, But though he had done so many miracles before them, yet they believed not on him. John 15:23-24, He that hateth me, hateth my Father also: but now have they both seen, and hated both me and my Father. Luke 7:30, But the Pharisees and lawyers rejected the counsel of God against themselves, being not baptized of him. Psal. 81:11, But my people would not hearken to my voice, and Israel would none of me. Matt. 22:5-6, But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise: and the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them. Matt. 23:37, O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not! Isa. 49:4, Then I said, I have laboured in vain, I have spent my strength for nought, and in vain. Matt. 11:17, And saying, We have piped, unto you, and ye have not danced: we have mourned unto you, and ye have not lamented. Shall the Messenger of the Covenant have no good report to make of you, like that which he made of his disciples? John 16:27, For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me, and believed that I came out from God. At least, let him have that to say of you, that he reported of Ephraim, That you have lamented the frowardness of your own hearts under all his pains and travail, Jer. 31:18, I have surely heard Ephraim bemoaning himself: Thou hast chastised me, and I was chastised: as a bullock unaccustomed to the yoke, etc.

 

October 4

     Suffer me from this Covenant-relation of Christ's, to exhort you,

     1. To employ him in that which is his trust. He is the Messenger of the Covenant; if there be anything which you have to do with God, relating to the making, maintaining, or renewing a Covenant with him, there is a Messenger appointed for negotiating in that matter, and one who is willing to be employed by you. Matt. 20:28, The Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me shall come to me: and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out. Heb. 2:17, Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.

     2. Beware that you usurp not his employment, neither intrude upon it; take heed that you attempt not to send any Message to God, and not by the Messenger of the Covenant. Heb. 12:29, For our God is a consuming fire. See that you go not any errand of the Covenant without him. See that you send not your prayers and other performances to God, or any Message without him, in their own strength, or by the hand of another Messenger, beside the Angel of the Covenant. Rev. 8:3, And another angel came and stood at the altar, having a golden censer, and there was given unto him much incense, that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints, upon the golden altar which was before the throne. John 16:23, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall ask the Father in my name, he will give it you.

     3. Acknowledge Christ in this Covenant-relation, and in the execution of it: That ever you heard of the Covenant; that it hath been declared, revealed, and interpreted to you, you are debtors for that to the Messenger of the Covenant: if he had not traveled in that business, you had never heard of it. Eph. 2:17, And came and preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were nigh. Matt. 13:11, Because it is given unto you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it is not given. Much more you are his Debtors, if the Covenant be acted upon your hearts. Heb. 8:6, 10, But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant.....For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of lsrael after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people. Matt. 16:17, And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven. John 17:6, 8, I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and they have kept thy word.....For I have given unto them the words which thou gavest me, and they have received them, and have known surely that I came out from thee, and they have believed that thou didst send me.

    4. Be requested to take notice and to listen what Message the Messenger of the Covenant bringeth to you: it is the Message of a Covenant, of a good and sure bargain, that you would join yourselves to the Lord, and take hold of his covenant. Isa. 56:4, 6, Whereunto, if you would but listen, it should prove a life-giving motion. Isa. 55:3, Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live: and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David. John 1:38-39, They said unto him, Rabbi, (which is to say, being interpreted, Master) where dwellest thou? he saith unto them, Come and see: they came and saw where he dwelt, and abode with him that day. It's a Message of peace. You need not stare at it, nor be afraid of what we have in commission, 2 Cor. 5:19-21, To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them, and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. Now then we are ambassadors for Christ as though God did beseech you by us, we pray you in Christ's stead, be ye reconciled to God: for he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him. Luke 2:10, 14, And the angel said unto them, Fear not; for behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people…..Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men. Isa. 60:17, For brass I will bring gold, and for iron I will bring silver, and for wood brass, and for stones iron: I will also make thine officers peace, and thine exactors righteousness. It's a Message of love, of the Father's love, and of the Son's. 1 John 3:1, Behold, what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called the sons of God: therefore the world knoweth us not, because it knew him not. John 15:13, Greater love hath no man then this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. It's a Message of Marriage-love, of a match proposed to your souls, Psal. 45; Song. 1; etc. Come and hear Christ, commend Christ, come and hear the Messenger of the Covenant, commend the bargain, commend the Covenant, commend God, commend Heaven and the lot of saints; and it became him well to do so, his praise is savory even in his own mouth, John 6:48; 8:14, 23-24; 10:11, 29; 14:2; 15:1; Song. 2:1; Prov. 9:1; etc., with Song. 3:11.

     5. Be persuaded to receive the Messenger himself. If it were possible to receive his Message, and not to receive himself, that could not avail you; consider with yourselves,

       (a) What huge unkindness it were not to receive such a Messenger, who hath traveled so far, and through so much hardship, and for this one errand, To make offer of his love to you. John 13:1, Having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end. Song. 5:2, Saying, Open to me my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled, for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.

       (b) Consider, how unexcusable before God this one act shall make you, and how much it shall leave upon yourselves, and bind upon yourselves your own blood and damnation. John 15:22, If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin; but now they have no cloak for their sin. John 5:40, And ye will not come to me that ye might have life. John 3:19, And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men have loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil.

       (c) Consider what high and excellent privileges the receiving of the Messenger of the Covenant bringeth with it. See John 1:12, But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. Rev. 3:20, If any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me. John 14:23, Jesus answered, and said unto him, If any man love me, he will keep my words; and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him. Isa. 56:7, Even them will I bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer: their burnt-offerings, and their sacrifices shall be accepted upon mine altar: for mine house shall be called an house of prayer for all people.

       (d) Consider how near God hath brought Heaven and Salvation unto you, by the Messenger of the Covenant: it is even come down to meet you, and brought to your door to knock for entry. Rev. 21:3-4, And I heard a great voice out of heaven, saying, Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men, and he will dwell with them, and they shall be his people and God himself shall be with them, and be their God, and God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes. Luke 10:9, And say unto them, The kingdom of God is come nigh unto you. Isa. 46:13, I bring near my righteousness; it shall not be far off, and my salvation shall not tarry: and I will place salvation in Zion, for Israel my glory. Rom. 13:11, And that, knowing the time, that now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now is our salvation nearer then when we believed.

       (e) Consider, that the Messenger of the Covenant is the jewel and precious stone of that ring; he himself is the chief thing that is in the Covenant, and much better than Salvation and Heaven. Matt. 13:44-45, Again the kingdom of heaven is like unto treasure hid in a field, the which when a man hath found, he hideth, and for joy thereof, goeth and selleth all that he hath, and buyeth that field. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a merchant man, seeking goodly pearIs, etc. 1 Pet. 2:7, Unto you therefore which believe, he is precious.

       (f) Consider, that he desireth no more satisfaction for all the travail of his soul in this Message, but that he may see some fruit of his travail, through his people's receiving his Message, and making the Messenger of the Covenant welcome; and it is a pity to refuse him so reasonable a desire. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. Luke 19:41-42, And when he was come near, he beheld the city and wept over it; saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.

       (g) Consider, that if you receive not the Messenger of the Covenant, you miss the whole bargain, for he is all the Covenant. Isa. 42:6, And I will give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles.

     6. By all means take heed how you entertain the Messenger of the Covenant. 1 Cor. 10:9, Neither let us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed of serpents. If you use him kindly, he will indeed deal well with you, and be easily entreated. Exod. 23:20, 22, Behold, I send an Angel before thee to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee in the place which I have prepared.....But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak, Then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries. Rev. 3:20, BehoId, I stand at the door and knock: if any man hear my voice, and open the door, I will come in to him, and sup with him and he with me. John 14:23, Jesus answered, and said unto him, If any man love me, he will keep my words: and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him. Luke 24:29, But they constrained him, saying, Abide with us, for it is towards evening, and the day is far spent, and he went in to tarry with them. But if you provoke him and slight him, O you had need to beware of him, he will not bear with it, Exod. 23:21; Isa. 61:2-3; 1 Cor. 16:22.

 

October 5

     The name of Servant in the business of the Covenant, is given to Christ, in regard of his trust; because the greatest trust that ever was put upon man, was put upon him by the Covenant of Redemption. He was entrusted with a rare piece of Service; the saving of sinners, the carrying through the work of Redemption, the weight of the lost world being laid upon his shoulders. Isa. 49:6, And he said, It is a light thing that thou shouldst be my servant, to raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved of Israel: I will also give thee for a light to the Gentiles, that thou mayest be my salvation unto the end of the earth. John 17:2, As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him. John 5:22, For as the Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son.

     1. This name is given to Christ, in regard of his wages and reward, which redounded unto him by this great Service which he performed unto God, by saving the elect world, which yet must be understood of no servile reward, for his love could not be hired; but we read of a reward promised and compacted unto him. Isa. 53:11-12, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong: because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. Psal. 2:8, Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the utter-most parts of the earth for thy possession. A reward expected and eyed by him. Isa. 49:4-5, Yet surely my judgment is with the Lord, and my work with my God. Though Israel be not gathered, yet shall I be glorious in the eyes of the Lord, and my God shall be my strength. A reward craved by him. John 17:4-5, I have glorified thee on earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do: And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the world was. A reward paid unto him as the fruit of his labors. Phil. 2:8-9, And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even unto the death of the cross. Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name; Heb. 12:2.

     2. The name of Servant, is given to him, in regard of the spirit of fear unto which he did subject himself for a season, while he was here in our nature, in the shape of a Servant: I say, though there were always in the heart of Christ a design of love, which made him run and serve in the business of the Covenant; yet there was something of the spirit of a Servant in the man Christ, made under the law. And having taken upon him our condition, as well as our nature (which yet must be understood to be such as did well stand with the heart of a Son, yea, with the height of that transcendent love, which was the love of God). And in regard of this he is said to be made under the law, Gal. 4:4. When he put his name in our bond, he took on our sevile condi-tion, and subjected himself to threatenings and terrors of the law. And hence it is that he is said to fear, Heb. 5:7, and to be troubled in spirit, John 12:27; 13:21.

 

October 6

     But what engaged him, and brought Christ under this Covenant-relation, to become a Servant? Answer. Sure it was by no necessity of nature that Christ was engaged in this Service, for he was not engaged, because he could not choose but he must be a Servant. But rather I judge these four things did engage him:

     1. The Lord's choice and call; the Lord did freely and of mere Grace make choice of Christ, and send him in this Service. Isa. 42:1, 6, Behold my servant whom I uphold: mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth…..I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand and will keep thee. Isa. 61:1, The spirit of the Lord God is upon me, because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek: he hath sent me to bind the broken hearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound. Isa. 49:7, 9, Thus saith the Lord, the Redeemer of Israel, and his Holy One, to him whom man despiseth, to him whom the nation abhorreth, to a servant of rulers: Kings shall see and arise, princes also shall worship, because of the Lord, that is faithful, and the Holy One of Israel, and he shall choose thee.....That thou mayest say to the prisoners, Go forth; to them that are in darkness, Shew yourselves.

     2. His own love engaged him. There was always in the heart of Christ, a design and aim of love to the elect world, and this engaged him in the Service of a Covenant, by which he might enjoy them, and they him. John 13:1, 3-4, Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew that his hour was come, that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end….. And that he was come from God, and went to God…..And he took a towel, and girded himself, etc.

     3. His own free consent, who was as willing to undertake this service, as the Lord was to send him: this engaged him. John 10:17-18, Therefore, doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life that I might take it again, No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself: I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again, this commandment have I received of my Father. Heb. 10:7, Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. His free consent and agreement, to be a Servant by voluntary condescension, this engaged him, and made him a Servant. Phil. 2:6-7, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: but made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men.

     4. His compact and Covenant engaged him: for he not only consented to serve in this business of the Covenant, but he graciously condescended to be hired to perform such a Service, and undertook for it. Isa. 53:10-12, Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him, he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many: for he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong: because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. These, and nothing but these did conclude and determine Christ under this Covenant-relation, to serve this great Service of saving the lost world.

 

October 7

     What kind of Service is it which belongeth to Christ by this Covenant-relation? Answer,

     1. It was the greatest piece of Service and trust that ever was put upon man: no less then the whole work of our Redemption and Salvation, the weight of the lost world, and of all the elect, was upon his shoulders in this Service. Isa. 22:24, And they shall hang upon him all the glory of his father's house, the offspring and the issue, all vessels of small quantity; from the vessels of cups, even to all the vessels of flagons. John 17:2-4, As thou hast given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him. And this is life eternal, that they might know thee the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent. I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do.

     2. It was the hardest piece of Service that ever was laid upon any person. O what a hard Service was it to destroy the works of the Devil, to bind the strong man, and to spoil his house, to fall into his quarters, and to bring off the prisoners, yea, to go into the prison, and to let open the doors, and let the prisoners go free; to enter his person in prison for them; to pay the debt of so many broken men, to bear their transgressions, and the chastisement of their peace; to endure the stroke of the wakened up sword of Divine Justice in our stead! It was the hardship of this Service that made him heavy and grieved, that made him pray, and cry, and weep, and sweat blood, John 13:21; John 26:22, 42; Heb. 5:7; Luke 22:24. The Service of no laboring man, of no slave, that serveth for hire, as a stranger in another country, is to be compared with the hardship of his Service.

     3. This Service was an honorable place and Service. He served as a King. Heb. 8:1, Now of the things which we have spoken, this is the sum; We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens. Yea, it's a greater place than to be a King; for by it the man Christ is exalted far above all principality, and constituted Judge and Ruler of the Nations, Prince of the Kings of the Earth, head of the Church, and King of Saints. Phil. 2:8-9; Eph. 2:20-22; Col. 1:28; lsa. 9:6; Acts 17:31; Rev. 15:3; 17:14.

     4. It was the most kindly Service that ever was done by man; for it was the Service of love, the design of love that was in his heart, made him with good will to serve. Jer. 31:3, The Lord hath appeared of old unto me, saying, Yea, I have loved thee with an everlasting love: therefore with loving- kindness have I drawn thee. He Served not only as a hired man and a stranger in a far country, and as a King and great Lord Ambassador, whose Service was a Rule and Government; but he served also as a lover, because of the design of love, and of eternal enjoyment of his chosen people, which was in his heart, he wearied not to serve his Father, who had promised to give him the people whom he loved with an everlasting love, and he wearied not to serve his people, that he might court and woo them to himself. He did serve for the satisfaction that he promised to himself, in the enjoyment of the people, upon whom he had set his heart; and as low a price as poor sinners are, yet he counted them worthy to be compassed with so high a design; he reckoned them a wager and recompense for all his Service. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. Heb. 12:2, Who for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. His Service is not unfitly resembled by Jacob's, who Served for a wife whom he loved.

 

October 8

     What was the Service which Christ did in the business of the Covenant? though this cannot be sufficiently answered by us, who have not yet come to know and understand half of that which he hath done for his people. 1 Cor. 2:9, But as it is written, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him. 1 John 3:1-2, Behold, what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called the sons of God: therefore the world knoweth us not, because it knew him not. Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear what we shall be; but we know, that when he shall appear, we shall be like him: for we shall see him as he is. Yet let us glance at it by that dim light which we have of the Scriptures. It is in general called by himself the work which his Father gave him to do, John 17:4. By which we understand, all that Christ had in commission to do in our nature, from the time of his receiving a commission to be the Mediator of the Covenant, unto the time of his delivering up the Kingdom to his Father; more particularly, this Service which Christ did in the business of the Covenant, it's called the restitution of all things, Acts 3:21. When Christ shall bring all things out of that disordered and ruined condition whereunto they were brought by the fall of man, and shall restore them to the Primitive integrity; when he shall restore fore-faulted man into his first estate of innocency and happiness, by taking of the forfeiture, and bringing him out of his excommunicated exiled condition, into the presence and fellowship of God. Eph. 2:12-13, That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenant of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world. But now in Christ Jesus, ye who sometimes were afar off, art made nigh by the blood of Christ. And when the creatures shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption, into the glorious liberty of the sons of God, Rom. 8:21. This Service is called, the bearing the transgressions of many, the making his soul an offering for sin, Isa. 53:10, 12. It was the putting his Soul in our soul's stead; that the law might overtake him, that justice might smite him for us, and might take satisfaction from him, for the broken Covenant; it was the offering up of himself in a Sacrifice; the putting of his Soul in the flame of hot burning wrath for us, that the furbished and wakened-up sword of Divine Justice might be bathed in his blood, until it was full of blood, and satisfied. Heb. 9:14, How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit, offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God. Zech. 13:7, Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts: smite the shepherd, etc. It's called, the reconciling of the world to God, 2 Cor. 5:19. By which we understand, all the travail of his Soul, in the pro-pounding, treating, and concluding of a peace 'twixt God and sinners: for all that Service was laid upon him, and was performed by him: for he maketh the proportion of peace, he carrieth on the treaty, until his own hand led our hand to sign the articles of peace propounded in the Gospel. Eph. 2:17, And came and preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were nigh. 2 Cor. 5:19-20, To wit, that God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them: and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation. 2 Cor. 9:13, Whiles by the experiment of this ministration, they glorify God for your professed subjection un-to the gospel of Christ. This Service is called the saving of the lost world, Luke 19:10. And the bringing many sons to glory, Heb. 2:10. That was a great Service indeed, to have the weight of the lost world upon his shoulders; to have the keeping and leading, yea, the bearing in his arms of all that numberless number of the ransomed and redeemed ones, whom God had appointed unto Glory. John 17:12, While I was with them in the world, I kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest me, I have kept and none of them is lost. Isa. 40:11, He shall feed his flock like a shepherd: he shall gather the lambs with his arm, and carry them in his bosom, and shall gently lead those that are with young. In a word, the Service which Christ did in the business of the Covenant, was the transacting of the Covenant; he did all that business from beginning to end; and without him was nothing done of all things pertaining to God, and a new Covenant betwixt him and us.

 

October 9

     His Service of love is much commended,

     1. From the infinite condescension that was in it. O what condescension was it for a Son to become a Servant! Heb. 5:8, Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered: for the Son, the only begotten Son and Heir, to become a Servant! Matt. 21:37-38, But last of all, he sent unto them his son, saying, They will reverence my son. But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir, come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance. For the Son of God to become a Servant to the sons of men! Phil. 2:6-7, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: but made himself of no reputation: And took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men.

     2. From the voluntariness of his coming under this Covenant-relation; when he was not a Servant by any necessity of nature, that he made himself one. That when nothing else was to do it, his grace, his love determined him to go and serve his enemies, and make himself of no reputation, Phil. 2:7. Rom. 5:8, But God commended his love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Heb. O what strange love was that, which made Christ so willingly leave the Throne, and come down to the footstool, and stand and serve! Matt. 20:28, Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many. John 13:4-5, He riseth from supper, and laid aside his garments, and took a towel, and girded himself. After that, he poureth water into a bason, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith he was girded.

     3. His Service of love is commended, from the lowness of the wager and price which he is to have for his Service and love. Was man a crown and wager for Christ to work and to run for, that he might win it? how great a disproportion is there betwixt the Service and the Wages? Can poor polluted nothings, such as we are, be a price for such Love, for such Service, for such transcendent infinite Love? and yet such was the wager for which he served. John 13:1, Having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end.

     4. His Service is commended from the largeness of his design of Love, through which he did drive the serving of this Service; that God, the Son of God, did drive this piece of Service through so deep, and broad, and long a design of transcendent love, from everlasting to everlasting, through so many decrees, which at last could produce nothing in the result, but this price: To have his poor people engaged to him by a Covenant; whereas we might think a lower design might compass sinners, and a less price might buy poor man. Jer. 31:3, The Lord hath appeared of old unto me, saying, Yea, I have loved thee with an everlasting love: therefore with loving-kindness have I drawn thee. 1 John 3:1, Behold what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called the sons of God: therefore the world knoweth us not, because it knew him not.

     5. His Service is commended for his performing of it, and doing his work so long before he was to reap that low price of all the travail of his Soul, to wit, the enjoyment of his people. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. He served long ago for that wager which is not yet paid to him; and he knew when he served that Service, that he should lie so long out of a great part of his satisfaction. John 17:20, Neither pray I for these alone, but for them also which shall believe on me through their word.

 

October 10

     This Covenant-relation speaks sad things to them who will not serve Christ.

     1. Woe to them that will not serve him, who refuse a consent of their Service to him, who made himself a Servant for our sake. Luke 19:14, But his citizens hated him and sent a message after him, saying, We will not have this man to reign over us. We love to be Lords over our own liberty and wills, and to break his bands.

     2. Woe to them that think shame to serve him. There is a generation that think it is below them to serve Christ. They judge his Service is not honorable, though he was not ashamed to serve us. Luke 22:27, For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? is not he that sitteth at meat? but I am among you as he that serveth. Heb. 2:11, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified are all of one, for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren. And though it be no shame, but honorable to serve him. Psal. 116:16, O Lord, truly I am thy servant, I am thy servant and the son of thine handmaid: thou hast loosed my bonds. Psal. 84:10, For a day in thy courts is better than a thousand: I had rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God than to dwell in the tents of wickedness.

     3. Woe to them that pretend to serve him, and do nothing but eyeservice in his work; though he was real and cordial in serving our Interest, for his Soul travailed in the business; but the spirits of such act nothing in his Service. Eph. 6:6, Not with eyeservice, as men-pleasers, but as the servants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart. Isa. 29:13, Wherefore the Lord said, Forasmuch as this people draw near me with their mouth, and with their lips do honour me, but hath removed their heart from me, and their fear toward me is taught by the precepts of men, etc.

 

October 11

     O Consider with yourselves,

     1. What pride there is in refusing to serve him, whose Service is so honorable an employment, that it is not below the kings of the earth to bring their glory unto Christ, and to bow before him. Psal. 2:10-12, Be wise now therefore, O ye kings: be instructed, ye judges of the earth. Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice with trembling. Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little, Psal. 54 throughout. Who would not bow to him, who shall break them all that will not bow unto him? Isa. 60:12, For the nation and kingdom that will not serve thee, shall perish; yea, those nations shall be utterly wasted. Psal. 2:9, Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron, thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel. Psal. 110:5, The Lord at thy right hand, shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath.

     2. Consider what huge and monstrous ingratitude, and unkindness it is, not to serve him who hath voluntarily humbled himself to serve us; who though he was our maker, Heb. 1:2-3, yet made himself of no reputation for our advancement, Phil. 2:7. Consider how he hath commended his Service unto us, and be ashamed not to be found among his servants and followers.

 

October 12

     1. Consider and know what he hath done in this Covenant-relation, after he hath served this Service, and done all that was incumbent to him in this relation: he may put the question to us, which sometimes he put to his Disciples, John 13:12, Know ye what I have done to you? 'Tis a pity that his Service is so little known and taken notice of among his own people, for whom he hath done this Service. 'Tis a pity that it should be met with doubtings, whether he hath done Service  for us; or denials of our interest in it: which occasion diminutive thoughts and expressions of it.

     2. Consider how ill Christ was used in this relation, that you may be broken for it. He was smitten by both the parties, It pleased the Lord to bruise him, Isa. 53:10. Rom. 8:32, He spared not his own Son. And his own people smote him, and used him very ill. Matt. 21:38, But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir, come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance. John 1:11, He came unto his own and his own received him not. Yet his love did bear him through all this cold encouragement.

     3. Consider how you entertain his Service. 2 Cor. 6:1, We then, as workers together with him, beseech you also, that ye receive not the grace of God in vain. Do not slight it; do not refuse it upon whatsoever pretext; but if he will do you Service, and condescend to do you good, suffer him to do it. 'Tis no presumption to let him take his will of you; he took it ill to be otherwise dealt with. John 13:6, 8, And Peter saith unto him, Lord, dost thou wash my feet?....Peter saith unto him, Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with me. And no wonder he take it very ill, to have his Service slighted and refused; for his Service is the height of his love, which he cannot endure to have slighted. His Service offered, is slighted by all those who will not give their consent to let him do unto them all the good offices which are men-tioned in the Gospel by all who do not subject their consent unto it. John 5:40, And ye will not come to me that ye might have life. Matt. 22:5, But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise.

     4. Consider what advantages we have by his Service:

       (a) His condescension was the cause of our exaltation. If he had not served, we had not reigned. If he had not come down to the footstool, we should never have come up to the Throne. Heb. 5:8-9, Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered: and being made perfect, he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him.

       (b) It was the hardship of his Service which makes ours so easy; he left us little to do. When he was made under the law, he did bear away the bondage of our Service and Duties. Rom. 7:4, Wherefore my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ, that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit unto God. He did bear the hard and insupportable yoke, and left us nothing to do, but to serve for love. He broke the force and power of the adversary, and left us only a broken party and routed forces to deal with. 1 Cor. 15:55, O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory? Yea, he hath not left us alone to deal with these.

       (c) By his Service we have our liberty; and can be no more servants, but friends and children of the house. See Gal. 4:4-7, But when the fulness of time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying Abba, Father: wherefore thou art no more a servant but a son: and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ. John 15:15, Henceforth I call you not servants, for the servant knoweth not what his Lord doth; but I have called you friends: for all things that I have heard of my Father, I have made known unto you. Rom. 8:2, For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death. We were slaves, and condemned under perpetual bondage, married unto an angry tyrant (so was the law become to transgressors). But by his becoming a Servant under the law, by his putting on our condition, we became sharers of his liberty and Sonship.

       (d) By his Service we have wages and a reward for our Service, even for our poor worthless endeavors after duty, about which there are so many questionings in the hearts of believers, whether they shall be accepted, and but few thoughts of a recompense. I say, our Service could never have been rewarded but for his Service: this brought with it not acceptation only, but a reward to ours, upon his account, being done in his name. Heb. 11:6, And that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him. Isa. 45:19, I told not unto the seed of Jacob, Seek ye me in vain.            

        (e) By his Service we have that honorable marriage with him which was the price of the travail of his Soul, even to have our souls engaged to him for the Service of love which he served, that he might have his people for his reward, as Jacob served for the wives that were given him in Laban his house, Gen. 29:20, 28-29. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied.

     5. Consider what this relation calleth for at our hands: That Christ was a Servant in the business of the Covenant, this calleth us,

       (a) To yield ourselves to be his servants upon the terms of that Covenant wherein he served, even to subject our consent to serve him in like relations. 2 Cor. 9:13, Whiles by the experiment of this ministration, they glorified God for your professed subjection unto the gospel of Christ. 2 Chron. 30:8, Now be ye not stiffnecked, as your fathers were; but yield yourselves unto the Lord.

       (b) His Service calleth us to serve all his interests and relations, his people, especially the people who are nearly related to him. Matt. 12:49-50, And he stretched forth his hand toward his disciples, and said, Behold, my mother, and my brethren: for whosoever shall do the will of my Father which is in heaven, the same is my brother, and sister, and mother.

       (c) To serve him in that Covenant-relation, in such manner as he served us, or rather our interests; and that was,

           (1) Willingly and cheerfully: For so did he undertake and undergo that Service. Heb. 10:7, Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.

Luke 22:15, And he said unto them, With desire have I desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer. Let our Service to him be such, Psal. 2:11, Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice with trembling.         

            (2) He served cordially, his Soul travailed in the business. John 12:27, Now is my soul troubled, and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour: but for this cause I came unto this hour. Let your Service to him be such, that your hearts may be yoked, and your spirits may act something in serving him. Rom. 1:9, For God is my witness, whom I serve  with my spirit in the gospel of his Son. Phil. 3:3, For we are the circumcision, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus.

           (3) He served with much submission of his will to his Father's in all things. Heb. 5:8, Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered. John 4:34, Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work. Let us do  Service to him with like submission of spirit.

           (4) He served faithfully: for in all questions and debates that occurred while he was here in the form of a Servant, he was always for his Father, true to his interest. Heb. 3:2, Who was faithful to him that appointed him. John 8:28, 38, Then said Jesus unto them, When ye have lift up the Son of man, then shall ye know that I am he, and that I do nothing of myself, but as my Father hath taught me, I speak these things.....I speak that which I have seen with my Father: and ye do that which ye have seen with your father. Let us be sure to serve him so, in all questions and sides in these days, to be ever for him, and his interests, and upon his side. 1 Kings 22:14, And Micaiah said, As the Lord liveth, what the Lord saith unto me, that will I speak. Heb. 3:2, As also Moses was faithful in all his house.

           (5) He performed his Service prudently, Isa. 52:13, Behold, my servant shall deal prudently, he shall be exalted, and extolled, and be very high. He did all things for promoting the business that was committed unto him, with admirable wisdom and discretion: so is there also a wisdom with fidelity to be studied in serving his interests, that we do not mar the end of our Service. Matt. 24:45, Who then is a faithful and wise servant, whom his Lord hath made ruler over his household, to give them meat in due season? Matt. 10:16, Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. Mark 9:50, Have salt in yourselves, and have peace one with another.

 

October 13

     He is Surety of the Covenant: so he is expressly called. Heb. 7:22, Jesus was made surety of a better testament

     The law cannot force and compel any man to be Surety for another, though it may constrain him for his own Debt. Christ's Suretiship was a most free voluntary act on his part: for he was not under any obligation of law, nor under any necessity of nature, to put his name in our bond, or to satisfy for our Debt. John 10:18, No man taketh it (my life) from me, but I lay it down of myself: I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again: this commandment have I received of my Father.

 

October 14

     1. It imports not only a voluntary obligation for another person, but also union of parties, and assumption of the condition of that person in the law's sense, so that the Surety and the Debtor are but one party in the law. Christ by his Suretiship, he did not only take our nature upon him, but he took our condition upon him. It's said of him, that he was made under the law, Gal. 4:4. He put his name in our bond, that the law might reach him for our Debt.

     2. It imports a communion betwixt the Debtor and the Cautioner, whereby as the Debt of the principal Debtor becometh the Debt of the Surety, and affecteth him; so also the satisfaction and payment of the Surety, and his discharge and relief, becometh the satisfaction, discharge and relief of the principal Debtor. Christ's Suretiship imports, not only an union of parties, and conjunction of interests and condition with his people, but also a communion with debtful broken man, resulting from his bond of Suretiship, whereby as upon the one part our Debt became his entirely, so upon the other part his satisfaction and discharge becomes ours. 2 Cor. 5:21, For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree.

     3. It imports a commutation, surrogation, or substituting of one in the room of another; and so Christ was substitute in our stead and room, as Judah was in Benjamin's. 1 Pet. 2:21, Because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that ye should follow his steps. Gen. 44:33, Now therefore I pray thee, Let thy servant abide instead of the lad, a bondman to my lord, and let the lad go up with his brethren.

     4. It imports a conjunct obligation, both of the Surety and of the Debtor to the Creditor. So Christ's Suretiship is not a binding of himself, and loosing of his people from all obligation; but still the Debt lieth on the sinner, till Christ make actual satisfaction for it, and till he apply the satisfaction, and report a relief to the poor creature. And in other parts of the obligement, Christ and the believer stand both under a conjunct obligation for the believer's duty, that the broken man who was bought from the hands of Justice, shall serve for love all his days. Rom. 3:31, Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid: yea, we establish the law. Luke 1:74, That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hands of our enemies, might serve him without fear.

 

October 15

     Suretiship in the nature of it imports either irresponsibleness in the Debtor, or distrustfulness betwixt the Creditor and Debtor: or it imports both. Sure however it be in other cases, there is in this case where Christ's Suretiship intervenes, both an irresponsibleness on the one part, broken man not being solvendo, able to pay his Debt; and there is a distrustfulness betwixt the parties: God deservedly distrusting impotent perfidious man, a bankrupt creature, who had broken his Covenant. And man cautiously distrusting God, till Christ's Suretiship intervened, to take away both these evils, which kept the parties at distance. Heb. 8:7, For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second.

 

October 16

     Our Lord Jesus was a Surety, both for a particular debt and obligation, to satisfy the violated Law and Covenant of works. Rom. 10:4, For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness, to every one that believeth. Such a particular Surety was Judah, Gen. 43:9 and 44:32. Christ was also such a Surety as this last sort, who took upon him the Debt, and all that could follow upon the broken man's obligation; who said unto God, that he did become good for his people, for all the Debt which they owed, and for all the penalties which they had incurred; let all that might follow them, by virtue of their obligation, be upon him, Heb. 10:5, 10.   

 

October 17

     He did give himself, his own blessed person, to the prison and to justice, as a pledge and hostage to God, for the fulfilling of this Covenant; a precious and worthy pledge to lie Surety for the Debt of all his broken people. Isa. 53:8, 12, He was taken from prison, and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living, for the transgression of my people was he stricken.....Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong: because he hath poured out his soul unto death. Gen. 44:33, Now therefore I pray thee, let thy servant abide instead of the lad, a bondman to my Lord, and let the lad go up with his brethren.

 

October 18

     A Surety is either,

     1. A Surety for Debt, Prov. 22:26, Be not thou one of them that strike hands, or of them that are sureties for Debts. Or,

     2. A Surety for persons, to wit, for their safety and indemnity. Gen. 44:32, For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying, If I bring him not unto thee, then I shall bear the blame unto my father for ever. Or for their good behavior, or for their appearing. Or,

     3. A Surety for performance, to wit, of conditions and stipulations, such are commonly hostages in war. Isa. 36:8, Now therefore give pledges, I pray thee, to my master the king of Assyria.

 

October 19

     1. He was Surety for your Debt, to satisfy for that, for all your Debts and Trespasses. Isa. 53:6, And the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.

     2. He became Surety for your persons, for your indemnity, that none of you should be lost; and not for the indemnity of your persons only, but for the appearing of your persons, that he should present you to God at the time appointed. John 17:12, While I was with them in the world, l kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest me, I have kept, and none of them is lost, but the son of perdition: that the scriptures might be fulfilled. He was bail for his people.

     3. He became Surety, for performance of the stipulation, and all the conditions of the Covenant upon both sides. John 17:4, 6, I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do.....I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world: thine they were, and thou gavest them me; and they have kept thy word.

 

October 20

     1. Man as he is considered in the second Covenant, hath as much need of a Surety as of a Saviour; hath equal need of one to beget a confidence betwixt God and him, as of one to help him. Heb. 8:7, For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second. He being not only a broken creature, and irresponsible; who having ban-quered out, with the stock which his Lord committed to him, did merit to be no more trusted by him; and who had also with the loss of his stock of Grace, put himself in a desperate condition, having sinned away all power and possibility of paying his Debt, and satisfying his Lord; who also had begotten a mutual diffidence and distrust betwixt his Lord and him, that there could henceforth be no more dealing with expectation of trust and performance, until a Surety intervened to make up this breach by his undertaking.

     2. Christ's Suretiship was not only a voluntary act, it was also an act of absolute Sovereignty. He being an absolute Lord, this was his privilege, that he had power over himself and over his own life, to lay it down at his pleasure, (which others may not do); take this Assertion from his own mouth. John 10:18, I have power to lay down my life. This Christ had by concession and grant from God his Father who had given him power over all flesh, John 17:2. And this he had in and from himself; being God, he had power over himself as man, to dispose of his manhood as pleased him; and these two concurring Christ's consent, and his power over his own life, did make it lawful and just that he should be punished; being innocent. 1 Pet. 3:18, For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God.

     3. When man was in this broken condition, Christ unrequested, did undertake for the broken creature, to pay his Debt, and to satisfy the Creditor. Rom. 5:8, But God commended his love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. And this he did not by any request of ours, or any Covenant with us, to undertake for us, whereby we did solicit him or compact with him to be Surety for us, but because the Lord the Creditor, and Christ the Cautioner, had long before stricken hands together, that he should both undertake and discharge the Debt of these broken men. Therefore it's said, that God laid our iniquities upon him, Isa. 53:5-6. And he was made a surety, Heb. 7:22.

     4. Christ the Surety of the new testament died, not only for our good and profit, but he died also in our stead and room.

     5. Christ the Surety, and broken man the Debtor, are one in law, but not intrinsically one

       (a) They are legally one, or in the law's sense one; because by a legal substitution and surrogation, Christ having put his name in the believer's bond, by the law he is in his place, and the believer is put in Christ's law-place: so that by a legal act the Surety is the broken man. Therefore Christ being made Surety, saith, I am the broken man; all my friend's Debts be upon me, my life for their life, my Soul for their souls. Gal. 4:4-5, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. And God commands the wakened-up sword of Justice, to smite him for his brethren, since he will stand in their room, and take their Debt upon him. Zech. 13:7, Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts: smite the shepherd.

       (b) I say, The Surety and the Debtor are not intrinsically, physically and formally one (though they be one in law; so that there is not two Debts, nor two Bonds, nor two Debtors in law). For though the Lord laid on Christ the punishment of our iniquity, yet he did not lay on Christ iniquity itself, for the broken Debtor is a sinful creature, and continueth such even after the punishment due to him, is removed by a satisfying Surety. But Christ the Surety was in this respect separate from sinners, Heb. 7:26, and was not one with them. 1 Pet. 3:18, For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God. Isa. 53:9, And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death, because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. 

 

October 21

    Though physically the Surety and Debtor be two different men: yet,

     1. They are one and the same legal party, and the same object of justice: whoso in law pursues the Surety, pursues the Debtor.

     2. The Debt and sum is one: not two Debts, not two punishments, not two lives to lose, but one.

     3. It's one and the same satisfaction. There cannot in justice and law, another reckoning and satisfaction come after the Surety hath paid.

     4. There is one and the same acceptation, upon the Creditor's part. If he accept of satisfaction from the Surety, he cannot pursue the Debtor, but must look upon him as no Debtor, for satisfaction to justice.

     5. It is one and the same legal effect, Christ risen and justified in the Spirit, 1 Tim. 3:16, and we in him, as the meritorious cause of our justification, are legally justified, Rom. 4:25, Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.

 

October 22

     Neither the Creditor nor the Law can exact satisfaction from both the Surety and the Debtor; but the Surety having paid all, and satisfied; the broken Debtor can say, I have paid all, I am free. He may plead, My friend and Surety hath done all for me; and that is as good in the court of Justice, as if I had paid all in mine own person. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us. The Debt that Christ paid, is our very Debt; and the believer can say, When Christ my Surety was judged and crucified for my sins, then was I judged: and what would you have more of a man, than his life? Isa. 53:6-8, And the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. He was oppressed, he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he was taken from prison, and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken.

 

October 23

     Christ's Suretiship was a mixture of justice and grace: for thereby there was a satisfaction made to justice for the violation of the law; yet so as God was pleased to dispense with his own law which was peremptory, Gen. 2:17. For though it was just that the law should have a satisfaction, yet it was of Grace that God was content to accept that satisfaction which the law required, from the person of another, than the same soul that sinned.

 

October 24

     It was a noble act of Grace and favor on his part; it was like a man's laying down his life for the safety of his kindred, and of his country. He was given as a hostage, who did engage his life for the performance of the conditions agreed upon, for saving the lost world.

 

October 25

     All Christ's offices are founded upon his Suretiship: for by that Covenant of Suretiship that is betwixt Jehovah and the Son, he is King, Priest, and Prophet. Whatsoever he did by office, and by compact and agreement with God; he did because he had put his name in our bond, having become Surety for his people. As a King he suffers for his subjects and saves them, because he was engaged to do so; as a Priest he dies for them, because by his Suretiship he was engaged to bear their punishment; he performs also a Prophet's office towards them, because he was engaged to God to do so, etc. John 17:4, 6, I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do....I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world. And if that had not not been for his engagement as a Surety,we should never had the fruit of any of his office.

 

October 26

     He was made surety, God made him Surety, his Father made him, and he made himself the Surety. He was willingly made Surety by his own free consent and Covenant. The Scriptures speak frequently of his consent, and of the making of himself, whatsoever his Father made him. Phil. 2:7-8, He made himself of no reputation, etc., and he humbled himself. John 10:18, No man taketh my life from me, but I lay it down myself. I say, on Christ's part this doth import,

     1. His eternal condescending to empty himself, and to take on him our nature, and our room, and place, under the Law. He was made surety, he condescended, and agreed to take upon him both our nature and our condition. Phil. 2:6-7, Who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: but made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men.

     2. His engaging and plighting his faith and truth to perform whatsoever he did condescend and agree unto by his act of Suretiship, so that whatsoever the Law could exact of us, he plighted his faith to fulfill that: he was made surety, i.e. He did promise and strike hands to satisfy all that the Law could demand of his people to make satisfaction for the sins done against or under the first Covenant and testament. Heb. 9:15, And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.

     3. His performance of all these things unto which he did agree, and for which he plighted his faith, by his act of Suretiship: he was made the Surety, i. e. He paid the debt, he satisfied the Law, he stood in the place of the broken men, till Justice said, It is enough: and till he himself said, It is finished. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us. Thus did Jesus the Surety of the better testament.

 

October 27

     1. From Christ's Suretiship ariseth a natural relation betwixt him and us, that he is our kinsman, and our brother, of the same nature, of the same flesh and blood with us: this resulteth from his Suretiship, whereby he condescended and agreed to take our nature upon him: for otherwise he and we had never been of the same lump. Heb. 2:11, 14, 16, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified, are all of one: for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren…..Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same…..For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham.

     2. From his Suretiship flows a Legal relation betwixt Christ and us, that he and we are one party in the Law: that his satisfaction and payment is ours, and that our debt is his: that what he did and suffered, we did it Legally in him. This proceeds from his Suretiship, because when he was made Surety of the Covenant, he put himself in the bond and writ of the Law, and put in our names in the Gospel-writ. Gal. 2:20, I am crucified with Christ. Nevertheless, I live, yet not I, but Christ liveth in me.

     3. From Christ's Suretiship, proceeds a foederal relation betwixt him and his people, whereby they are his, and he is theirs by Covenant; whereby he and his people have one God and Father by Covenant. Psal. 89:26, He shall cry unto me, Thou art my father, my God, and the rock of my salvation. John 20:17, But go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father: and to my God, and your God.

     4. From his Suretiship proceeds a mystical relation betwixt him and his people, whereby he is the head, and they are the members: he is the vine, and they the branches: he is the king, and they are his subjects: he is the husband, and they are his bride and wife. 1 Cor. 12:12, For as the body is one, and hath many members, and all the members of that one body, being many, are one body, so also is Christ. Rev. 19:7, For the marriage of the Lamb is come, and his wife hath made herself ready. Yea, if any relation can be more near and mystical, that also is the result of his Suretiship. Think it not strange then that Justice should smite Christ for the transgressions of his people, there being such nearness of relations, and conjunction betwixt the person offending and the person suffering: for even among men we find one man suffering for another, upon the account of these and the like relations:

       (a) Upon natural relations: do not parents, and children, and kinsmen, often justly suffer with and for one another?

       (b) Upon Legal relations: doth not the husband pay the wife's debt? doth not the heir suffer for his predecessor, and the person to whom he is heir? doth not the hostage and pledges given, suffer for them who gave them? doth not the Surety suffer for the Debtor, because these are but one party in law? Prov. 6:1-2, My son, if thou be surety for thy friend, if thou hast stricken thy hand with a stranger, thou art snared with the words of thy mouth, thou art taken with the words of thy mouth.

     5. Upon foederal relations: do not people suffer for and in their confederates? Ezek. 16:37, Behold, therefore I will gather all thy lovers, with whom thou hast taken pleasure, and all them that thou hast loved, with all them that thou hast hated: I will even gather them round about against thee, and will discover thy nakedness unto them, that they may see all thy nakedness. Ezek. 30:8, And they shall know that I am the Lord, when I have set a fire in Egypt, and when all her helpers shall be destroyed.

     6. Upon mystical relations, whether in the body natural, doth not one member suffer for another? doth not the head pay for what the hand acted? or in the body politic, and civil: do not princes and people often suffer for one another? Or in the Church and body politic and Ecclesiastical: do not pastors and people often suffer for one another? How much more may it stand with justice to smite Christ, and to put him to suffer for his people, having in him a complication of all these relations towards them, and of all kind of relations that can import and express nearness, conjunction, union, and oneness with them; he also being willing to suffer for his people, and absolute Lord of his own life. John 10:17-18, Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again. No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father.

 

October 28

     1. It was grace and favor in God, that he was pleased to dispense so far with his own Law, as to admit of satisfaction by a Surety, and not to stand upon the rigor thereof, which requires that the same soul that sinned might suffer and die, and no other for him. It is grace, that the same soul that sinned dieth not, but another: and yet more grace, that every soul that sinneth, dieth not, but one for many, one for all the elect world. Matt. 20:28, And to give his life a ransom for many.

     2. This was grace in God, that he did not only admit this way of satisfaction, but himself did find it out. The finding out of a way of satisfaction to justice, without the eternal punishment of the sinner, this was God's act, and this was one act of special grace: for it was not only above the reach of men and angels, but also before their being. 1 Cor. 2:7-8, But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom which God ordained before the world, unto our glory: Which none of the princes of this world knew.    

     3. This was pure grace in God, that he did design, provide, and foresee a Surety and satisfaction for us, before we became broken men, and needed one; that he designed a Physician before we were sick.

     4. This was grace, even singular grace in God, that he neither did admit of this way of satisfaction for the sin of angels, nor did he find it out for them, but unto men only did he indulge this dispensation. There was no relaxation of the rigor of the law toward them; but a strict execution of justice upon them.

     5. It was unspeakable grace in God, that having admitted of such a way of satisfaction, he should put his own Son upon the work, and make him the Surety, who should make satisfaction unto the justice of God, by giving his life a ransom for us. Such an act of grace as this hath not been heard of. Rom. 5:8, But God commended his love towards us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.

     6. It is grace in God, that when he hath found out this way of satisfaction, and is content to admit of it, and hath put his Son upon the work, that he should be at the pains to reveal to us Christ's Surety-righteousness, and to apply it unto us, without which the satisfaction of the Surety could not avail us. And what else can it be but grace in God, that maketh the satisfaction of Christ effectual to one, and not to another, who hath also heard of this way of satisfying justice? Eph. 2:8, For by grace are ye saved through faith, and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God. And upon this account it is, that justification and remission of sins are called free, notwithstanding the satisfaction of Christ; that the wonderful riches of God's free grace might shine in the Suretiship of Christ. Isa. 43:25, I, even I am he that blotteth out thy transgressions for my own sake, and will not remember thy sins.

 

October 29

     Christ is a Surety for his people, in his state, and in his actions: that is,

     1. In whatsoever state and condition Christ was, in that state and condition he doth sustain our persons, and is surrogate in our place and condition, when he was in a state of humiliation here, upon the earth, in that low condition, he did sustain the persons, and bear and represent the state and condition of his poor broken people. He was surrogated a Surety to sustain their Legal state, or the state wherein they are by the violation of the Law and Covenant of works. Rom. 8:3, For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh. Again, in his exaltation, Christ doth sustain the persons, and represent the condition of the elect, unto the which they are advanced by the Covenant through him: and therefore the Scripture holds him forth in his resurrection and ascension, etc., as representing the state of the elect. He is in heaven this day, saith the Scripture, for us, sustaining our state, and glorified condition, till we come there; taking possession of our inheritance, unto which he hath acquired for us a right. Heb. 6:20, Whither the forerunner is for us entered, even Jesus.

     2. In his actions, he acted our parts, especially in what he did, or in what befell him here upon the earth: for it was his end of coming down into this world to act our parts; and to have acted upon him, what should have been done to us. He died as our Surety, and he arose as our Surety. Justice smote him as our Surety, he was taken into prison, and to judgment, and was condemned as our Surety, being numbered among transgressors; and again, he was taken from the prison and judgment, as our Surety, being justified when he paid the Debt; and by virtue of that communion which we had with him in all these actions of his, he being our Surety, and sustaining our Law-place and room, by a just law, these things are reckoned unto our account, whose persons he sustained, and whose parts he acted. 1 Pet. 3:18, For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God.

 

October 30

     Christ was a Surety on earth, and he is a Surety still in Heaven: Christ is as well a Surety in his intercession, as he was in his death; for beside all that Christ did upon earth for discharging his undertaking unto God for his people, he stands yet engaged in Heaven as an undertaker for them, and shall not be acquitted of all his engagements, until he have brought all the elect company, as there as he came himself. John 17:24, Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am, that they may behold my glory which thou hast given me: for thou lovedst me before the foundation of the world. Therefore the Apostle, Heb. 7:22, By so much was Jesus made surety of a better testament. After he hath made mention of the Suretiship of Christ, he instanceth in his intercession and continuing a Priest forever, verses 23-25. Showing, that because he is engaged as a Surety, therefore he intercedes to save to the utmost.

 

October 31

     Consider, that as his soul and his life was at the stake, and was pawned for that part of his Suretiship that was to be performed on earth, to wit, the paying of a price to Justice: so his honor lies yet at the stake and in pawn for that part of his engagement which is to be performed in heaven by his intercession. So that as it behooved him to have lain in prison for ever, and the soul to have been left in the grave, unless he had paid his Debt, and made satisfaction to Justice, his soul being in our soul's stead as a Surety, so his honor (I say) lieth still at the stake for all his people's complete Salvation: insomuch that Heaven cannot hold him if he bring not them there. He shall not have the glory of a perfected Saviour and Surety, if he perform not his engagement to save them to the utmost, yea, he must quit heaven if he bring not his people thither, for whom he undertook. See John 6:57, As the living Father hath sent me, and I live by the Father: so he that eateth me, even he shall live by me. John 17:1, 4, 12, 24, Glorify thy Son, that thy Son also may glorify thee…..I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do…..While I was with them in the world, I kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest me, I have kept, and  none of them is lost, but the son of perdition, that the scripture might be ful-filled....Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am, that they may behold my glory which thou hast given me: for thou lovedst me before the foundation of the world.

 

November 1

     Christ as Surety stands engaged for the perseverance of the weak believer, that his faith shall not fail; but that he shall endure unto the end, Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. John 17:12, While I was with them in the world, I kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest me I have kept, and none of them is lost.

 

November 2

     Since the Father hath given them into his hands, he hath engaged to lose none of them: he is acted a cautioner to make a good account of all that company; that however he set them a warfare, and although he lead them on, and engage them against strong adversaries, and through manifold temptations, although he show his people hard things, yet he shall bring them off safe, and bear them through, so that he may say he hath lost none of them, John 17:12. But is a captain of salvation to them all, Heb 2:10. Psal. 66:12, Thou hast caused men to ride over our heads: we went through fire, and through water; but thou broughtest us out into a wealthy place. Such a Surety was Judah for little Benjamin, Gen. 43:9.

 

November 3

     He is Surety for the good behavior of all those whom he hath reconciled unto God: for having made our peace with God, he is Surety that we shall keep the peace: that howsoever we may fail in many things, yet his people being once reconciled to God, and pardoned their disloyalty, they shall never break forth in open rebellion again: they shall never take up the arms again of enmity against God, which once they laid down. Christ is Surety for his people's loyalty, and keeping their peace, treaties, and Covenant with God inviolable, Isa. 54:9-10.

 

November 4

     Christ is Surety for the appearing of his people before God, that he shall present them all at the day appointed, and not one of them shall be missing, who shall not give his appearance at that day. Col. 3:4, When Christ, who is our life shall appear, then shall ye also appear with him in glory.

 

November 5

     Christ is Surety for completing whatsoever concerns the Salvation of his people, and their redemption from those evils which remain with them, after that he hath fulfilled and satisfied the Law for them, and hath also procured obedience to the Gospel in them. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

 

November 6

     1. This commendeth Christ's Suretiship, that he rendered himself Surety, and came under an act of cautionary for his people, before they needed a cautioner: that upon the foreknowedge of this, that it was to come to pass that man should become a broken creature, and needing one to undertake for him, he by an eternal transaction and agreement with his Father, did so early provide this remedy, before man was broken and stood in need of a Surety. Prov. 8:23, I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was.

     2. This commendeth Christ's Suretiship, that he came under this relation so freely, unrequested, and undesired, according to his own heart: he acted himself cautioner for us, when there was none of the creatures once to hint such a motion: that in the day when there was none found to help, nor so much as to think of laying help on him, then he freely offered himself, and said, Lo I come: take me Surety for these poor broken men.

     3. The exceeding great reach and danger of his undertaking doth commend his Suretiship, that he put his name in such a bond as he knew well should bring upon him the Debt of so many broken men, and should oblige him to make satisfaction for the sins of all the elect world. That he did knowingly put his soul in their soul's stead, that Justice might smite him, and that the same eternal punishment of sin, for kind, that was due to us, should be upon him. Zech. 13:7, Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts. The same sword of Divine Justice that should have smitten us, did smite him.

     4. This commendeth Christ's Suretiship, that he engaged for a party which deserved no pity, for man who had willingly forfeited a fair inheritance, when it was possible for him, and in his power to have performed the commands and conditions of life laid upon him, who would pity and undertake for such a person, who being put into a fair and free inheritance, with power to perform the conditions upon which he holds it, should notwithstanding forfeit his good estate, and run himself under debt irrecoverably? Yet in this condition Christ pitied us, and undertook for us. Rom 5:6-8, For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly, for scarcely for a righteous man will one die: yet peradventure for a good man some will even dare to die: But God commended his love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners Christ died for us.

     5. This commendeth Christ's Suretiship, that he engaged for the debt of a people from whom he could expect no satisfaction nor relief of all the debt which he paid for them, that so potent and responsible a party joined interests, with such impotent and irresponsible, broken creatures: how wonderfully doth this commend his Suretiship, that he came under an act of cautionary for such as we are, knowing us to be what we are, a people that shall never requite his kindness? yea, doing all this for us the rather, that we shall be eternally in his debt, and never able to recompense the satisfaction which he made for us. 2 Sam. 7:18, Then went king David in, and sat before the Lord, and he said, Who am I, O Lord God, and what is my house, that thou hast brought me hitherto, etc.!

    

November 7

     1. Among men, usually, Sureties and Debtors enter into one and the same bond with the Creditor. But here Christ's single bond lieth for all, our bond being of no value. Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty. Here Christ our Surety hath changed bonds and obligations with us, and putteth out our name, and putteth in his own name in the bloody bond of the Law, that the debt, satisfaction and curse may be upon him alone. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us. Isa. 53:5, But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and with his stripes we are healed. He said of his people, as Jacob's mother said to him, Gen. 27:13, Upon me be thy curse, my son: only obey my voice.

     2. Among men, the Creditor hath it in his choice which of the two he will seize upon, the Surety or the Debtor as he seeth it best for his satisfaction. But it is not so here; for the Lord the Creditor hath declared that he will take him to Christ for all: and hath determined that all the satisfaction shall be made by him. And Christ the Surety is content that it shall be so, and that the poor broken creature shall go free, and no execution of the bloody bond of the Law shall pass against him, he being a bankrupt creature, who hath obtained a liberation, as where there is cessio honorum. See Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty. Heb. 10:7, Then said I, Lo, I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God. Rom. 8:1, There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus. Isa. 53:6, And the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. You see how the Lord doth astrict himself to the satisfaction of the Surety for all the debt.

     3. Among men usually, the principal Debtor (as we call him) is first convened for the Debt, before the Surety be pursued; and it may seem just it should be so. But it is not so here; the curse of the Law, and the execution of the bond thereof, doth not first stick upon us, and then afterward upon Christ, to seek from him what it cannot find in us: but the Lord the Creditor having astricted himself to the cautioner (as I said before), the Law strikes first upon him, and can never come to strike against the believer, unless it should not find complete satisfaction in our Surety, which is impossible. Isa. 53:8, He was taken from prison, and from judgment: and who shall declare his genera-tion? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of his people was he stricken. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree.

     4. Among men, the Debtor is the principal Bondsman, and his obligation and bond is the principal obligation, and the Surety's obligation is but an accession to it, for strengthening the Security: but here the Surety is the principal Debtor, and by his bond of Suretiship he hath changed the nature of the believer's bond and obligation, and put his own name in it, so as he is become the principal Debtor. His Suretiship hath swallowed up the Debtor's obligation to satisfy Justice, the Surety being the head and husband of the poor broken Debtor. Rom. 7:4, Wherefore my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ, that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit unto God. And having changed the bond of satisfaction, and put out our name, and put in his own, whereby he hath transferred the Debt upon himself, as principal Debtor. Heb. 10:7, Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.

     5. Among men, there may be a misgiving of satisfaction to the Creditor, and of relief to the Debtor, through the contingent, emergent, possible irresponsibleness of the Surety, as the doc-tor's of the Law do sometimes put the case, and provide against it: so it was in Judah his case, when he became Surety for Benjamin's return, and could not perform it, Gen. 43:9. But here it is impossible that there can be a misgiving to the satisfaction of the Creditor, or in the relief of the poor Debtor, the Surety being a potent person, and exempted from all possibility of irrespon-sibleness; and incapacity to satisfy the Law, and to answer the charge thereof to the utmost. Being one who is mighty and able to save to the utmost, Psal. 89:19. Heb. 7:22, 25, By so much was Jesus made surety of a better testament.....Wherefore he is able to save them to the uttermost, that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

     6. Among men, usually the Surety's bond and engagement is for Debt already contracted at or before the time of the Surety's giving bond, and usually for particular sums specified. But Christ became Surety for his people's Debt before ever it was contracted and drawn on by them. Yea, he gave bond to satisfy the Law for all the Debt that should be at any time of all their days contracted and drawn on by them. So universal is his Suretiship, that it reacheth all possible, emergent transgressions of his people upon whatsoever occasion. Jer. 31:37, Thus saith the Lord, If heaven above be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, I will also cast off all the seed of Israel, for all that they have done, saith the Lord. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able to save them to the uttermost.

     7. Among men, the Surety being by a Legal substitution, the Debtor, the broken man; he pays the Debt, but doth not, yea, cannot take away the blot, evil, sin and injustice of the Debtor's breach of Covenant, of his borrowing, and not paying again. But still the Debtor, when the Law is satisfied, and the Debt paid, he remains the unjust man, carrying the blot of a person who vio-lated his Covenant, in borrowing, and not paying again. But Christ is a Surety who doth not only by paying the Debt remove the punishment due unto the Debtor for his injustice, but he removeth also the blot and the evil of sin, by infusing inherent righteousness and holiness, by expelling of sin out of its subject, and introducing the contrary form; to wit, the habit of grace, which no other Surety but he can do. Tit. 2:14, Who gave himself for us that he might redeem us from all iniquity, and purify unto himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works.

     8. Among men, the Surety hath repetition of the Debt paid; and whatsoever satisfaction he hath made to the Creditor, he is allowed repetition of that from the Debtor. But Jesus the Surety of this Covenant, hath no repetition of the satisfaction made by him for his people. Nay, he never intended nor demanded any such satisfaction to be made to him, by us, as he made to God for us. All the satisfaction desired by him from us, is to accept of his free discharge, and to thank him for it. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many: for he shall bear their iniquities. Who ever heard of such a Surety, who payeth Debt, and seeks no repetition of it, no restitution of his losses; but to thank him for it, and not to frustrate the grace of God which he intendeth to make conspicuous in his free gift of his own satisfaction? Gal. 2:20-21, And the life which I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me. I do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain.

     9. Among men, usually the broken Debtor's name stands still in the bond, even after the responsible Surety hath intervened. But here Jesus the Surety of the new Covenant, when he put in his own name, he puts out our names, that the Law might reach him, and might not at all reach us (except in so far as it is annexed to the new Covenant, and established in the hands of a Mediator, which hath no likeness to the old bloody bond). He wrote himself the sinner Legally, and wrote us the righteous persons. 2 Cor. 5:21, For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.

     10. Among men, the Surety hath a bond of relief from the Debtor, to keep him harmless of all that may follow upon his obligation and undertaking as Surety; but it is far otherwise in this Covenant: for here the Surety hath no bond of relief from the Debtor; but he hath a bond of relief from the Creditor. Christ had his Father's bond of relief to keep him harmless in that undertaking. He had, as it were, a back-bond, that he should not succumb in his undertaking, but that when he went into the prison, he should come out again with honor and victory, and so should be kept harmless from the hurt of the broken man's Debt. Psal. 16:10, For thou wilt not leave my soul in hell, neither wilt thou suffer thine holy one to see corruption.    

     11. Among men, usually the discharging and performance of the Surety's undertaking (how willing soever), is a burden. Sureties after striking hands with the Creditor, could willingly desire to be freed from the engagement. Prov. 6:1-2, My son, if thou be surety for thy friend, if thou hast stricken hands with a stranger, thou art snared with the words of thy mouth, thou art taken with the words of thy mouth. But it is not so in Christ's undertaking, who dischargeth his Suretiship as willingly and cheerfully as he undertook it. John 10:18, No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself: I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again: this commandment have I received of my Father. He did voluntarily fulfill his act of cautionary, and not through constraint of Law and Justice; yea, it was not accounted grievous to him, but was rather his satisfaction and delight thus to make the glory of his grace conspicuous. Isa. 53:11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied. Psal. 40:8, I delight to do thy will, O my God: yea, thy law is within my heart.

 

November 8

     By Christ's Suretiship we have our exemption and liberation from the Law, and the hand of Justice: our divorcement from the Law and Covenant of works as a husband, in which respect it is now dead and extinct (though it live for other ends and uses). Rom. 7:4, Wherefore my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ, that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead; that we should bring forth fruit unto God. So that now the believer cannot be pursued at Law: or if pursued, cannot be made to undergo the sentence of the Law, Justice being satisfied by a Surety. Gal. 3:13, Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us. In a word, we owe to Christ's Suretiship our delivery from the sentence, from the pursuit, from the Covenant, from the terror, from the rigor, from the irritation of the Law; yea, from the perfect obedience of the Law, it will now accept less; and from all obedience to it, as a possible way of life. Heb. 12:18, 22, 24, For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched, and that burned with fire: nor unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest…..But ye are come unto mount Sion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem……And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant.

 

November 9

     By his Suretiship we have this new and better Covenant-state, wherein we stand. We owe our being in Christ and in the Covenant of Grace, unto his Suretiship, who did undertake to bring about that bond of engagement betwixt God and us: for if Christ had not acted himself to do this, it had never been done. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me: and him that cometh to me, I will in no wise cast out.   

 

November 10

     By Christ's Suretiship we have our perseverance and in this Covenant-state; I say, not our being only, but our continuing in this blessed state, that we do not depart from God, and utterly forsake him, in a divorcement, even when we go a whoring from him: and that he doth not cast us off, and discovenant us for all that we have done. This advantage we have by Christ's Suretiship, that there can be no reversing, annulling, or repealing of God's Covenant with his people: and if it were not for that, a divorce should follow upon the whorings and treacherous dealings of our hearts every day. Psal. 89:30, 33-35, If his children forsake my law, and walk, not in my judgments, etc…..Nevertheless, my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him: nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David.    

 

November 11

     By Christ's Suretiship we have our boldness in all distresses, to lay our weight upon him. Isa. 38:14, Like a crane or swallow, so did I chatter; I did mourn as a dove: mine eyes fail with looking upward: O Lord, I am oppressed, undertake for me. Whensoever any duty or tentation is above our strength, when any difficulty prevaileth against us, then to come to Christ, as unto one who is engaged with us and for us. 2 Cor. 3:5, Not that we are sufficient of our selves to think any thing as of our selves: but our sufficiency is of God. When the Law cometh with any hard commandment, then to offer to God Christ the end of the law, Rom. 10:4; Heb. 12:24.

 

November 12

     Behold, we bring you glad tidings of great joy, Luke 2:10. Good news to broken sinners, who have made themselves irresponsible, who cannot fulfill the Covenant of works, who cannot answer the charge of the Law themselves. Behold, there is a better Covenant which hath a cautioner in it, who hath stricken hands with God, who hath undertaken the Debt, and hath discharged it. Isa. 53:6, And the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. Col. 2:14, Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us: and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross. Here is, in one word, manifold grounds of comfort to believers, and of encouragement to believe in Christ, to come and thank him for his undertaking, and to say, Amen to that which he did without our request. Here is one ground to answer many objections and doubtings, if you be by nature under a Covenant which hath no cautioner, Christ doth tender a Covenant which hath a cautioner in it. Heb. 7:22, By so much was Jesus made surety of a better testament. Heb. 8:6, But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises. If the conditions of that be hard, the conditions of this are easy. Rom. 10:6, 8, But the righteousness which is of faith speaketh on this wise…..That is the word of faith which we preach: if thou shalt believe with thine heart, thou shalt be saved. If you stand alone in that Covenant, you do not so here. Heb. 2:13, Behold, I and the children which God hath given me. If the charge of the Law be hard, such as you cannot satisfy, you have a Surety who hath both undertaken and made sufficient satisfaction to the Law. Isa. 53:8, He was taken from prison, and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living, for the transgression of my people was he stricken. If you be irresponsible creatures, who have not only broken Covenant, but disabled yourselves to perform anything that the Law, even the new Law doth require of you, your Surety is a responsible person, one that is mighty. Psal. 89:19, Then thou spakest in vision to thy holy one, and saidst, I have laid help upon one that is mighty: I have exalted one chosen out of the people. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him.

 

November 13

     Here is a matter of expostulation with believers, and with unbelievers, and that upon divers grounds:

     1. Why do any of you think or say, that the Gospel-conditions and commands are hard and heavy? that they are unprofitable or impossible? Rom. 10:6-8, But the righteousness which is of faith, speaketh on this wise: Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:) Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead.) But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that is, the word of faith, which we preach. Is there any cause to think so of a Covenant that hath a Surety in it? nay, 'tis groundless to think so.

     2. Why should broken men, and diver Debtors think to pay this Debt, or to perform their duty, without the help of their cautioner? Do you not often attempt this? to make amends to God for your faults, and to be more forth coming in your performances, even you alone, without Christ your Surety? John 15:4-5, Abide in me, and I in you: as the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine: no more can ye, except ye abide in me. I am the vine, ye are the branches: he that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing.  But these did better, who would do nothing without their Surety. Isa. 38:14, Mine eyes fail with looking upward: O Lord, I am oppressed, undertake for me. Psal. 119:32, 122, I will run the way of thy commandments, when thou shalt enlarge mine heart.....Be surety for thy servant for good: let not the proud oppress me. Phil. 4:13, I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me.

     3. Why do you question and suspect the Covenant of God, and the grounds of faith and assurance granted therein? Is there not a Surety in the Covenant, which shall make it stand fast, and in whom it shall stand fast with you? so that there is no ground left for doubting and fears, that it may be shaken. Heb. 6:17-18, Wherein God willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise, the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath: that by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong consolation who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us.

     4. Why do you lean upon anything, and seek relief from that which God hath not made the Surety of the Covenant? Why do you take caution from your own hearts for anything commanded in the Covenant? Can your resolutions be caution and Surety to God for you? Can your stock of gifts or grace be Surety for your performance of anything commanded, or set as a condition in the Gospel? Nay, sure they cannot, 1 Cor. 1:13, as the Apostle saith, These were not crucified for you, these never became Surety to God for you: and if so, wherefore do you trust in them, and lean upon them?

 

November 14

     For trial, whether Christ hath undertaken, and come under an act of Suretiship for you. This being among God's eternal secrets and immutable counsels, it is to be found out by the effects thereof, whereby God hath showed to the heirs of the promise, the immutability of his counsel, Heb. 6:17. Then,

     1. If you be in the Covenant of grace, or if you be reached by any of these qualifications by which he describes those persons who are comprehended in his Testament, then hath Christ undertaken for you: for he is surety of the new covenant, and better testament, Heb. 7:22; 8:6. And consequently hath undertaken for all those who are comprehended in it.

     2. If he hath acted the Covenant upon your hearts, according as it is commanded in the Gospel, and according as it's foretold, that he will fulfill it effectually in his people, then hath he undertaken for you, and hereby you may know it for a certainty. Jer. 31:33, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts: and I will be their God, and they shall be my people.

     3. If Christ hath taken your name out of the Law-writ and curse, and hath put your name in the Gospel-writ, and written you blessed in that little book, or pronounced you such by anything contained in it, then hath he undertaken for you. Rom. 4:7-8, Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered. Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin. Gal. 3:9, 13, 29, So then, they which be of faith, are blessed with faithful Abraham.....Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us.....And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and heirs according to the promise.

     4. If you can go out of yourselves, and find in your heart to engage him for you, and to lay the weight of your eternal interests upon him, your righteousness and salvation, and of all things commanded in the Gospel, in order to these, then hath he undertaken for you. For he doth not give such a heart to any, but to them for whom he came under an act of Suretiship. Phil. 3:3, For we are the circumcision, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh. Isa. 38:14, O Lord, I am oppressed, undertake for me. Psal. 119:32, 35, 122, I will run the way of thy commandments, when thou shalt enlarge my heart....Make me to go in the path of thy commandments: for therein do I delight.....Be surety for thy servant for good.

 

November 15

     Christ's Suretiship is a confirmation of the perseverance of the saints, and of the certainty of the Salvation of all the elect. For if their perseverance and believing to the end be undertaken for by him, how can it be uncertain? If our heaven and happiness be in a surer hand than our own, even in the keeping of Christ, how can it be but well kept? 1 Pet. 1:4-5, To an inheritance incorruptible, undefiled, and that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you, who are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation, ready to be revealed in the last time. Jer. 32:39-40, And I will give them one heart, and one way, that they may fear me for ever, for the good of them, and of their children after them. And I will make an everlasting covenant with them, that I will not turn away from them, to do them good: but I will put my fear into their hearts, that they shall not depart from me. Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. It is the Suretiship of Christ which holds the Covenant fast with us, and makes firm our Covenant-state, that upon no breaches on our part it can be disannulled. Psal. 89:30, 34-35, If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments....My covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips: Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. Jer. 31:37, Thus saith the Lord, If heaven above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, I will also cast off all the seed of Israel, for all that they have done, saith the Lord.

 

November 16

     The Doctrine of Christ's Suretiship serves to answer all tentations, discouragements, and doubtings that arise in the hearts of believers, concerning their Covenant-interests. If there be any doubt with you, about the performance of the precious promises, Christ's Suretiship answers it, and assureth that there shall be a performance of all these things which are spoken by the Lord, Luke 1:45. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are, yea, and in him, Amen, unto the glory of God by us. If there be anything too hard for you among all the commands and conditions of the new Covenant, his Suretiship answers that.  Rom. 10:6-8, But the righteousness which is of faith, speaketh on this wise: Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven?  (that is, to bring Christ down from above:) Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from  the dead.) But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that is the word of faith which we preach. Phil. 4:13, I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me. If your standing be doubtful since Adam and the angels have fallen, Christ's Suretiship answers, that he was never an undertaker for them, but he is engaged for every believer's standing. John 17:12, Those that thou gavest me, I have kept: and none of them is lost, but the son of perdition. Luke 22:32, But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not. Heb. 7:22, By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament. If you fear your our own frailty and sinfulness, lest it should make void the Covenant with you, his Suretiship answers that, it must stand with him, and if with him, then with you also. Psal. 89:30, 33, 35, If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments.....Nevertheless, my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. Jer. 31:37, Thus saith the Lord, If heaven above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth searched out beneath, I will also cast off the seed of Israel, for all that they have done, saith the Lord. If you fear your own backsliding, some decay and withering of grace in you, his Suretiship answers that: for he is engaged for influences to you. Isa. 44:3-4, For I will poor water upon him that is thirsty, and floods upon the dry ground: I will pour my spirit upon thy seed, and my blessing upon thine offspring: and they shall spring up as among the grass, as willows by the water-courses. Isa. 27:3, I the Lord do keep it; I will water it every moment: lest any hurt it, I will keep it night and day. If your strength fail and decay, his Suretiship shall renew strength unto you. Isa. 40:3, But they that wait upon the Lord, shall renew their strength: they shall mount up with wings as eagles:they shall run, and not be weary, and they shall walk, and not faint. If your legs fail, and your warmness decay, the undertaker's arms and bosom shall supply that. Isa. 40:11, 29, He shall feed his flock like a shepherd: he shall gather the lambs with his arm and carry them in his bosom, and shall gently lead those that are with young.....He giveth power to the faint: and to them that have no might, he increaseth strength. Deut. 33:27, The eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms. If you want a ransom to present to offended Justice, if you be anxious about a satisfaction to God at any time, Christ's Suretiship answers that; for thereby a satisfaction was found, and is performed. Job 33:24, Then he is gracious unto him, and saith, Deliver him from going down to the pit, I have found a ransom. 1 John 2:2, And he is the propitiation for our sins. If you want comfort or assurance, his Suretiship is the ground of that, you need not want it but through your own default. Heb. 6:17-18, Wherein God willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath: that by two immutable things, in which it was impossible for God to lie, we might have a strong con-solation, who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hope set before us.

 

November 17

     Believers, for whom Christ hath become Surety, let me exhort you,

     1. To admire the love which made Christ undertake for you, and come under an act of cautionary for you: in every piece of his Suretiship you may clearly read that which was read upon a lighter occasion. John 11:36, Behold how he loved him. Read a demonstration of his love in everything which he acted as your Surety, in every state wherein he carried your condition, and in every act wherein he acted your part; in his humbling himself, in his sufferings, in his actings for you and in you. Gal. 2:20, I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live, yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me. Gal. 4:4-5, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. It's strange that you who seek for demonstrations and proofs of his love, should slight so great a proof of it, and that you will not read it, where he hath most legibly written it. John 15:13, Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. Consider more of the person who was made Surety, and the parties for whom he became Surety and of the motive and principle that acted him in this undertaking, and of the special respect which he carried toward each of his people in this, and the sweet spirit which waited on his discharging of so great undertakings, that your hearts may be raised to admiration. Consider the extent of his Suretiship, how it reacheth unto the whole Covenant, and to every condition and command in it; to every promise in it: take it in the largest sense, to fulfill all the promises to us, to pay all our Debt, and to perform all our Duty, to work all our work, and to undergo all our punishment.

     2. Consider how you are in Christ's Debt, and for what, because of his Suretiship. Believers, you are in Christ's Debt beyond all reckoning that can be made of it.

       (a) You are infinitely in his Debt, you shall not be able while you live in this world once to reckon your obligations, it shall be work throughout eternity, to cast up the sum of this Debt of Grace. Psal. 40:5,Many, O Lord my God, are thy wonderful works which thou hast done, and thy thoughts which are to us-ward: They cannot be reckoned up in order unto thee: if I would declare and speak of them, they are more that can be numbered. 2 Sam. 7:18 to the end. Eph. 3:18-19, That ye may be able to comprehend with all saints, what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and height: and to know the love of Christ which passeth knowledge, that ye might be filled with all the fulness of God.

       (b) You are eternally in his Debt. You shall never be able to requite him. Nay, though it be your duty to study thankfulness, yet it would not become you once to think of recompensing him. Psa. 116:12, What shall I render unto the Lord for all his benefits towards me? Rev. 5:9, 12, And they sang a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood, out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation…..Saying with a loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain, to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honour, and glory, and blessing. You shall through all eternity remain his Debtors, for his undertaking and engaging for you, for his paying that which he undertook, and for his discharging of the Debt to you; yea, and for reporting his Father's discharge of it: all which come to us by Christ's Suretiship.

 

November 18

     1. You are in Christ's Debt for his undertaking that, unrequested, when there was none to solicit him, and when there was no necessity of nature upon him to answer for our Debt, that then he did consent and agree to put his name in our bond, and to subscribe a satisfaction to the violated Law. Gal. 4:4-5, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons. Heb. 10:5, 7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldst not, but a body hast thou prepared me....Then said I, Lo, I come, (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.

     2. You are in his Debt for paying so great a sum for you, so great a ransom, as you can neither count the Debt which was paid, nor the price which was told down in satisfaction of the penalty which we had incurred. Psal. 40:12, For innumerable evils hath compassed me about: mine iniquities have taken hold upon me, so that I am not able to look up: they are more than the hairs of my head: therefore my heart faileth me. Luke 7:47, Wherefore I say unto thee, Her sins which are many, are forgiven, for she loved much: but to whom little is forgiven, the same loveth little. 1 Pet. 1:18-19, Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish, and without spot. Isa. 53:5, But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and with his stripes we are healed.

     3. You are in his Debt for the fair acquittance and discharge which he hath obtained and received for you, when he was justified in the Spirit, 1 Tim. 3:16; Rom. 4:25. And for his reporting of that  unto you. Luke 7:48, And he said unto her, Thy sins are forgiven. And giving you an extract of it in your bosom to bear about with you, and helping you to read it. Eph. 1:13, In whom also after that ye believed, ye were sealed with that Holy Spirit of promise. Isa. 50:8, He is near that justifieth me: who will contend with me? let us stand together: who is mine adversary? let him come near to me. Rom. 8:33-34, Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? it is God that justifieth? who is he that condemneth? it is Christ that died, yea, rather that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.

     4. You are in his Debt for all that he hath wrought in you, from the time that first he bowed your will to believe, unto this day, for every piece of your obedience, for all your fruit, for every duty performed by you, for all the influences of his Spirit upon you, etc., you owed all these to Christ's Suretiship. Phil. 2:13, For it is God, which worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure. Rom. 9:16, So then, it is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy. Hos. 14:8, I am like a green fir tree, from me is thy fruit found. Phil. 1:11, Being filled with the fruits of right-eousness, which are by Christ Jesus unto the glory and praise of God. John 15:4-5, Abide in me, and I in you: as the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine, no more can ye, except ye abide in me. I am the vine, ye are the branches: he that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing. 1 Cor. 15:10, But by the grace of God, I am what I am, and his grace which was bestowed upon me, was not in vain; but I labored more abundantly then they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me. Jer. 30:21, And I will cause him to draw near, and he shall approach unto me: for who is this, that engaged his heart to approach unto me, saith the Lord?

 

November 19

     Believers learn to deal with God in all things pertaining to his Covenant, as having a cautioner, whether you be under any doubtfulness about the promises, or in any difficulty and perplexity about the commands and duties of the Covenant. Let your dealing in these things declare that there is a Surety: and this doth call for,

     1. More confidence and boldness,

       (a) In your dealings with God, and applications to him, you need not flee from his face and presence, as from a hard master, since there is a Surety in the Covenant, and he is content to take of his hand, what you cannot afford. When you are ashamed to be seen in his presence, and cannot be seen where God is, do but present Christ in your place and room, present a Surety, and he is satis-fied. Heb. 9:24, For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true: but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us. Present him to God, and come to God through him, and command him, in a manner ask and have all your will. Isa. 45:11, Thus saith the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, and his Maker, Ask me of things to come, concerning my sons, and concerning the work of my hands command ye me.

       (b) In your dealings with Christ, come unto him as unto a person already engaged for you, as unto a Surety who hath already come under an act of cautionary for his people, and consequently as unto one whose honor lieth at the stake, for a performance of all things what-soever are contained in the Covenant. And do not come unto him, and make use of him with doubtfulness, whether he will do for you, and work in you these things for which he stands already engaged by his Suretiship. Heb. 10:19, 22, Having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus.....Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil con-  science, and our bodies washed with pure water. Heb. 4:14, 16, Seeing then that we have a great high priest, that is passed into the heavens, let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need.

       (c) In your dealings with your duty, and with the Law which commandeth it, you are not to flee the command as the devour Debtor fleeth the face of his Creditor, as these which are not Law-biding; but you are now through the Suretiship of Christ, to welcome every command and charge of the Law, as being in some near capacity to speak with it, and to give it some satisfying answer. Psal. 119:97, O how love I thy law. Isa. 60:17, I will also make thine officers peace, and thine exactors righteousness.

     2. This doth also call for more quietness of mind in you. You are often disquieted anxiously, that you do not reap the fruit of Covenant-promises, and that Gospel-commands do not find that obedience in you, which is acknowledged to be due unto them, you have covenanted obedience to the Gospel, and you are as an unjust Debtor through the nonperformance of your Covenant and promises, and this is your affliction, and makes you walk in heaviness every day. I say, that Christ's Suretiship doth call for quieting your minds, and to lay more weight upon his free undertakings, and less upon your own slippery performances (be it spoken without giving any color to slack your hand in the best and utmost endeavors after duty):

       (a) Because what obedience the Gospel hath not yet had in you, it shall have, since he is engaged for it. Psal. 138:8, The Lord will perfect that which concerneth me: thy mercy, O Lord, endureth for ever: forsake not the works of thine own hands. Isa. 26:12, Lord, thou wilt ordain peace for us, for thou also hast wrought all our works in us.

       (b) What the Law and Gospel cannot find in you, they shall have in him, and 'tis enough if it be found either in the Surety or the Debtor. Rom. 10:4, For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth. Rom. 8:3, For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin in the flesh. Gal. 4:4-5, But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

       (c) The Surety hath already satisfied for your disobedience: it is not a thing to be done, but past already. Heb. 9:15, And for this cause is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.

 

November 20

     Learn hence a necessary cautiousness (the neglect whereof is one chief cause of the misgiving of our hearts in duties every day). Do not put anything in Christ's place as Surety and undertaker for you. Sometimes we take our gifts and graces to be Surety for us, and we reckon that these may engage for us, and make us forthcoming in Duty. Sometimes we take our own hearts, and our resolution, Surety for us; and we trust to them as the people did. Joshua 24:16, And the people answered, and said, God forbid that we should forsake the Lord, to serve other gods. Deut. 5:27, 29, Go thou near and hear all that the Lord our God shall say, and speak thou unto us all that the Lord our God shall speak unto thee, and we will hear it, and do it.....O that there were such an heart in them, that they would fear me, and keep all my commandments always, that it might be well with them, and with their children for ever! Sometimes we take our own good frame Surety for us. If we have at any time some warmness and life under present influences, we reckon these may be Surety for us, and that is but to put something in the Surety's place, which God hath not made cautioner in this Covenant. 1 Cor. 1:30-31, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption: that according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.

 

November 21

     Christ is Testator, or he that makes the will and testament, Heb. 9:16-17.

     Now because Testator and Testament are so nearly related, that the one is not understood without the other; I must here refer you to that which I have already spoken of Christ's Testament

     1. What this Name and Covenant-relation imports.

     2. What was the design of this Covenant-relation.

     3. How the thing designed in Christ's being Testator in the new Testament or Covenant, is rendered effectual by his sustaining this relation. And

       (a) Of the name and relation signifies a Disposer or Testator, one that maketh his latter will and Testament. One who according to his own will and pleasure disposeth of his estate and goods, in contemplation of his death, and the leaving his possession to be enjoyed by others after his death.

 

November 22

     This Covenant-relation, that Jesus Christ is Testator, imports,

     1. A person dying, or doing a deed in contemplation of the necessity of his own death, as being thereunto appointed. This relation speaks Christ, under not only the common appointment unto death with all men, Heb. 9:27, but under a special appointment unto death, for that end for which he made his Testament, which he well understood, and did often contemplate and remember, when he acted in this Covenant-relation. Heb. 9:15-16, Where a testament is there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. And John 13:1, Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father.

     2. This relation imports a person vested with possession and right unto some estate or goods, whereof he makes a Disposal and Will. For he that hath nothing in possession nor in title, can dispose of nothing to another person. Christ the Testator, is a person fully vested with right unto, and possession of all good things: for God hath made him both Lord and Christ, Acts 2:36  and 10:36. And him God hath anointed heir of all things, Heb. 1:2. It pleased the Father that in him all fulness should dwell, Col. 1:19.

     3. This relation imports a power in the Testator, to dispose of the things possessed by him, a power of conveying his estate to others, else it were in vain to bequeath his estate real or personal. This relation speaks Christ the Testator in power and authority, to convey all Covenant-blessings, which are his own, unto his people: for the Father hath given all things unto his hands, and hath committed all judgment to the Son. Not a possession only, but a power and authority, John 3:35; 5:22. And hath given him power authority over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him, John 17:2.

     4. This relation imports a Deed which is the sole will, and mere pleasure of the Testator, not only a power to dispose of that which he possesseth or hath right unto, but to do according to his mere pleasure, and the Testator's will to be the devising and conveying of whatsoever is his own. And therefore inasmuch as Christ is Testator in the Covenant, it is declared that his will in his Testament, his grace and pleasure, makes the title and conveyance of what we have from and by him. John 17:24, Father, I will that these whom thou hast given unto me, be with me, etc. John 14:27, My peace I give unto you. John 16:7, I will send the Comforter unto you.

     5. This relation imports the actual declaring of his will, and disposing of his goods. For a Testator is not a Testator, but in relation to the instrument, or evidence by which he declares his will, to wit, his Testament. And therefore this relation holds forth Christ in the Covenant, as having actually already made his will by an authentic instrument and evidence, to wit, the Old and New Testament. For Christ died not untested, and without a declaration of his will, and a disposal of his house, and of his goods, but hath ordered and disposed all of things, and left us this authentic evidence of his will. Luke 22:29, And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed unto me. The same word that's used, Heb. 9:16, I dispose or appoint by my will and Testament; and Heb. 10:16, I will make with you a covenant, to wit, this testamentary Covenant: I declare my will of grace to you in it.

 

November 23

     What was the design of Christ's sustaining the relation of Testator in the new Covenant?

     1. That by this relation our Lord Jesus might super add a new title to believers, unto the new Covenant-blessings, which he would have his people to hold of him, after all manner of the best security used among men, and therefore will not only convey these mercies to them by Cove-nant and promise, but by Testament and Legacy: therefore he sustained the relation of a Testator. John 14:27, Peace I leave with you: to wit, by Legacy.

     2. He sustained this relation, to declare the absolute freeness of his grace, in the conveyance of Covenant-blessings, which howsoever covenanted and promised to us condition-ways, yet are purely deeds of Grace, and of the pleasure and will of God, as all testamentary deeds are, which are the sole will and mere pleasure of the Testator. John 17:24, Father, I will and Luke 22:29, I appoint unto you a kingdom.

     3. He sustained this relation for the ratification of that title and interest which believers have unto Covenant-blessings: for their holding, being by a deed of will and pleasure, so long as he who disposeth of his estate and goods is alive, his will is ambulatory and alterable: therefore he is a Testator (which takes in the death of Christ, that his will of grace to his people declared in his Testament might be irrevocable): so the Apostle argues. Gal. 3:15, Though it be but a man's testament, yet if it be confirmed (to wit, by his death) no man disannulleth or addeth thereunto. Heb. 9:16-17, For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all while the testator liveth.

     4. Christ sustained the relation of a Testator in the new Covenant, to make way for a possession of these Covenant-blessings, unto which his people have a right. He makes his Testament, and dies, that his will in his Testament might be executed, which could have no execution till by his death (typical or real) and contemplation thereof, he declared a cession of his possession. That this was his very design, the Apostle proves, Heb. 9:15, That by means of death…..they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance. John 16:17, If I go not away, the Comforter will not come; but if I depart, I will send him unto you.

 

November 24

     'Tis unquestionable, that by this relation, believers have a new active title to the Covenant-blessings, to wit, a testamentary title; they are his friends, and legators, and do hold their mercies as Legacies left to them by the latter will of Christ the Testator; his will of favor and grace is their title. So he often taught his Disciples, to remember their testamentary title to their mercies. Matt. 26:28; 1 Cor. 11:25, This is my blood of the new testament, shed for many, for the remission of sins, etc. John 5:21, The Son quickeneth whom he will. James 1:18, Of his own will begat he us. Here is that title of will acknowledged, and the design of absolute free-grace, in the Testator accomplished.

 

November 25

      The design of God in Christ's sustaining the relation of a Testator in the Covenant of Grace, is accomplished, in so far, as a ratification and confirmation of the testamentary Covenant is thereby intended. Because by Christ's death, the right that believers have by this Testament receives a threefold confirmation:

     1. A confirmation of the verity and reality of it; that it is a true and real deed, which by the strickest trial, for probate of Wills, cannot be rejected: for 'tis confirmed, says the Apostle, Gal. 3:15: to wit, to be an authentic instrument and evidence. Acts 3:15, And killed the Prince of life, whom God hath raised from the dead, whereof we are witnesses. Luke 24:48, And ye are witnesses of these things.

     2. A confirmation of validity, it is made unalterable, so that it cannot be disannulled or abrogated thereafter; so that no man can make it void, or put any alteration upon it, as the Apostle proves. Gal. 3:15, No man disannulleth, or added, Heb. 9: 17. Firm and settled, as a pillar on its base.

     3. A confirmation of efficacy; it is made available to our use, as our evidence in judgment; it is of strength, says the Apostle, Heb. 9:17. But the next accomplishment of the design of God in this Covenant-relation, will clear this further. To wit, the executing of Christ's Testament, by his ceeding the possession.

 

November 26

     Let us therefore consider how Christ's being Testator doth make way for those that are called to receive the inheritance, Heb. 9:15.

     Christ the Testator is vested with the right and possession of all the Covenant-blessings: for he is the first begotten of many brethren. Heb. 1:6, And God gave him to be head over all things to the Church. Col. 1:15, 17-18, Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature.....And he is before all things, and by him all things consist. And he is the head of the body, the Church: who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things he might have the preeminence.

 

November 27

     The Testator by his Will and Testament, bequeaths, disposes, and leaves in legacy the very same mercies, and Covenant-blessings that were his at the firsthand, and all treasured up in the Mediator and Testator, as in a storehouse: Lo, says he, I give you the sure mercies of David, Acts 13:34 with Isa. 35:3.

 

November 28

     The Testator dies. When Christ hath made his Will, he laid down his life, and by his death he opens a way, and gives Legal access to his people, to have his Testament executed, and his Will therein actually fulfilled.

     1. He renders up the possession, and by a cession yields it unto his people, Heb. 9:15. The Mediator and Testator dies, that by means of death…..they which are called, might receive eternal inheritance and John 16:7, If I do not go, the Comforter will not come unto you, etc. If the Testator had not died, there had never been room nor access for them who are called, to receive the inheritance: though in this there be something singular, and different from human conveyances, because Christ does so give up the possession for his people's access to it, that he also keeps it for the same end, that he and they after ratifying his Testament by his death, may live and possess the inheritance together, as joint-heirs with Christ, Rom. 8:17; John 14:2-3. But in human possessions there is no room for two to possess the same thing by a complete entire title to it; nor for a person that yields the possession or inheritance to another, to return to it, without divesting that person to whom it was resigned.

     2. The Testator himself pleads his Testament, and his making way through his death for his people's coming at the inheritance, and the possession of his goods: I say, he pleads that to be of force through his death, as a valid Legal right, that they also may now possess and enjoy with him. John 17:24, Father, I will that they may be where I am. And in Heaven he appears for us, and upon our account, in the force of the Testator's death, Heb. 17:23-24.

     3. The Testator who before possessed the inheritance upon his own right and title, does now possess the inheritance by a title super-added to that; to wit, upon our account, as our Attorney, as one representing the elect, and having wrought for their heaven, John 17:4, and come to heaven to be veiled with a possession in their name, and for their account: for now he appears in heaven, in the presence of God for us, Heb. 9:24. And by the Testator's being in Heaven, God hath made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus, Eph. 2:6. And he as a forerunner is for us entered, Heb. 6:20.

     4.The Testator surrogates his Spirit in his absence, and after his death, to see his Will executed in all points, and to give real and actual possession of his Testament-blessings unto those to whom he left them. John 15:26, But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, he shall testify of me, and John 16:7-8. Which accordingly is fulfilled, and our possession quo ad exequnta, is ascribed to this Executor surrogate by the Testator, and doing his will in his name. 1 Cor. 6:11, But ye were washed, but ye are sanctified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God; the Executor of the Lord Testator's will.

 

November 29

     This Covenant-relation does exceedingly magnify the riches of the grace and love of Christ Jesus the Testator:

     1. That the King immortal, 1 Tim. 1:17, should become a man subject to mortality, Heb. 2:17.   

     2. That he should act anything in contemplation of mortality, and be a Testator, even he who was to see no corruption, Psal. 16:11 with Acts 2:31; John 13:1.

     3. That he who could not see corruption, yet nevertheless should die and give up the ghost, for conveying a title and possession of life and immortality to his people, Gal. 2:20.

 

November 30

     Let the friends and Legators of this blessed Testator, know, that your holding is of absolute grace, and of the mere pleasure of the Testator. Your right and title is testamentary, and you have your mercies by Christ's will of favor. You are Legatories, and he is the Testator. John 5:21, The Son quickeneth whom he will. And yet you are not left at uncertainty: for there is nothing sure to changeable creatures, but what is pure Grace, and hangs upon the free will of God, and the motions of his heart. Rom. 4:16, Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace, to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed. Mal. 3:6, For I am the Lord, I change not: therefore ye sons of Jacob are not consumed. You may say to him, as he said to his Father upon your account, Matt. 11:25-26, I thank thee, O Father…..And even so, Father, because so it seemed good in thy sight. 

 

December 1

     Comfort to Believers in Christ, whose names are written in this Testament:

     1. That our Lord Jesus died not untested, and without a plain declaration of his Will to whom he left his goods, and what the things be which he left unto them. Acts 13:34, And as concerning that he raised him up from the dead, now no more to return to corruption, he said on this wise, I will give you the sure mercies of David. John 14:27, Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you, not as the world giveth, give I unto you. John 13:1, Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end; John 15:11, 13-15 and 16:33.

     2. That your right is testamentary, the Covenant betwixt God and Christ being turned unto a testament betwixt him and you, the blessings thereof are the absolute will of the Testator. John 14:27, Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you, not as the world giveth give I unto you: let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid. John 17:24, Father, I will that they also whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am, that they may behold my glory which thou hast given me.

     3. That there is force and strength in his latter Will, by virtue of his death, that we can bring his Will as a valid deed of Law now after his death, and can plead it with God. Heb. 9:15, 17, And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance…..For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all whilest the testator liveth.

     4. That he hath left one to execute his Will; that the Testator wants not an Executor of his Testament. John 14:25, But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you. John 15:26, But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me.

 

December 2

     For Exhortation, both to consider of the design of Grace that lies wrapt up in this Covenant-relation, and to search into the experimental knowledge of the virtue and efficacy of Christ's being the Testator of the new Covenant.

 

December 3

     I say, study the design of grace which is wrapt up in this Covenant-relation, as it super-adds a new title to Covenant blessings, as it declares the absolute freeness of Covenant mercies, as it ratifies Christ's will of grace, and as it makes way for our possession of the things bequeathed unto us in Christ's Testament, whereof we have spoken.

 

December 4

     Search (I say) after the experimental knowledge of the virtue of Christ's Testatorship,

     1. Quo ad executionem, in the force and efficacy of it, that through the Testator's death his Testament hath been executed and fulfilled as to thee. Heb. 9:17, For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all whilest the testator liveth. Zech. 9:11, As for thee also, by the blood of thy covenant, I have sent out thy prisoners out of the pit wherein there is no water.

     2. Quo ad executa, in the latitude of his Legacies, that nothing disposed and bequeathed to Believers in Christ's Testament, hath escaped thee; that no part of his goods which is the portion of his people, be wanting with thee. 2 Pet. 1:5, And besides this, giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue, and to your virtue knowledge, etc.

     3. ad executorem, in the kindly genuine work of his Spirit; that the good which God hath done to thee, is the true execution of the Testator's will of grace to his people. 1 Cor. 6:11, And such were some of you, but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God. John 1:13, Which were born not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. Rom. 8:9, But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you: now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his.

 

December 5

     Besides the many and various relations before spoken of, which Christ sustaineth in the Covenant of grace, he is the Covenant itself, for to him doth the Father speak. Isa. 42:6 and 49:8, I will give thee for a covenant of the people: things attributed in abstracto, have a great signification, Rom. 8:7, the carnal mind is enmity, etc. Christ is called the peace, Micah 5:5, And our peace, Eph. 2:14. This is more than the peace maker, Col. 1:20. 'Tis all the transaction of peace, the whole business of reconciliation comprised in the Mediator, and acted by him. So here Christ a covenant, is more than the Covenant maker, or the Mediator of the Covenant; the phrase imports two things:

     1. The abridging and summing up of the whole Covenant in Christ Mediator; in whose person the two parties at enmity were united. I will give thee for a covenant of the people; that is, I make a gift of thee, to be to my people the summary and compend of all that blessed transaction and Covenant which I purpose with them.

     2. It imports the commitment of the whole business (which God purposed to do with his people in the way of a Covenant) unto Christ the Mediator, to be managed by him. I will give thee for a covenant of the people, is a designation of Christ's work, unto which he was called; and for the doing of which, promises of assistance are made to him in the words preceding these; as if it were said, I set thee over the whole business of the Covenant between me and the people given to thee, that from beginning to end it may be managed by thee. Again, Christ is not only given for a covenant, but for a covenant of the people; that is, to be on the people's side, and to deal for them. For the people alone are not capable of confederation with God, but Christ stands jointly with them, and is gifted of God to the people, to be given back again to God for their part of the Covenant, Psal. 89:19; Heb. 2:13.

 

December 6

     Christ is all the Covenant: or all this Covenant is comprised in Christ: or God by giving Christ, doth give the Covenant of the people with him.

     Christ is the Covenant, Originally and fundamentally: he is the original and root out of which the Covenant sprang, and he is the foundation upon which it is grounded. The Covenant of

grace took its rise and being from Christ. Rev. 22:16, I Jesus have sent mine angel to testify unto you these things in the Churches: I am the root and the offspring of David, and the bright and morning star. Isa. 28:16, Therefore thus saith the Lord God, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation, a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believ-eth shall not make haste. Judges 14:14, And he said unto them, Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness.

     1. He is the ancient foundation of that which was revealed of the Covenant from the beginning of the world: therefore God revealing this Covenant in Paradise, presently after the fall, bottomed it upon Christ the seed of the woman, Gen. 3.15. And revealing it to Abraham, he grounded it upon Christ Abraham's seed, in whom all the families of the earth should be blessed, Gen. 12:3 and 17:1-2.

     2. Christ is the eternal foundation of this Covenant, upon whom it was bottomed in the eternal decrees of God. Hence our vocation and salvation are said to be promised and given to us in him before the world began. Tit. 1:2, And in hope of eternal life, which God, that cannot lie, promised before the world began. 2 Tim. 1:9, Who hath saved as, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began. Eph. 1:4, According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love.

 

December 7

     Christ is the Covenant primarily, and by propriety, as fire is hot for itself, and all things hot for it, and by participation. Because with him was the Covenant made as the chief party. With Believers it was made in subordination to him. With him it was made at the first hand; with us at the second hand. With him it was made for himself. With us it was only made for him; therefore 'tis his Covenant by propriety and ours only by participation. And therefore all the promises are made first to him and fulfilled first to him. And all the acts of God's love terminate first upon him, and come at us only in the second room, and at the second hand. Isa. 59:21, As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the Lord: My spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith the Lord, from henceforth, and  for ever. Psal. 89:3, 33, I have made a covenant with my chosen; I have sworn unto David my servant…..Nevertheless, my lovingkindness will I not utterly take from him, nor suffer my faithfulness to fail. Isa. 53:3, And I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David. Eph. 1:3, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ.

 

December 8

     Christ is the Covenant eminently, because he is the chief blessing of the Covenant; there being not such another promise and gift in all the bundle of promises contained in the Covenant. Therefore is he spoken of by way of eminence, as being that transcendent gift of God, matchless effect of God's love, besides which there is not another the like. John 4:10, Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith unto thee, Give me to drink. John 3:16, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him, should not perish, but have everlasting life. He is the most precious stone in all the Jewel, Matt. 13:44-45. All other things in the Covenant, Righteousness, Life, Pardon, Peace, etc., are but the garnish of this Jewel. Song. 5:10, My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand. He is the most sweet and ripest berry in all the cluster of Promises which grow together in the Covenant. Nay, he is the cluster himself. Song. 1:14, My beloved is unto me as a cluster of camphire in the vineyards of Engedi. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all; how shall he not with him also freely give us all things? He is the fairest and most bright shining star in all that constellation. Rev. 22:16, The bright and morning star. He is the fairest stone in all the building, none like unto him. Isa. 28:16, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation, a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation. 1 Pet. 2:4, To whom coming as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious. Psal. 118:22, The stone which the builders refused, is become the headstone of the corner. He is the fairest tree in all the garden of God, like the tree of life in the midst of Eden. Song. 2:3, As the apple tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among the sons. Rev. 22:2, In the midst of the streets of it, and of either side of the river, was there the tree of life, which bare twelve manner of fruits, and yielded her fruit every month: and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.

 

December 9

     Christ is the Covenant virtually, or equivalently. He is the just value of all the bargain. He is of as much worth as all that is promised and contracted to Believers in the Covenant of grace; so that if the value of it were asked, how much is it worth? it could not be answered otherwise, than so, 'Tis of as much value as Christ is. And when the Promises are fulfilled to the utmost, they amount not beyond the giving of Christ to Believers. John 1:12, But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. Col. 1:27, Which is, Christ in you the hope of glory, Col. 3:11, Christ is all.

 

December 10

     Christ is the Covenant exemplarily, the very sample and first pattern of the Covenant, and of the design of grace carried on by the Covenant, was in the union of the two natures in Christ the Mediator's person. For consider, I pray, the great design of favor carried on by the Covenant of grace, is an union of man with God, a restoring of man to the first state of friend-ship with God, and in Christ Mediator. His person was the sampler and original pattern of all the business; to wit,

     1. Of God's infinite condescension and stooping so far towards a nearness, a union with man. Phil. 2:6-7, Who being in the form of God, thought it no robbery to be equal with God: but made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men.

     2. Of the unspeakable exaltation of our nature toward an union with God. Heb. 2:11, 16, For verily he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham.....For which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren.

     3. Of the union and conjunction of God and man, which is the result of God's condescension, and our exaltation, and which is the summary of the second Covenant. Matt. 1:23, Immanuel, which being interpreted, is, God with us. Rev. 21:3, And God himself shall be with them, and be their God. So then, Christ is the Covenant in this respect also, the first sampler of  the union and agreement of the parties covenanting. Eph. 2:14, For he is our peace, who hath made both one. Zech. 6:13, And the counsel of peace shall be between them both.

 

December 11

     Christ is the Covenant comprehensively or summarily. He is the very compound or abridgment of the Covenant. In the Mediator's person there is a little sum of the whole Covenant. Consider this, how the parties, articles, mutual stipulations, promises, properties and blessings of the Covenant, are all some way abridged in Christ, and summed up in his person. And, Christ is all the parties of the Covenant of grace, or rather both the parties are comprehended in the Mediator's person. He is both the parties in three respects;

     1. Because of the union of the two natures in his blessed person: he is God-man, God made manifest in the flesh, 1 Tim. 3:16. Who took not upon him our nature in its primitive innocency and virgin integrity, But came in the likeness of sinful flesh, Rom. 8:3. He took upon him the nature of fallen man, but sanctified for and by the union with the divine nature, Luke 1:35; Heb. 7:26. And so he is both the  parties, the Covenant being betwixt God and man, not innocent, but fallen man, yet believing and renewed man.

     2. Because the person who is Mediator, is upon both sides of the Covenant: as being one with the Father and Holy Ghost, he is on God's side of the Covenant. 1 John 5:7, For there are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. 2 Cor. 9:13, Whiles by the experiment of this ministration they glorify God for your professed subjection unto the gospel of Christ. And as he is one with us, he is on our side of the Covenant. Heb. 2:11, 13, For both he that sanctifieth, and they who are sanctified, are all of one: for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren…..Behold I, and the children which God hath given me.

     3. He is not only upon both sides of the Covenant; but he contracts for both the parties, carrying the relation of a party, both upward to God, and downward to us. He treateth and covenanteth for God with us. And he treateth and covenanteth for us with God, which upon the matter is to carry, as having the representation and sum of both parties in his per-son. 2 Cor. 5:19, To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself. Heb. 2:13, Behold I, and the children which God hath given me. And as it is said of Jacob's representing the people that came out of his loins. Hos. 12:4, He found him in Bethel, and there he spake with us. So it may be said of Christ's representing his people, for God spoke with us in him.

 

December 12

    The sum of all the articles of the Covenant is in Christ. Consider, I pray, what is the sum of the Articles; even this, I will be your God, and ye shall be my people. You find the articles of the Covenant frequently summed up in these two words, Ezek. 37:23; Rev. 21:3. Now this is in Christ Jesus,

     1. In regard of the conjunction of relations in him; to wit, God owning the people, and the people owning him; he being the only person in heaven or earth, who doth bear or is capable to bear the relation of God towards the people; and again, of the people towards God; for he is God with us, Matt. 1:23. He is God and the people united and owning one another, and in some things he doth represent and carry forth God to us as ours, 2 Cor. 5:19. And in other things he doth represent and carry in the people of God, and present them before him as his own people, Heb. 9:24; 2:13; Eph. 2:6.

     2. In regard of causality: (for although Christ be not the cause of God's love to the elect, but the effect thereof, John 3:16; yet he is the cause of the effects and acts whereby it runneth forth towards us). Christ is the bottom of the relation betwixt God and his people. For by his taking a new Covenant-right unto God as his God and Father by Covenant, he did lay the foundation of God's being our God by Covenant, and of our being the people of God by Covenant; which had never been, were it not for Christ's new Covenant-right. Psal. 89:26, He shall cry unto me, Thou art my Father, my God, and the rock of my salvation. Gal. 4:6, And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father. Heb. 1:5, For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? and again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?

     3. In regard of conveyance, or of the manner and way how we have access to this privilege and Covenant-state, to have God to be our God: God is our God in Christ, and we are God's people in and through Christ: and without an existence in Christ, and union with him, God is not ours, neither are we his. Eph. 2:12, That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenant of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world. For Covenant-relations, as well as blessings, come to us through Christ. We come to God in Christ and God cometh to us and becometh ours in him. 2 Cor. 5:19, To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.

 

December 13

     The sum of the mutual stipulation is in Christ. There are some mutual conditions and stipulations in this as in other Covenants. But Christ may be well called the whole stipulation:

     1. Because 'tis he who obtaineth the consent of both parties, and receiveth in their Amen to that blessed transaction of friendship and union, the consent of the one from everlasting, Prov. 8:22-23, 30 with 2 Tim. 1:9; Tit. 1:2, and of the other when we believe, John 6:37; Rev. 22:17, 20.

     2. Because the Covenant was given to him, to be fulfilled on both sides by him; it was ful-filled upon God's side. For he is the person which was sent to perform all that God had promised to his people. Luke 1:69-70, 72-74, And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us, in the house of his servant David, as he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began.....To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant, the oath which he sware to our father Abraham, that he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hands of our enemies, might serve him without fear. By him it was fulfilled upon our part; for he is the person upon whom our help was laid, even to perform whatsoever is required of us by the Covenant. Psal. 89:17, 19, For thou art the glory of their strength…..Then thou spakest in vision to thy holy one, and saidst, I have laid help upon one that is mighty.

     3. Because upon the matter, Christ is the very thing which is mutually stipulated upon both sides: Consider I pray, God stipulates to give us Christ, and that is the sum of what he stipulates. Isa. 55:3-4, Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live: and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David. Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people. And again, we restipulate to give Christ to God for all that the Covenant requires of us. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption. Phil. 3:9, And be found in him, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the law, but that which is through the faith of Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith. For this is the nature of the Gospel-Covenant, it craveth conditions and duties from us, but filleth the hand with Christ, wherewith to pay the master's rent: and we do answer all that is craved with Christ, which maketh the craving gentle. Isa. 60:17, I will also make thine officers peace, and thine exactors righteousness.

 

December 14

     Christ is the sum of all the promises and blessings of the Covenant. Isa. 42:6, And give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. This doth appear,

     1. From the first discovery of this Covenant, which had but one promise in it, and that was the promise of Christ. Gen. 3:15, The seed of the woman.

     2. This appears from God's explicating the sum of the promises and Covenant, when it was more explicitly held forth to be Christ gifted to his people. Gen. 12:3, And in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed. lsa. 55:3-4, And I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David. Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people.

     3. This appears from the Holy Ghost's accounting Christ's coming to be the performing of the whole Covenant and promises. Luke 1:69, 72-73, And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us, in the house of his servant David.....To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant, the oath which he sware to our father Abraham, etc.

 

December 15

     Christ is the sum of all the properties of the Covenant, not only because whatsoever these properties speak forth of the nature of that transaction that is to be found in him; but also, and chiefly, because Christ is the foundation of all these properties, as may appear by a short recapitulation of the particular properties thereof, which are all comprised in Christ. And,

     1. The freeness of the Covenant is comprised in him. The Covenant of grace is free: and indeed Christ is a free Christ, or Christ freely given to his people is the sum of the free Covenant. John 3:16, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him, should not perish, but have everlasting life. John 4:10, Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith unto thee, Give me to drink, thou wouldst have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water. Isa. 42:6, And give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son: but delivered him up for us all: how shall he not with him also freely give us all things? Yea, 'tis in and for Christ that the Covenant is a free Covenant. For the same righteousness, and life, and Covenant-blessings which are freely promised and offered to us, at the first hand were purchased by Christ, and a satisfaction given to the justice of God for them; and because he paid a price for them, therefore they are free gifts to us. He made all Covenant-mercies free to us by Covenant, because they were bought by him, in the Covenant that was made between God and Christ. Isa. 53:10-12, Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him: he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many: for he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong: because he hath poured out his soul unto death; and he was numbered with the transgressors, and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. John 17:4-5, I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self, with the glory which I had with thee before the world was. I do not say that Christ was the cause of God's eternal transaction which he purposed in himself; but that he is the cause of these effects of Covenant-graces, which come freely to us for his sake, who bought them with a great price. 1 Pet. 1:19-21, But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish, without spot. Who verily was foreor-dained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you who by him do believe in God that raised him up from the dead, and gave him glory, that your faith and hope might be in God.

 

December 16

     The everlastingness of the Covenant is comprised in Christ. The Covenant is an everlasting Covenant and he is God everlasting, yea, an everlasting Mediator, who was set up from everlast-ing, and shall endure to everlasting. Isa. 9:6, For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government shall be upon his shoulders, and his name shall be called Wonderful, Coun-selor, the mighty God, the everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. Prov. 8:23, I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was. Heb. 7:25, Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. Yea, it is in, and through, and for Christ, that the Covenant of grace hath everlast-ingness in it. Whether we consider it as everlasting, a parte ante: it could not have been an everlasting Covenant in this respect, unless there had been another everlasting party for the everlasting God to deal with. And there was not another party of this kind, but Christ; in whom grace was given to us, and promises of life were made to us before the world began. 2 Tim. 1:9; Tit. 1:2; Prov. 8:23. Or if we consider the Covenant as everlasting, a parte post, Christ is the foundation of that, and it is in and for Christ that the Covenant is an everlasting Covenant. And because he is given for a Covenant of the people, therefore everlastingness is given to that Covenant. Psal. 89:3, 34-35, I have made a covenant with my chosen; I have sworn unto David my servant.....My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips. Once have I sworn by my holiness, that I will not lie unto David. Isa. 59:21, As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the Lord; My spirit which is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith the Lord, from henceforth and for ever. Isa. 53:10, When thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand.

 

December 17

     The order of the Covenant is comprised in Christ. The Covenant is a well ordered Covenant and the order of the whole treaty of reconciliation and of this Covenant-transaction is summed up in Christ, in whom the parties meet together in this order: God coming down to us in Christ and we coming up to God in Christ. 2 Cor. 5:19, To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself. Matt. 1:23, God with us. Yea all things that are ordered and disposed concerning Covenant-grace and blessings, are ordered in him, and for him, and by him. For the methods and ways of God's dispensing and ordering Covenant-blessings, are through him, and in him, as the channel and conveyance thereof; and for him as the cause; and by him as the great Administrator who is over all that business for the managing thereof. Eph. 1:3-6, Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ, according as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love. Having predestinated us into the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved. Eph. 2:6, 10, And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus…..For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them.

 

December 18

     The stability of the Covenant is comprised in Christ. The Covenant of Grace is a sure Covenant, and he is a firm and sure Christ, who fails not, and changes not. Heb. 13:8, Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever. Yea, he is the very stability of the Covenant of Grace. 2 Cor. 1:20, For all the promises of God in him are, yea, and in him, Amen, unto the glory of God by us. The sure foundation upon which it is established, Isa. 28:16. Because Christ is in the Covenant as a nail in a sure place, and as a foundation and corner stone which cannot be removed: therefore stability and firmness is in the Covenant, Isa. 22:23. Because the Covenant made with him is sure, therefore the Covenant made with us is sure, Psal. 89:33-34. And because Christ is given for a Covenant of the people, therefore stability is given to that Covenant as an essential property thereof.

 

December 19

     The perfection of the Covenant of Grace is comprised in Christ. It is a perfect Covenant, and he is a perfect and complete Christ; a Saviour made perfect, to be the author of a complete Salvation to his people, Heb. 5:9, and to save to the utmost, Heb. 7:25. Yea, the Covenant is a perfect Covenant, because Christ is in it, in whom we are complete, Col. 2:9-10. And in whom dwelleth perfect fullness, and all desirable perfections. If Christ had not been in it, perfection had not been in it, nor should that Covenant have been able to perfect us forever, but it had left us as the first Covenant did. But because God gave Christ for a Covenant of the people, therefore perfection is in it, and came to us by it. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

 

December 20

     The satisfactoriness of the Covenant of grace, is comprised in Christ: it is a soul satisfying Covenant, and he is a soul satisfying Christ. 2 Sam. 23:5, For this is all my salvation, and all my desire, although he make it not to grow. Song. 5:16, His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem. Psal. 73:25, Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there is none upon earth that I desire besides thee. Yea, Christ is the foundation of that satisfaction which the souls of the saints find by being with-in the Covenant of grace. He is the desire of all nations, Hag. 2:7. It is in and for him, that it is satisfying. If Christ were not in the Covenant, the soul of a saint could never say of it, This is all my desire, but because he is in it, therefore the spirits of men by embracing it, find a satisfaction. Psal. 16:2, 5-6, O my soul, thou hast said unto the Lord, Thou art my Lord...The Lord is the por-tion of mine inheritance, and of my cup: thou maintainest my lot. The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places: yea, I have a goodly heritage. And because Christ is given for a Covenant of the people, therefore satisfaction is in it.

 

December 21

     Christ is the sum of all Covenant-blessings. They are all abridged in him. Col. 3:11, But Christ is all, and in all:

     1. Eminently: because he is the chief blessing of the Covenant, he is the marrow and fatness of the whole bargain. John 4:10, 14, Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewst the gift of God, and who it is that saith unto thee, Give me to drink, thou wouldst have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water.....But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him, shall never thirst: but the water that I shall give him, shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life. John 3:16, For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son.

     2. Comprehensively: because in him, as in a storehouse, all Covenant-blessings are treasured up. Col. 2:9, For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. John 1:14, 16, And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father) full of grace and truth.....And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace.

     3. Ultimately: because he is that Covenant-blessing for which the whole bargain is sought after, and all other things are but sought for him. Matt. 13:44-45, Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto treasure hid in a field, the which when a man hath found, he hideth, and for joy thereof goeth and selleth all that he hath, and buyeth that field. Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a merchant man, seeking goodly pearls, etc.

     4. Virtually: because when God giveth Christ, the whole Covenant is reckoned to be performed. Luke 1:72, To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant.

     5. Consequentially: because all other Covenant-blessings follow him, as accessories follow any principal thing. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all: how shall he not with him freely give us all things? Prov. 8:35, For whosoever findeth me, findeth life, and shall obtain favour of the Lord.

 

December 22

     If Christ be all the Covenant, or the sum and marrow of all which God hath given to his people by the Covenant of grace; this speaketh sad reproof,

     1. To those who seek something else, the strength of whose endeavors is laid forth upon something inferior, something beside the chief good. Isa. 55:2, Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not bread? and your labour for that which satisfieth not? hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness. To such belongs that warning, Isa. 50:11, Behold, all ye that kindle a fire, that compass yourselves about with sparks: walk in the light of your fire, and in the sparks that ye have kindled. This shall ye have of mine hand, ye shall lie down in sorrow.

     2. To such as seek and follow after something more than Christ, who is all the Covenant: sure there are not a few, who think they have not a full blessing in Christ. Christ alone, without other things of this world, cannot content them, Gen. 30:1. This evil under the sun hath reached some of those who have been within the Covenant of Grace. Gen. 15:1-2, After these things the word of the Lord came unto Abram in a vision, saying, Fear not Abram, I am thy shield, and thy exceeding great reward. And Abram said, Lord God, what wilt thou give me, seeing I go childless, and the steward of my house is this Eliezer of Damascus? To such belongs that warning, Jer. 45:5, And seekest thou great things for thyself? seek them not: for behold, I will bring evil upon all flesh, saith the Lord: but thy life will I give unto thee for a prey in all places whither thou goest.

     3. It speaks reproof to those who seek something less than Christ: there being among those who are not of the worst sort of people, whom life and salvation could satisfy: a created heaven without Christ could answer their desires after happiness. Matt. 19:16, And behold, one came and said unto him, Good master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life? Something of this also may overtake the children of Grace among their fevers and fits of distempers. Mark 9:5-6, And Peter answered, and said to Jesus, Master, it is good for us to be here: and, let us make three tabernacles; one for thee, and one for Moses, and one for Elias. For he wist not what to say, for they were sore afraid. Such should remember Peter's words at another occasion. John 6:68, Then Simon Peter answered him, Lord, to whom shall we go? thou hast the words of eternal life. Which import, that a created Heaven would not be significant, if Christ were not there. See also Psal. 73:25, Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there is none upon the earth that I desire besides thee.

     4. It speaks reproof to those who wrangle about circumstances, to the prejudice of Christ the substance and marrow of the Gospel-Covenant: those who seek some things of Christ to the prejudice of other things of Christ, that be the more weighty matters of the Gospel. As put case: Forms to the prejudice of substance; Order to the prejudice of edification; Uniformity to the prejudice of union; etc. And this, whether by extolling of the highest and most weighty things of Christ, to the prejudice of other things which are also his Ordinances, or by the depressing and decreeing of other more subordinate things of Christ, and circumstantial, to the prejudice of the weightiest matters of the Gospel. For although no Ordinance of Christ be a little one, and to be let at nought, yet without controversy there be some of them more weighty than others.

 

December 23

     For discovery how far we fall short in practical giving to Christ his own place in the Covenant: There be very few, even of those who dare not knowingly slight Christ, who yet do give him his own room in the Covenant. Consider it but a little:

     1. He is the root and original of the Covenant. Have you acknowledged and employed him as such? have your soul transactions with God, been grounded upon Christ's transactions with him? or have you not in point of Soul-covenanting with God, dealt as if the Covenant had its first rise then, when it first entered in thy heart? Consider, I pray, where you have pitched the original rise and foundation of that blessed transaction.

     2. He is the principal party with whom the Covenant was made at the first hand. Do you always give that place to Christ? Do you put him foremost? or do you not rather drudge him after you? I fear, nay I doubt not, we deal in many things with God as if we were the principal party covenanting: in matter of Gospel promises,as if we were the principal Creditor, to whom a performance of these things were due: and in matter of Gospel commands, as if we were the principal Debtors from whom a performance of Duty could be expected.

     3. Christ is the chief blessing of the covenant. Have you sought him as such? or hath any other blessing of the Covenant had his room in thy heart? Have you sought life and salvation in the promises, as the chief blessing contained in them? Or have you seen something in the promises better and more desirable than these, even Christ, who is in every promise, and is the best thing in the promise?

     4. He is valuable above all things else contained in the Covenant. He is the full price of the whole bargain. Have you put this value upon him? Have you made him your all, your treasure for which you treated in this bargain, and bought the field?

     5. He is the sampler and first copy of the Covenant. Did you ever consider how the peace and union was first made in his person? Have you followed that blessed copy, to have this your Covenant with God, the Divine Nature coming down to you, and you brought up to meet with God in Christ, and with him, and in him to have mystical union?

     6. He is the sum of the Covenant. Have you studied this compend well? how to reduce all the Covenant to Christ, to find it all in him, and to make all the Covenant praise him?

 

December 24

     For trial, whether you be in the Covenant of Grace, or not - whether you have taken hold of the Covenant as the Prophet speaks, Isa. 56:4. Know it by this, if thou art in Christ, thou art in the Covenant. If thou hast taken hold of him, thou hast taken hold of the Covenant. John 1:12, But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. Eph. 2:12, That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the common-wealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenant of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world. To be without Christ, and to be strangers to the Covenant of promise, are equivalent. If the Covenant be given, Christ is given and if Christ be given, the Covenant is given. For you are in so far in the Covenant of Grace, as you have anything of Christ in you, Col. 1:27, To whom God would make known, what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory. 2 Cor. 13:5, Examine yourselves whether ye be in the faith: prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates? If you have no right to Christ, then none to the Covenant. Try therefore your standing. Sinners where are you? under the first husband, or married to another? Are you in Christ or not? and consequently in the Covenant of Grace, or without it? Rom. 7:4, Wherefore my brethren, ye also are become dead to the law by the body of Christ, that ye should be married to another, even to him who is raised from the dead, that we should bring forth fruit unto God.

 

December 25

     Try this,

     1. By your divorcement from idols, and all other lovers, this Covenant breaks all former engagements, whether they have been to lusts or to creatures. Henceforth if thou be in Christ and engaged with him through this Covenant, all these former engagements must be so far cast loose, that hatred must be to lusts instead of former love. Gal. 5:24, And they that are Christ's, have crucified the flesh, with the affections and lusts. Mark 9:43, And if thy hand offend thee, cut it off: it is better for thee to enter into life maimed, than having two hands, to go into hell, into the fire that never shall be quenched, where the worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched, etc. And half a love to  the creatures, or limited, subordinate, secondary, regular, submissive love to them,  instead of old heart engagements. Ezek. 36:25, From all your filthiness, and from all your idols will I cleanse you. Psal. 45:10-11, Hearken, O daughter, and consider, and incline thine ear: forget also thine own people, and thy father's house. So shall the king greatly desire thy beauty: for he is thy Lord, and worship thou him. Josh. 24:23, Now therefore put away, said he, the strange gods which are among you, and incline your heart unto the Lord God of Israel. Hos. 14:8, Ephraim shall say, What have I to do any more with idols? Gen. 12:1, Now the Lord had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will shew thee.

     2. Try it by your consenting to the mutual tie which the Covenant bringeth with it: for it doth not only hold forth what God will be to you, but what you will be to him. It obligeth you to be the Lord's, as well as it maketh him yours. Hos. 3:3, It saith, Thou shalt not be for another man; so wilt I also be for thee. If then you consent as willingly to be Christ's, as to have him made yours, by this reciprocation and echo of affection and engagement to him, you may know your being in him, and so in the Covenant. Rev. 22:17, 20, And the Spirit, and the bride say, Come. And let him that heareth say, Come.....Surely, I come quickly, Amen. Song. 2:16, My beloved is mine, and I am his. 2 Chron. 30:8, Now be ye not stiffnecked as your fathers were: but yield yourselves unto the Lord, and enter into his sanctuary, which he hath sanctified for ever: and serve the Lord your God, that the fierceness of his wrath may turn away from you.

     3. Try it by your subjection and submission to Christ. For they that are in Christ, they do not only consent to be his, but there is a subjection of their consent unto him, as unto their Head, Husband, Lord, and King: as Wives and Subjects do in their Covenants with their Husbands and Kings. 2 Cor. 9:13, The subjection of your consent. There must be a thorough compliance with Christ in all his offices, and in every part of each of his office. For we must not comply with Christ as a Priest only, but also as a witness, a leader and commander of the people, Isa. 55:4, since he is given for these ends, as well as for the former. Neither must we submit only to that part of his Priesthood, whereby he offered sacrifice, and slight his intercession, Heb. 5:1, 7 and 9:24, 26. Nor only to the external part of his Prophetical and Kingly offices, by subjecting ourselves to ordinances (as the manner of formal hypocrites is): but to the sovereignty of his inward teaching and ruling also. Jer. 31:33-34, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord. Nor to his inward teaching and ruling only (as despisers of Ordinances pretend), but to the external administration of his Covenant, by Ordinances of worship and government also, so long as his tabernacle is with men, which must be till Christ's giving up the kingdom, Rev. 21:3, 22-23 with Ezek. 43:11.

     4. Try it by your satisfaction with, and acceptation of the whole bargain, without division, diminution, addition, or alteration of any clause in it, Isa. 55:3; Jer. 31:32, etc. Those who are in Christ, and so within the Covenant of Grace, do not divide the promises of the Covenant, from the condition and commands thereof. Neither do they reject anything which God hath put in that bargain. But on the contrary they close with it as it stands in the offer of the Gospel (without bogling and sharing at the reservation of the cross): and with a soul-satisfaction found in the offer. 2 Sam. 23:5, saying with David, this is all my desire. And Psal. 16:5-6, The Lord is the portion of mine inheritance, and of my cup: thou maintainest my lot. The lines are fallen to me in pleasant places: yea, I have a goodly heritage. Psal. 73:25, Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there is none upon earth that I desire besides thee.

     5. Try it by your accounting duties your privilege, which other men account their burden. 1 John 5:3, For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments, and his command-ments are not grievous. Matt. 11:30, For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. By your experiencing that holy facility in duties which springeth from love to Christ, and delight in God. 2 Cor. 5:14, For the love of Christ constraineth us, because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead. Whereby it cometh to pass, that the very work of Believers is wages and hire in their hands, that I say, is demonstrative of one being in Christ, and so of a new Covenant estate.

     6. Try it by your equal endeavors after holiness and heaven. After conformity unto Christ and communion with him: if thy endeavors after sanctification, be as vigorous as after Salvation; if thou wouldst as gladly be made holy, as be in heaven; if thou desirest as really to be made like Christ, as to have fellowship with him; this speaketh thy being in him, and if so, thy being in the Covenant. 2 Cor. 7:1, Having therefore these promises (dearly beloved), let us cleanse our selves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God. 1 John 3:3, And every man that hath this hope in him, purifieth himself, even as he is pure.

     7. Try it by your being humbled and provoked to holiness, by the knowledge of your being in Christ, and your reflections upon this great privilege with humbling admiration. For after this manner hath it wrought upon God's children. Rom. 3:27, Where is boasting then? It is excluded. By what law? of works? Nay: but by the law of faith. Ezek. 16:36, That thou mayest remember, and be confounded, and never open thy mouth any more, because of thy frame, when I am pacified toward thee, for all that thou hast done, saith the Lord God. 1 Tim. 1:13-14, Who was before a blasphemer, and a persecutor, and injurious. But I obtained mercy, because I did it ignorantly, in unbelief: and the grace of our Lord was exceeding abundant, with faith and love, which is in Christ Jesus. John 14:22, Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifest thyself to us, and not unto the world?

     8. Try it by your superlative valuing of Christ. The weakest faith which is precious, doth value Christ above all. 1 Pet. 2:7, To you therefore which believe, he is precious. Prov. 3:15, She  is more precious than rubies: and all the things thou canst desire, are not to be compared unto her. Christ is superlatively valued;

       (a) When Christ alone, without all other comforts, is looked upon as enough, when the soul taketh satisfaction in this portion, Psal. 73:25, Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there is none upon earth that I desire besides thee. Psal. 16:5-6, The Lord is the portion of mine inheritance, and my cup: thou maintainest my lot. The lines are fallen unto me in pleasant places: yea, I have a goodly heritage. When the soul reckons itself eternally made up in him, and blesseth itself in him. Lam. 3:24, The Lord is my portion, saith my soul, therefore will I hope in him.

       (b) When we value Christ out of love, not out of necessity only, as the manner of those is, who come to him only in their exigency, as men use physicians. Psal. 116:1, I love the Lord, because he hath heard my voice, and my supplication.

       (c) When the excellencies of Christ do affect the heart to take pains to seek him, proportionally, as we seek after other things. Song. 5:6, 9-10, I opened to my beloved, but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him: I called him, but he gave me no answer.....What is thy beloved more than another beloved, O thou fairest among women? what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us? My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.

       (d) When we are not easily offended at him. Matt. 11:6, And blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me. Song. 5:7-8, The watchmen that went about the city, found me, they smote me, they wounded me: the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me. I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my love, that ye tell him that I am sick of love. There is nothing that argueth more clearly a low esteem of Christ, than a readiness to be soon and easily stumbled at him, or something in his way with us, or attending the way of seeking him, and on the other hand, nothing argueth a higher esteem of him, than not to be easily offended at him. Let him do what he will, yet will I go after him. Let me meet with what can be imagined, which stumbleth others, yet, will I hold on my way; is the thoughts and heart language of one that valueth Christ above all. Job 13:15, Though he slay me, yet will I trust in him.

 

December 26

     To teach us, whatsoever things appertaining to this Covenant we cast our eyes upon, to observe more of Christ in it. For if we look upon it aright, there is no part of the Covenant but we may behold Christ engraven upon it. He is the precious subject matter of the whole and of every part of the Covenant, whether they be,

     1. Things covenanted by God to us. Christ is engraven upon every promise, and blessing, and privilege of the Covenant. The righteousness and life whereunto we are restored, are the righteousness and life of Christ. Jer. 23:6, And this is his name whereby he shall be called, The Lord Our Righteousness. Gal. 2:20, Yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh, I live by the faith of the Son of God. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption. Col. 3:2-3, Set your affection on things above, and not on things on the earth. For ye are dead, and your life is hid with Christ in God. The Sonship, the Spirit, the grace, the title to God, they are our partnership of Christ's Sonship, his Spirit, his grace, his Covenant-right to God. Rom. 8:17, And if children, then heirs, heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ: if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together. Gal. 4:6, And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father. John 1:14-15, And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father) full of grace and truth. And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace. Or,

     2. Whether they be things restipulated by us to God, as conditions of the Covenant, or as duties of the confederate people, upon every condition and duty of the Covenant, Christ is engraven. The faith accepting Covenant grace and blessings, is the faith of the Son of God, Gal. 2:20. The holiness and worthy walking whereunto we are called, is that same thing whereunto we are chosen and created in Christ Jesus, Eph. 2:10 and 1:4.

 

December 27

     See the necessity of receiving Christ, and of being in him, without which we can have no right to the Covenant, nor to anything contained in it. He is given for a Covenant. If it were possible for you to receive all that is in the Gospel-offers, and not to receive Christ, all these things without him could not change your Covenant-state, Eph. 2:12. If you continue without Christ, you are still without the Covenant; therefore is that expression so frequently used to denote one in Covenant with God, they that are in Christ, Rom. 8:1; 2 Cor. 12:2.

 

December 28

     Learn the way how the confederate people should come to God. It is not enough that we should come to God, and bring Christ with us as a third person, but we must also come to God as being in Christ, as being one with him, John 15:2. And this is to come to God through Christ, Heb. 7:25.

 

December 29

     Be persuaded to take him who is given of God for a Covenant of the people. Make Christ your own and you make all the bargain your own. For he is the covenant of the people and he is all, saith the Apostle, Col. 3:11. And, whoso findeth me, findeth life, and shall obtain favour of the Lord, saith he himself, Prov. 8:35. We beseech you receive the gift which draweth all the Covenant along with it. John 1:12, But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. If you ask, When do we receive Christ?

     1. When we receive the very bonds of the word, and that which doth most cross our corruption, and straiten the looseness and liberty of our flesh. 1 Thess. 1:6, And ye became followers of us, and of the Lord, having received the word in much affliction, with joy of the Holy Ghost. 2 Cor. 10:4-5, For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal, but mighty through God, to the pulling down of strong holds: Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ.

     2. When we embrace and kiss the promises, that is, when we love them dearly, and welcome them kindly, for the good that is in them, for the things which they carry forth unto us. Heb. 11:13, These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth. So did those worthies who obtained a good report through faith, Heb. 11:39.

     3. When we find and receive something sweeter and better in the promises than salvation, even Christ himself. Song. 5:16, His mouth is most sweet, yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem. A temporary may receive the word with joy and the promises of the word, but how? for salvation that is in them: but the Believer finds something in them better than Salvation. John 6:68, Then Simon Peter answered him, Lord, to whom shall we go? thou hast the words of eternal life. Psal. 73:25-26, Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there in none upon earth that I desire besides thee. My heart and my flesh faileth: but God is the strength of my heart, and my portion for ever.

 

December 30

     Since God giveth Christ for all the Covenant, be you persuaded to take him for all, and to make use of him for all. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

     1. To fulfill all the promises of the Covenant to you; for in him they are yea, and in him they are all Amen, 2 Cor. 1:20.

     2. To fulfill and perform the condition of the Covenant in you; to determine your wills to believe. John 6:37, All that the Father giveth me, shall come to me. Song. 1:4, Draw me, we will run after thee. John 12:32, And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.

     3. To perform the duties in you, which the Covenant requireth of you, Phil. 4:13; John 15:5; Eph. 2:10.

 

December 31

     For comfort and encouragement to Believers

     1. Comfort yourselves in the bargain which you have made, upon this ground, Christ is in the Covenant. Yea, he is given for a Covenant of the people and therefore all shall be well and all shall be sure and firm. Isa. 22:23, And I will fasten him as a nail in a sure place, and he shall be for a glorious throne to his father's house. Zech. 10:4, Out of him came forth the corner, out of him the nail. Isa. 3:10, Say ye to the righteous that it shall be well with him: for they shall eat the fruit of their doings. Comfort yourselves,

       (a) Against your being short of other men in worldly enjoyments, Christ is given you for a Covenant, but not unto them. O wonder at it! and be comforted with him who said, Lord, how is it that thou wilt manifest thyself to us, and not unto the world? Psal. 67:6, And God, even our own God shall bless us. Psal. 73:26, My flesh and my heart faileth: but God is the strength of my heart, and my portion for ever.

       (b) Comfort yourselves against all snares, dangers, tentations, and storms that can blow against you in your way to heaven. Christ is in the Covenant and that shall be your safety, as the disciples were safe at sea against greatest tempests, because Christ was in the ship with them. Matt. 8:13-28. Consider, he is embarked with you, and shall bring you to land. 1 John 4:4, Ye are of God, little children, and have overcome them: because greater is he that is in you, than he that is in the world.

       (c) Comfort yourselves against all your wants and weaknesses, and all the miseries of your present condition. Christ is given for a Covenant of the people: and though you be foolish, he is wise. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom. Though you be weak, he is strong. Psal. 89:19, I have laid help upon one that is mighty. Matt. 12:29, Or else how can one enter into a strong man's house, and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man, and then he will spoil his house? Though you be faithless, he is faithful. 2 Tim. 2:13, If we believe not, yet he abideth faithful, he cannot deny himself. Though you be nothing, Christ is all, Col. 3:11. Whatsoever is wanting in you, is abounding in him; and if you abuse not the grace of Christ by turning it into wantonness, it is all one if it be betwixt you. It's as good and much better it be in him than in you; for if he be given to you, all comes with him. 1 Cor. 1:30, But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

     2. Believers in Christ, you who have received him who was given for a Covenant of the people, take courage and boldness to God-ward in all that you have to do with him. For,

       (a) Having received Christ for a Covenant of the people, you may pray and deal confidently with God, as though Christ did beseech God by you. Isa. 45:11, Thus saith the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, and his Maker, Ask me of things to come concerning my sons, and concerning the work of my hands command ye me.

       (b) You have gotten Christ, and therefore nothing shall be denied you. Rom. 8:32, He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all: how shall he not with him also freely give us all things?

       (c) You have received more than you know of. John 14:4-5, 20, And whither I go ye know, and the way you know. Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest: and how can we know the way?.....at that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you. You have all the Covenant, if you have him.

       (d) You have received more than you want, a greater thing than ever you shall be capable to need or want hereafter. For how great soever your wants be, you cannot conceive them to be so great as Christ, who is given to you. Phil. 4:19, But my God shall supply all your need, according to his riches in glory by Christ Jesus. 2 Cor. 9:8, And God is able to make all grace abound towards you, that ye always having all sufficiency in all things, may abound to every good work.